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3,100 results for “recent”
Data for: (Epi)genomic adaptation driven by fine geographical scale environmental heterogeneity after recent biological invasions
<p><span>Elucidating processes and mechanisms involved in rapid local adaptation to varied environments is a poorly understood but crucial component in management of invasive species. Recent studies have proposed that genetic and epigenetic variation could both contribute to ecological adaptation, yet it remains unclear on the interplay between these two components underpinning rapid adaptation in wild animal populations. To assess their respective contributions to local adaptation, we explored epigenomic and genomic responses to environmental heterogeneity in eight recently colonized ascidian (<em>Ciona intestinalis</em>) populations at a relatively fine geographical scale. Based on MethylRADseq data, we detected strong patterns of local environment-driven DNA methylation divergence among populations, significant epigenetic isolation by environment (IBE), and a large number of local environment-associated epigenetic loci. Meanwhile, multiple genetic analyses based on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) showed genomic footprints of </span><span>divergent selection</span><span>. </span><span>In addition, for five genetically similar populations, we detected significant methylation divergence and local environment-driven methylation patterns, indicating strong effects of local environments on epigenetic variation. From a functional perspective, a majority of functional genes, gene ontology (GO) terms, and biological pathways were largely specific to one of these two types of variation, suggesting partial independence between epigenetic and genetic adaptation. The methylation quantitative trait loci (mQTL) analysis showed that the genetic variation explained only 18.67% of methylation variation, further confirming the autonomous relationship between these two types of variation. Altogether, we highlight the complementary interplay of genetic and epigenetic variation involved in local adaptation, which may jointly promote populations' rapid adaptive capacity and successful invasions in different environments. The findings here provide valuable insights into interactions between invaders and local environments to allow invasive species to rapidly spread, thus contributing to better prediction of invasion success and development of management strategies.</span></p>
Recent HIV infections among newly diagnosed individuals living with HIV in rural Lesotho: Secondary data from the VIBRA cluster-randomized trial
<p>These are pseudo-anonymised data from a secondary analysis of the VIBRA randomised trial.</p> <p>HIV recency assays are used to distinguish recently acquired infection from long-term infection among individuals newly diagnosed with HIV. Since 2015, the World Health Organisation recommends the use of an algorithm to assess recency of infections which is based on an HIV recency assay and viral load (VL) quantification. We determined the proportion of recent HIV infections among participants of the VIBRA (Village-Based Refill of Antiretroviral therapy) cluster-randomized trial in Lesotho and assessed risk factors for these recent infections.</p> <p>The VIBRA trial recruited individuals living with HIV and not taking antiretroviral therapy during a door-to-door HIV testing campaign in two rural districts (Butha-Buthe and Mokhotlong). Samples were collected from participants newly diagnosed and tested for HIV recency using the Asanté HIV-1 Rapid Recency Assay and VL using the Roche Cobas System. Clinical and socio-demographic data were extracted from the trial database. Univariate analysis was conducted to determine factors associated with recent compared to long-term infection.</p> <p>There is one dataset containing all data presented in this dtuy. The data codebook explains the data available in the dataset.</p>
Recent photosynthates are the primary carbon source for soil microbial respiration in subtropical forests
<p class="Heading-Main"><span>Tropical and subtropical forests represent the largest terrestrial carbon pool. Elucidating the carbon sources for soil microbial respiration (Rm) in tropical and subtropical forests is of fundamental importance to the global carbon cycle in a warming world. Based on hourly measurements, we quantified Rm of <em>in situ </em>forest soil and soil cores from a subtropical forest. We found recent photosynthates, not soil organic carbon (SOC), contributed 88% ± 12% of the carbon source fueling Rm. The control of recent photosynthates on Rm is also supported by the close relationship between Rm and photosynthetically active radiation as well as literature data synthesis results. These results challenge conventional models based on the tenet that Rm is mainly regulated by soil temperature in all forest ecosystems. The results imply that the widely observed warming-induced Rm increases are largely explained by the enhanced input of recent photosynthates in tropical forests, not SOC consumption.</span></p>
