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5,448 results for “Neuron”
Pathogenic LRRK2 causes age-dependent and region-specific deficits in ciliation, innervation and viability of cholinergic neurons_2
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Dataset related to article "Neonicotinoid pesticides affect developing neurons in experi-mental mouse models and in human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neural cultures and organoids"
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Neonicotinoid pesticides affect developing neurons in experi-mental mouse models and in human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neural cultures and organoids
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Astrocyte video S1 and Neuron Video S2
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Single-neuron Reconstruction of the Macaque Primary Motor Cortex
<div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div>Here are 26 reconstructed neuron SWC files of the primary motor cortex from a one-year-old cynomolgus monkey.</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div>In this study, we achieved visualization of neurons through sparse labeling and volumetric imaging with synchronized on-the-fly-scan and readout (VISoR) technique. Following whole-brain 3D reconstruction (<a href="https://github.com/SMART-pipeline/Volume-reconstruction" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">GitHub - SMART-pipeline/Volume-reconstruction</a>), we employed Lychnis for single-neuron reconstruction (<a href="https://github.com/SMART-pipeline/Lychnis-tracing" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">GitHub - SMART-pipeline/Lychnis-tracing</a>). Within Lychnis, the visualization toolkit (VTK) and virtual finger are utilized for 3D rendering and interactive labeling purposes.</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div> <div>The complete image datasets (raw and processed) of macaque brains exceed 1 petabyte, rendering it impractical to upload the entirety to a public data repository. This part of datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study is available from the corresponding authors upon reasonable request.</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>
Models, scripts, simulated data, and results from the article "Evaluation and comparison of methods for neuronal parameter optimization using the Neuroptimus software framework."
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A Multi-Scale Neuron Morphometry Dataset from Peta-voxel Mouse Whole-Brain Images
<p><span>Neuron morphology and sub-neuronal patterns offer vital insights into cell typing and the structural organization of brain networks. The community-collaborative BRAIN Initiative Cell Census Network (BICCN) project has yielded a vast amount of whole-brain imaging data. However, reconstructing multi-scale neuron morphometry at a whole-brain scale requires not only the integration of diverse hardware devices, tools, and algorithms but also a dedicated production workflow. To address these challenges, we developed a cloud-based, collaborative platform capable of handling peta-scale imaging data. Using this platform, we generated the largest multi-scale morphometry dataset from hundreds of sparsely labeled mouse brains. The morphometry dataset comprises 182,497 annotated cell bodies, 15,441 locally traced morphologies, and 1,876 fully reconstructed morphologies. We also identified sub-neuronal arborizations for both axons and dendrites, along with the primary axonal tracts connecting them. In addition, we identified 2.63 million putative boutons. All morphometric data were registered to the Allen Common Coordinate Framework (CCF) atlas. The morphometry dataset has proven to be an invaluable resource for whole-brain cross-scale morphological studies in mouse.</span></p>
Characterizing and targeting glioblastoma neuron-tumor networks with retrograde tracing
<p>Single-cell RNA sequencing data of rat connectedTUM neurons from co-culture with GBStarter cells (Tetzlaff & Reyhan et. al., 2024)</p>
Force-mediated microtubule stabilization induces global nuclear remodelling in neurons
<p>Data and Metadata associated with a publication </p>
Ultra robust negative differential resistance memristor for hardware neuron circuit implementation
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Data from: Validation of diffusion tensor imaging measures of nigrostriatal neurons in macaques
Objective: Interpretation of diffusion MRI in the living brain requires validation against gold standard histological measures. We compared diffusion values of the nigrostriatal tract to PET and histological results in non-human primates (NHPs) with varying degrees of unilateral nigrostriatal injury induced by MPTP, a toxin selective for dopaminergic neurons. Methods: Sixteen NHPs had MRI and PET scans of three different presynaptic radioligands and blinded video-based motor ratings before and after unilateral carotid artery infusion of variable doses of MPTP. Diffusion measures of connections between midbrain and striatum were calculated. Then animals were euthanized to quantify striatal dopamine concentration, stereologic measures of striatal tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunostained fiber density and unbiased stereologic counts of TH stained nigral cells. Results: Diffusion measures correlated with MPTP dose, nigral TH-positive cell bodies and striatal TH-positive fiber density but did not correlate with in vitro nigrostriatal terminal field measures or in vivo PET measures of striatal uptake of presynaptic markers. Once nigral TH cell count loss exceeded 50% the stereologic terminal field measures reached a near zero floor effect but the diffusion measures continued to correlate with nigral cell counts. Conclusion: Diffusion measures in the nigrostriatal tract correlate with nigral dopamine neurons and striatal fiber density, but have the same relationship to terminal field measures as a previous report of striatal PET measures of presynaptic neurons. These diffusion measures have the potential to act as non-invasive index of the severity of nigrostriatal injury. Diffusion imaging of the nigrostriatal tract could potentially have diagnostic value in humans with Parkinson disease or related disorders.
