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GPM GROUND VALIDATION GCPEX SNOW MICROPHYSICS CASE STUDY V1

The GPM Ground Validation GCPEX Snow Microphysics Case Study characterizes the 3-D microphysical evolution and distribution of snow in context of the thermodynamic environment observed during the February 24th, 2012 event of the GPM Cold-season Precipitation Experiment (GCPEx). The GPM Cold-season Precipitation Experiment occurred in Ontario, Canada during the winter season of 2011-2012. GCPEx addressed shortcomings in the GPM snowfall retrieval algorithm by collecting microphysical properties, associated remote sensing observations, and coordinated model simulations of snow. This case study includes data from the Airborne Second Generation Precipitation Radar (APR-2), Dual-frequency Dual-polarized Doppler Radar (D3R), Dual Polarization Radiometer and the NCAR Cloud Microphysics Particle Probes.

GPM GROUND VALIDATION HIGH ALTITUDE IMAGING WIND AND RAIN AIRBORNE PROFILER (HIWRAP) MC3E V1

The GPM Ground Validation High Altitude Imaging Wind and Rain Airborne Profiler (HIWRAP) MC3E dataset was collected by the High-Altitude Imaging Wind and Rain Airborne Profiler (HIWRAP), which is a dual-frequency (Ka- and Ku-band) conical scan system, configured with a nadir viewing antenna on the high-altitude (20 km) NASA ER-2 aircraft. It provides calibrated reflectivity and unfolded Doppler velocity. The GPM Ground Validation High Altitude Imaging Wind and Rain Airborne Profiler (HIWRAP) MC3E dataset consists of netCDF (.nc) files and images (.gif). Measurements included within the data files are merged pulse and chirp radar reflectivity profiles at 13.9 and 33.7 GHz.

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VIIRS/JPSS1 BRDF/Albedo Valid Observation Band M4 Daily L3 Global 30ArcSec CMG V002

The NOAA-20 Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF) and Albedo Valid Observation Band M4 product (VJ143D45) is produced daily using 16 days of data at 30 arc second (1,000 meter) resolution. Data are temporally weighted to the ninth day, which is reflected in the file name. The VJ143D product suite is provided in a Climate Modeling Grid (CMG), which covers the entire globe for use in climate simulation models. Due to the large file size, each VJ143D product contains just one data layer for each of the parameters included in the [VJ143MA2](https://doi.org/10.5067/VIIRS/VJ143MA2.002) product. VJ143D40 through VJ143D53 are the 30 arc second BRDF/Albedo Quality values, the Local Solar Noon values, the Valid Observations of the moderate resolution bands (M1 through M5, M7, M8, M10, and M11) plus the Day/Night Band (DNB), the Snow Status, and the Uncertainty. Details regarding methodology are available on the VJ143MA2 product page and in the Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document (ATBD). VJ143D45 contains the valid observation quality layer representing each of the 16 days of the retrieval period for VIIRS band M4.Known Issues* For complete information about known issues please refer to the [MODIS/VIIRS Land Quality Assessment website]( https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/knownissue).Improvements/Changes from Previous VersionsThe NOAA-20 VIIRS algorithms include the same improvements as the S-NPP VIIRS V002* Improved calibration algorithm and better coefficients for entire NOAA-20 mission* Improved geolocation accuracy and updates to fix outliers around maneuver periods and other events* Corrections to the aerosol quantity flag (low, average, high) mainly over brighter surfaces in the mid to high latitudes such as desert and tropical vegetation areas. This has an impact on the retrieval of other downstream data products such as VJ113 Vegetation Indices and VJ143 BRDF/Albedo.* Improved cloud mask input product for corrections along coastlines and artifacts from use of coarse resolution climatology data* Replaced the land/water mask input product with MODIS heritage seven class land/water mask

VIIRS/NPP BRDF/Albedo Valid Observation Band M4 Daily L3 Global 30ArcSec CMG V002