Differentially methylated genes involved in reproduction and ploidy levels in recent diploidized and tetraploidized Eragrostis curvula genotypes
<p>Epigenetics studies changes in gene activity without changes in the DNA sequence. Methylation is an epigenetic mechanism important in many pathways, such as biotic and abiotic stresses, cell division, and reproduction. <em>Eragrostis curvula</em> is a grass species reproducing by apomixis, a clonal reproduction by seeds. This work employed the MCSeEd technique to identify deferentially methylated positions, regions, and genes in the CG, CHG, and CHH contexts in <em>E</em>. <em>curvula</em> genotypes with similar genomic backgrounds but with different reproductive modes and ploidy levels. In this way, we focused the analysis on the cvs. Tanganyika INTA (4x, apomictic), Victoria (2x, sexual), and Bahiense (4x, apomictic). Victoria was obtained from the diploidization of Tanganyika INTA, while Bahiense was produced from the tetraploidization of Victoria. This study showed that polyploid/apomictic genotypes had more differentially methylated positions and regions than the diploid sexual ones. Interestingly, it was possible to observe fewer differentially methylated positions and regions in CG than in the other contexts, meaning CG methylation is conserved across the genotypes regardless of the ploidy level and reproductive mode. In the comparisons between sexual and apomictic genotypes, we identified differentially methylated genes involved in the reproductive pathways, specifically in meiosis, cell division, and fertilization. Another interesting observation was that several differentially methylated genes between the diploid and the original tetraploid genotype recovered their methylation status after tetraploidization, suggesting that methylation is an important mechanism involved in reproduction and ploidy changes.</p>
Políticas Públicas e Institucionais de Ciência Aberta no Brasil no Período Recente (2020-2023)
<p>Materiais suplementares do estudo intitulado "Políticas Públicas e Institucionais de Ciência Aberta no Brasil no Período Recente (2020-2023)", submetido ao 9º Encontro Brasileiro de Bibliometria e Cientometria:</p> <p>1) Arquivo *xlsx contendo a lista de nomes e links (urls) das fontes consultadas no levantamento;</p> <p>2) Arquivo *docx contendo as referências completas dos documentos consultados no levantamento e citadas ao longo do trabalho.</p>
FIGURE A6-1 in Morphospace dynamics and intraspecies variety of Sorex araneus and S. tundrensis according to recent and fossil data
FIGURE A6-1. Consensus tree based on the seven concatenated genes data set.
Figure 1 in Recent progress in magnetic nanoparticles and mesoporous materials for enzyme immobilization: an update
Figure 1. Mesoporous material-functioned MNPs.
Dataset (Global C-responses for CSES and CSES+Swarm+Obs database) presented in the recently submitted AGU manuscript "Electrical conductivity of mantle transition zone and water content revealed by the magnetic data of China Seismo-electromagnetic Satellite".
<p>Dataset (Global C-responses for CSES and CSES+Swarm+Obs database) presented in the recently submitted AGU manuscript "Electrical conductivity of mantle transition zone and water content revealed by the magnetic data of China Seismo-electromagnetic Satellite".</p>
Fig. 3 in On a recent record of Dysodius lunatus (Fabricius, 1794) (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Aradidae: Mezirinae) in Costa Rica, with additional notes.
Fig. 3.- Site of the finding. Río Blanco, Limón, Costa Rica, 18.5.2016.
Fig. 6 in The origin and diversification of the Entorrhizales: deep evolutionary roots but recent speciation with a phylogenetic and phenotypic split between associates of the Cyperaceae and Juncaceae
Fig. 6 Spores of Entorrhiza fuirenae (holotype) seen by light microscopy. Scale bar = 10 μm
Demo MRI data for recenter tool
<p>This is a small exported MRI dataset from animal imaging that can be used to demonstrate the tool for recentering DICOMs for ergonomic tests for image-guided interventions applications. The tool is available in https://github.com/ProteusMRIgHIFU/RecenterDICOM </p>
Genomic data provides new insights on the demographic history and the extent of recent material transfers in Norway spruce
<p>This dataset includes files and scripts used for the paper "Genomic data provides new insights on the demographic history and the extent of recent material transfers in Norway spruce". </p>
Figure 3 in Recently resighted population of Blue-breasted Quail (Synoicus chinensis) in and around East Kolkata Wetland is under threat due to development activities
Figure 3. Showing LULC of the area where the BBQ were sighted.
Figure 1 in Turkey's largest Cinereous vulture population in a recently discovered breeding area in North-west Anatolia
Figure 1. The study area indicating by red border.
Fig. 2 in Disease reservoirs threaten the recently rediscovered Podocarpus Stubfoot Toad (Atelopus podocarpus)
Fig. 2. Map of the study area showing the six field sites.
Figure 1 in CHIRONOMID RESEARCH THROUGH PANDEMICS, RECENT ADVANCES Abstract
Figure 1. Group photo on Zoom video conference system at the final forum of ISC2022.