Neurone basic drawing
SciDraw upload
Data from: Exogenous α-synuclein hinders synaptic communication in cultured cortical primary rat neurons
Amyloid aggregates of the protein α-synuclein (αS) called Lewy Bodies (LB) and Lewy Neurites (LN) are the pathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD) and other synucleinopathies. We have previously shown that high extracellular αS concentrations can be toxic to cells and that neurons take up αS. Here we aimed to get more insight into the toxicity mechanism associated with high extracellular αS concentrations (50-100 μM). High extracellular αS concentrations resulted in a reduction of the firing rate of the neuronal network by disrupting synaptic transmission, while the neuronal ability to fire action potentials was still intact. Furthermore, many cells developed αS deposits larger than 500 nm within five days, but otherwise appeared healthy. Synaptic dysfunction clearly occurred before the establishment of large intracellular deposits and neuronal death, suggesting that an excessive extracellular αS concentration caused synaptic failure and which later possibly contributed to neuronal death.
Data from: Neuronal morphologies built for reliable physiology in a rhythmic motor circuit
It is often assumed that highly-branched neuronal structures perform compartmentalized computations. However, previously we showed that the Gastric Mill (GM) neuron in the crustacean stomatogastric ganglion (STG) operates like a single electrotonic compartment, despite having thousands of branch points and total cable length >10 mm (Otopalik et al., 2017a; 2017b). Here we show that compact electrotonic architecture is generalizable to other STG neuron types, and that these neurons present direction-insensitive, linear voltage integration, suggesting they pool synaptic inputs across their neuronal structures. We also show, using simulations of 720 cable models spanning a broad range of geometries and passive properties, that compact electrotonus, linear integration, and directional insensitivity in STG neurons arise from their neurite geometries (diameters tapering from 10-20 µm to < 2 µm at their terminal tips). A broad parameter search reveals multiple morphological and biophysical solutions for achieving different degrees of passive electrotonic decrement and computational strategies in the absence of active properties.
Data from: Reconstruction of genetically identified neurons imaged by serial-section electron microscopy
Resolving patterns of synaptic connectivity in neural circuits currently requires serial section electron microscopy. However, complete circuit reconstruction is prohibitively slow and may not be necessary for many purposes such as comparing neuronal structure and connectivity among multiple animals. Here, we present an alternative strategy, targeted reconstruction of specific neuronal types. We used viral vectors to deliver peroxidase derivatives, which catalyze production of an electron-dense tracer, to genetically identified neurons, and developed a protocol that enhances the electron-density of the labeled cells and while retaining quality of the ultrastructure. The high contrast of the marked neurons enabled two innovations that dramatically speed data acquisition: targeted high-resolution reimaging of regions selected from rapidly-acquired lower resolution reconstruction, and an unsupervised segmentation algorithm. This pipeline reduces imaging and reconstruction times by at least two orders of magnitude, facilitating directed inquiry of circuit motifs.