The NASA/NOAA Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (Suomi NPP) Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF) and Albedo Valid Observation Band M4 product (VNP43D45) is produced daily using 16 days of data at 30 arc second (1,000 meter) resolution. Data are temporally weighted to the ninth day, which is reflected in the file name. The VNP43D product suite is provided in a Climate Modeling Grid (CMG), which covers the entire globe for use in climate simulation models. Due to the large file size, each VNP43D product contains just one data layer for each of the parameters included in the [VNP43MA2](https://doi.org/10.5067/VIIRS/VNP43MA2.002) product. VNP43D40 through VNP43D53 are the 30 arc second BRDF/Albedo Quality values, the Local Solar Noon values, the Valid Observations of the moderate resolution bands (M1 through M5, M7, M8, M10, and M11) plus the Day/Night Band (DNB), the Snow Status, and the Uncertainty. Details regarding methodology are available on the [VNP43MA2](https://doi.org/10.5067/VIIRS/VNP43MA2.002) product page and in the Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document (ATBD).VNP43D45 contains the valid observation quality layer representing each of the 16 days of the retrieval period for VIIRS band M4.Known Issues* For complete information about known issues please refer to the [MODIS/VIIRS Land Quality Assessment website](https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/knownissue).Improvements/Changes from Previous Version* Improved calibration algorithm and better coefficients for entire Suomi NPP mission.* Improved geolocation accuracy and updates to fix outliers around maneuver periods and other events.* Corrections to the aerosol quantity flag (low, average, high) mainly over brighter surfaces in the mid to high latitudes such as desert and tropical vegetation areas. This has an impact on the retrieval of other downstream data products such as VNP13 Vegetation Indices and VNP43 BRDF/Albedo.* Improved cloud mask input product for corrections along coastlines and artifacts from use of coarse resolution climatology data.* Replaced the land/water mask input product with MODIS heritage seven class land/water mask.

GPM Ground Validation Reference Precipitation IPHEx V1

The GPM Ground Validation Reference Precipitation IPHEx dataset consists of 10 years (December 31, 2007-December 31, 2017) of hourly rainfall intensity at 1 km2 resolution over the core region of the Integrated Precipitation and Hydrology Experiment (IPHEx), that is centered in the Pigeon River Basin in North Carolina. The goal of the IPHEx field campaign was to evaluate the accuracy of satellite precipitation measurements and use the collected data for hydrology models in the region. Data files are available in ASCII format.

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VIIRS/JPSS1 BRDF/Albedo Valid Observation Band M11 Daily L3 Global 30ArcSec CMG V002

The NOAA-20 Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (Suomi NPP) Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF) and Albedo Valid Observation Band M11 product (VJ143D50) is produced daily using 16 days of data at 30 arc second (1,000 meter) resolution. Data are temporally weighted to the ninth day, which is reflected in the file name. The VJ143D product suite is provided in a Climate Modeling Grid (CMG), which covers the entire globe for use in climate simulation models. Due to the large file size, each VJ143D product contains just one data layer for each of the parameters included in the [VJ143MA2](https://doi.org/10.5067/VIIRS/VJ143MA2.002) product. VJ143D40 through VJ143D53 are the 30 arc second BRDF/Albedo Quality values, the Local Solar Noon values, the Valid Observations of the moderate resolution bands (M1 through M5, M7, M8, M10, and M11) plus the Day/Night Band (DNB), the Snow Status, and the Uncertainty. Details regarding methodology are available on the VJ143MA2 product page and in the Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document (ATBD). VJ143D50 contains the valid observation quality layer representing each of the 16 days of the retrieval period for VIIRS band M11.Known Issues* For complete information about known issues please refer to the [MODIS/VIIRS Land Quality Assessment website]( https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/knownissue).Improvements/Changes from Previous VersionsThe NOAA-20 VIIRS algorithms include the same improvements as the S-NPP VIIRS V002* Improved calibration algorithm and better coefficients for entire NOAA-20 mission* Improved geolocation accuracy and updates to fix outliers around maneuver periods and other events* Corrections to the aerosol quantity flag (low, average, high) mainly over brighter surfaces in the mid to high latitudes such as desert and tropical vegetation areas. This has an impact on the retrieval of other downstream data products such as VJ113 Vegetation Indices and VJ143 BRDF/Albedo.* Improved cloud mask input product for corrections along coastlines and artifacts from use of coarse resolution climatology data* Replaced the land/water mask input product with MODIS heritage seven class land/water mask

Validation of Ocean Surface Downwelling Irradiance and Its Underwater Propagation for the PACE Mission

This project contributes to the validation of global surface radiation products and diffuse attenuation coefficients (Kd) generated by the PACE mission, essential for quantifying net primary production. The radiation products include instantaneous, daily mean, planar, and scalar fluxes products, in particular daily mean photosynthetically available radiation (PAR). In-situ observations are gathered through a network of automatic stations measuring hyperspectral downward planar irradiance (Ed(0+)) at selected AERONET-OC sites, and BGC-Argo profilers equipped with hyperspectral Ed sensors. BGC-Argo data were collected and made freely available by the International Argo Program and the national programs that contribute to it (https://argo.ucsd.edu, https://www.ocean-ops.org). The Argo Program is part of the Global Ocean Observing System https://doi.org/10.17882/42182. Link to BGC-Argo GDAC for raw float data: https://data-argo.ifremer.fr/aux/coriolis/.