A dataset of InSAR deformation and faulting model of the Main Recent Fault
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Repeated evolution of vertebrate pollination syndromes in a recently diverged Andean plant clade
While specialized interactions, including those involving plants and their pollinators, are often invoked to explain high species diversity, they are rarely explored at macroevolutionary scales. We investigate the dynamic evolution of hummingbird and bat pollination syndromes in the centropogonid clade (Lobelioideae: Campanulaceae), an Andean-centered group of ∼550 angiosperm species. We demonstrate that flowers hypothesized to be adapted to different pollinators based on flower color fall into distinct regions of morphospace, and this is validated by morphology of species with known pollinators. This supports the existence of pollination syndromes in centropogonids, an idea corroborated by ecological studies. We further demonstrate that hummingbird pollination is ancestral, and that bat pollination has evolved ∼13 times independently, with ∼11 reversals. This convergence is associated with correlated evolution of floral traits within selective regimes corresponding to pollination syndrome. Collectively, our results suggest that floral morphological diversity is extremely labile, likely resulting from selection imposed by pollinators. Finally, even though this clade's rapid diversification is partially attributed to their association with vertebrate pollinators, we detect no difference in diversification rates between hummingbird- and bat-pollinated lineages. Our study demonstrates the utility of pollination syndromes as a proxy for ecological relationships in macroevolutionary studies of certain species-rich clades.
Data from: Postcranial diversity and recent ecomorphic impoverishment of North American gray wolves
Recent advances in genomics and palaeontology have begun to unravel the complex evolutionary history of the gray wolf, Canis lupus. Still, much of their phenotypic variation across time and space remains to be documented. We examined the limb morphology of the fossil and modern North American gray wolves from the late Quaternary (< ca.70 ka) to better understand their postcranial diversity through time. We found that the late-Pleistocene gray wolves were characterised by short-leggedness on both sides of the Cordilleran-Laurentide ice sheets, and that this trait survived well into the Holocene despite the collapse of Pleistocene megafauna and disappearance of the "Beringian wolf" from Alaska. In contrast, extant populations in the Midwestern United States and north-western North America are distinguished by their elongate limbs with long distal segments, which appear to have evolved during the Holocene possibly in response to a new level or type of prey depletion. One of the consequences of recent extirpation of the Plains (C. l. nubilus) and Mexican wolves (C. l. baileyi) from much of the United States is an unprecedented loss of postcranial diversity through removal of short-legged forms. Conservation of these wolves is thus critical to restoration of the ecophenotypic diversity and evolutionary potential of gray wolves in North America.
Data set for the article "Recently photoassimilated Carbon and fungus-delivered Nitrogen are spatially correlated at the cellular scale in the ectomycorrhizal tissue of Fagus sylvatica"
<p>This dataset contains data that support the manuscript</p> <p>Mayerhofer et al (2021) "Recently photoassimilated Carbon and fungus-delivered Nitrogen are spatially correlated at the cellular scale in the ectomycorrhizal tissue of<em> Fagus sylvatica", </em>The New Phytologist, DOI:10.1111/nph.17591</p> <p>It contains the following data:</p> <p>(1) NanoSIMS imaging data, which was used for Fig. 4-7, is provided in NanoSIMS_control_root_tip.zip and NanoSIMS_labelled_root_tip.zip. Each zip-files contains:</p> <ul> <li>the original NanoSIMS images (.im)</li> <li>their related checkfiles (.chk_im)</li> <li>ROIs description (.rois.zip)</li> </ul> <p>of the unlabelled control and the labelled root tip section, respectively. ".im" and ".chk_im" are the original image data aquisition files from the NanoSIMS instrument. "rois.zip" files describe selected regions of interests and were created utilizing the OpenMIMS plugin (Center for Nano Imaging, https://nano.bwh.harvard.edu/MIMSsoftware) for the image analysis software ImageJ (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA).</p> <p>(2) Means and standard deviations of all measured elements and isotopes of each region of interest, as obtained via the .rois.zip files from the NanoSIMS images, are reported in NanoSIMS_ROI_data.csv (used for Fig.7).</p> <p>(3) Linescan_data.csv contains data used for Fig. 8.</p> <p>(4) IRMS_roots_data.csv contains data of root segments and mycorrhizal root tips analysed with isotope-ratio mass spectrometry (EA-IRMS) (used for Fig. 2)</p> <p>Description of column meanings from csv data files can be found in the according "_description" files.</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.