Piecemeal regulation of convergent neuronal lineages by bHLH transcription factors in Caenorhabditis elegans
<p>Image volumes and annotations for lin-32; NeuroPAL mutants.</p> <p>The following image volumes and their annotations are provided for:<br> "Piecemeal regulation of convergent neuronal lineages by bHLH transcription factors in Caenorhabditis elegans".</p> <p>The publication is available here:<br> https://journals.biologists.com/dev/article-abstract/148/11/dev199224/269057/Piecemeal-regulation-of-convergent-neuronal</p> <p>These image files can be viewed with the NeuroPAL ID software, available at:<br> https://www.hobertlab.org/neuropal/<br> OR<br> https://github.com/amin-nejat/CELL_ID</p> <p>This software was provided for the NeuroPAL publication, "NeuroPAL: A Multicolor Atlas for Whole-Brain Neuronal Identification in C. elegans".<br> The publication is available here:<br> https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(20)31682-2</p> <p>Please cite the NeuroPAL publication when using the software.</p>
Subpopulations of neurons in lOFC encode previous and current rewards at time of choice
<p>This dataset contains behavioral, neural, and statistical modeling data for rats performing a value-based decision making task. It has been described in the following papers:</p> <p>1. Hocker, David, Brody, Carlos D., Savin, Cristina., and Constantinople, Christine M. "Subpopulations of neurons in lOFC encode previous and current rewards at time of choice." eLife (2021), <a href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__doi.org_10.7554_eLife.70129&d=DwMFaQ&c=slrrB7dE8n7gBJbeO0g-IQ&r=mWx_05xO4JE0kJMTyNbuCw&m=okFDeuFte6b1nIrd0oWDWigKCcMG8PWwS3q06SRCHgs&s=jgmKHrmsFnW-PB6jgHvXwgjHwd9-zuPi1fNS61wnOog&e=">https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.70129</a><br> 2. Constantinople, Christine M., et al. "Lateral orbitofrontal cortex promotes trial-by-trial learning of risky, but not spatial, biases." eLife 8 (2019): e49744. <br> 3. Constantinople, Christine M., Alex T. Piet, and Carlos D. Brody. "An analysis of decision under risk in rats." Current Biology 29.12 (2019): 2066-2074.</p> <p><br> The behavior data details the trial-by-trial contingencies, outcomes, and timing of the animal's choices in a 2 alternative forced choice task for probabilistic water rewards, and the electrophysiological data contains trial-by-trial firing rates and individual spike times of isolated single units recorded in lateral orbitofrontal cortex. The generalized linear model (GLM) fits are summarized by the response kernels to the task variables that are used to model trial-by-trial spiking activity. Finally, results of clustering analyses that identified distinct subpopulations or neural responses are also provided.</p> <p>The files are Matlab (.mat) data files, and are provided in both an individual neuron and aggregated format for the behavioral and electrophysiological data. The model files for each neuron correspond to the GLM described in Hocker et al., 2021., and the code that fits those parameters is provided at github.com/constantinoplelab/published/ . </p>
Figure 2 from: Vyshedskiy A, Dunn R (2015) Mental synthesis involves the synchronization of independent neuronal ensembles. Research Ideas and Outcomes 1: e7642. https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.1.e7642
Figure 2 - On a neurological level, mentally forming the image of Bill Clinton and the lion consists of the following steps: Step 1 - Recall of Bill Clinton: The prefrontal cortex (PFC) activates the ensemble of neurons representing Bill Clinton to fire synchronous actions potentials. Bill Clinton is perceived by the patient. The electrode implanted into the temporal lobe (TL) records an increased rate of action potentials. Step 2 - Recall of the lion: The PFC activates the ensemble of neurons representing the lion to fire synchronous actions potentials. The lion is perceived. The second electrode implanted into the TL records an increased rate of action potentials. Step 3 - The patient mentally integrates the images of Bill Clinton and the lion into one scene. The Mental Synthesis Theory hypothesizes that integration is accomplished by the PFC synchronizing the two neuronal ensembles in time. Step 4 - When synchronization of the Clinton and the lion neuronal ensembles is achieved, a new, never-before-seen mental image of Bill Clinton holding the lion on his lap is perceived by the patient. At that moment the two implanted electrodes are predicted to record synchronous action potentials, implying the synchronization of the Clinton and lion neuronal ensembles.
Figure 1 from: Vyshedskiy A, Dunn R (2015) Mental synthesis involves the synchronization of independent neuronal ensembles. Research Ideas and Outcomes 1: e7642. https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.1.e7642
Figure 1 - Mental synthesis of Bill Clinton holding a lion. Once selective neurons for Bill Clinton and the lion are identified, a subject can be asked to imagine Bill Clinton holding the lion on his lap. The Mental Synthesis theory predicts that both the Clinton neuron and the lion neuron will increase their firing rate and that their activity will be synchronized. Images modified from: 1. William J. Clinton at the Parliament in London, United Kingdom, November 29, 1995. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bill_Clinton_1995_im_Parlament_in_London.jpg 2. Lioness in the Olomouc Zoo at Svatý kopeček, Czech Republic. This image is licensed under the CC BY-SA license. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lioness,_Olomouc.jpg
Neuronal activity and dLight signal during rodent decision making
<p>Neuronal activity and dLight signal during rodent decision making.</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.