GPM GROUND VALIDATION OKLAHOMA CLIMATOLOGICAL SURVEY MESONET MC3E

The GPM Ground Validation Oklahoma Climatological Survey Mesonet MC3E data were collected during the Midlatitude Continental Convective Clouds Experiment (MC3E) in central Oklahoma during the April-June 2011 period. The overarching goal was to provide the most complete characterization of convective cloud systems, precipitation, and the environment that has ever been obtained, providing constraints for model cumulus parameterizations and space-based rainfall retrieval algorithms over land that had never before been available. Collected by a network of weather stations, this dataset is composed of 15 minute and 5 minute files with one file per site per day in mts format. Data can be read as ASCII text. Multiple parameters found in this dataset include relative humidity, air temperature, wind speed and direction, precipitation and calibrated soil moisture. More information on the contents and data format can be found at http://www.mesonet.org/index.php/site/about/mdf_mts_files.

GPM Ground Validation NASA W-band Aircraft Cloud Radar (WACR) C3VP V1

The GPM Ground Validation NASA W-band Airborne Cloud Radar (WACR) C3VP dataset consists of calibrated co- and cross-polarized radar reflectivity at 94 GHz during the Canadian CloudSat/CALIPSO Validation Project (C3VP) field campaign. The campaign took place in southern Canada in support of multiple science missions, including the NASA GPM mission, in order to improve the modeling and remote sensing of winter precipitation. The WACR is used for cloud sensing and microphysics. During C3VP, the WACR was deployed as a surface-based, zenith-pointing instrument in the Cloud Radar Trailer at the Centre for Atmospheric Research Experiments (CARE) facility in Ontario, Canada. The data include radar reflectivities in zenith-pointing orientation at the CARE facility. The dataset files are available in netCDF format from October 30, 2006 through March 2, 2007.

GPM GROUND VALIDATION DUAL-FREQUENCY DUAL-POLARIZED DOPPLER RADAR (D3R) GCPEX V1

The GPM Ground Validation Dual-frequency Dual-polarized Doppler Radar (D3R) GCPEx and IFloodS data sets contain radar reflectivity and doppler velocity measurements. The D3R was developed by a government-industry-academic consortium with funding from NASA's Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Project. It operates at the ku (13.91 GHz ± 25 MHz) and ku (35.56 GHz ± 25 MHz) frequencies covering a fixed range from 450 m to 39.75 km. The GPM Ground Validation Dual-frequency Dual-polarized Doppler Radar (D3R) GCPEx dataset is available in netCDF format. Browse images are also available in .png format.

GPM Ground Validation Pluvio Precipitation Gauges OLYMPEX

The GPM Ground Validation Pluvio Precipitation Gauges OLYMPEX dataset contains one-minute precipitation rate and precipitation accumulation measurements, as well as start and end times of precipitation events, that were collected during the Olympic Mountain Experiment (OLYMPEX) field campaign on the Olympic Peninsula in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. A Pluvio 400 weighing bucket gauge created by OTT Hydromet in Kempten, Germany was used to collect data at three different sites: Neilton Point (apu04), Wynoochee Trailer (apu10), and Upper Quinault Enchanted Valley (apu30). Data were collected from October 31, 2015 through January 31, 2016, but exact dates vary by site. Data files are available in ASCII-tsv format.

TRMM Ground Validation Radar Site Rain Type Totals Map L3 1 month 2 km V7 (TRMM_3A54) at GES DISC

The 3A54 product, 'Site Rainfall Map', is a map of monthly surface rain totals derived from the instantaneous rain rate maps (2A53). The map is in Cartesian coordinates with a 2 km horizontal resolution and covers an area of 300km x 300km at single radar sites while the covered area varies for multiple radar sites - 724 km x 568 km at Texas site and 512 km x 704 km at Florida site. This monthly rainfall map is not a simple accumulation of the instantaneous maps as gaps in the data must be factored into the calculation. A key component of the TRMM project is the Ground Validation (GV) effort which consists of collecting data from ground-based radar, rain gauges and disdrometers. The data is quality-controlled, and then validation products are produced for comparison with TRMM satellite products. The four primary GV sites are: + Darwin, Australia; + Houston, Texas; + Kwajalein, Republic of the Marshall Islands; + Melbourne, Florida. A significant effort is also being supported at NASA Wallops Flight Facility (WFF) and vicinity to provide high quality, long-term measurements of rain rates (via a network of rain gauges collocated with National Weather Service gauges), as well as drop size distributions (DSD) using a variety of instruments, including impact-type Joss Waldvogel, laser-optical Parsivel, as well as two-dimensional video disdrometers. DSD measurements are also being collected at Melbourne and Kwajalein using Joss-Waldvogel disdrometers.

GPM GROUND VALIDATION TWO-DIMENSIONAL VIDEO DISDROMETER (2DVD) MC3E V1

The GPM Ground Validation Two-Dimensional Video Disdrometer (2DVD) MC3E dataset was collected during the Midlatitude Continental Convective Clouds Experiment (MC3E), which provides data on raindrop size and precipitation drop size distribution. The MC3E took place in central Oklahoma during the April-June 2011 period. The experiment was a collaborative effort between the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Climate Research Facility and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission Ground Validation (GV) program. The field campaign leveraged the unprecedented observing infrastructure currently available in the central United States, combined with an extensive sounding array, remote sensing and in situ aircraft observations, NASA GPM ground validation remote sensors, and new ARM instrumentation purchased with American Recovery and Reinvestment Act funding. The overarching goal was to provide the most complete characterization of convective cloud systems, precipitation, and the environment that has ever been obtained, providing constraints for model cumulus parameterizations and space-based rainfall retrieval algorithms over land that had never before been available.

GPM GROUND VALIDATION ENVIRONMENT CANADA (EC) PRECIPITATION OCCURRENCE SENSOR SYSTEM (POSS) GCPEX V1

The GPM Ground Validation Environment Canada (EC) Precipitation Occurrence Sensor System (POSS) GCPEx dataset is comprised of data gathered during the GPM Cold-season Precipitation Experiment (GCPEx), which took place in Ontario, Canada, January 15 - March 1, 2012. GCPEx addressed shortcomings in the GPM snowfall retrieval algorithm by collecting microphysical properties, associated remote sensing observations, and coordinated model simulations of precipitating snow. The POSS is a bi-static X-band Doppler radar designed by Environment Canada. The POSS measures a signal whose frequency is proportional to the particle Doppler velocity and whose amplitude is proportional to the particle scattering cross-section. Its measurements can be used to provide information regarding precipitation occurrence, type, rate, and raindrop size distribution.

GPM Ground Validation Conical Scanning Millimeter-wave Imaging Radiometer (CoSMIR) OLYMPEX V1

The GPM Ground Validation Conical Scanning Millimeter-wave Imaging Radiometer (CoSMIR) OLYMPEX dataset consists of brightness temperatures from 9 channels as measured by CoSMIR when flown on the NASA DC-8 aircraft during the Global Precipitation Mission (GPM) Olympic Mountains Experiment (OLYMPEX) campaign. CoSMIR is a conical and cross-track scanning radiometer with frequencies centered at 50.3, 52.8, 89.0, 165.5, 183.31+/-1, 183.31+/-3, and 183.31+/-7 GHz. Data files are available from November 5, 2015 thru December 19, 2015 in HDF-5 format, with browse imagery files in PNG format containing brightness temperature time series plots.

GPM GROUND VALIDATION CAMPAIGN REPORTS MC3E V1

The GPM Ground Validation Campaign Reports MC3E dataset consists of various reports filed by the scientists during the Midlatitude Continental Convective Clouds Experiment (MC3E) campaign. The overarching goal was to provide the most complete characterization of convective cloud systems, precipitation, and the environment that has ever been obtained, providing constraints for model cumulus parameterizations and space-based rainfall retrieval algorithms over land that had never before been available. Several of the reports are from the planning, test flights, and preparation. Included in this dataset are Mission Scientist, Mission Manager, Instrument Scientists, and Weather Forecasts. Many reports have additional information included as attachments.

GPM GROUND VALIDATION CONICAL SCANNING MILLIMETER-WAVE IMAGING RADIOMETER (COSMIR) IPHEx V1

The GPM Ground Validation Conical Scanning Millimeter-wave Imaging Radiometer (CoSMIR) IPHEx dataset consists of brightness temperatures from 9 channels as measured by the CoSMIR instrument onboard the NASA ER-2 aircraft during the Global Precipitation Mission (GPM) Integrated Precipitation and Hydrology Experiment (IPHEx) field campaign in North Carolina. The goal of IPHEx was to evaluate the accuracy of satellite precipitation measurements and use the collected data for hydrology models in the region. CoSMIR is a conical and cross-track scanning radiometer with frequencies centered at 50.3, 52.8, 89.0, 165.5, 183.31 ±1, 183.31±3, and 183.31±7 GHz. Data files are available from May 7, 2014 through June 14, 2014 in ASCII format, with browse images available in the postscript format.

GPM GROUND VALIDATION UND CITATION CLOUD MICROPHYSICS IPHEx V1

The University of North Dakota (UND) Cessna Citation aircraft, an in-situ platform for the IPHEx campaign, carried a suite of instruments for measurements of cloud microphysics, state of the atmosphere parameters, aerosols, three-dimensional winds and turbulence. The data are stored as a separate file for each flight, with a primary (*.iphex_ file containing both direct and derived parameters. Raw data files for each cloud instrument are also archived for investigators who wish to use their own processing software. Citation flight navigation data is also included in this dataset.

GPM Ground Validation NASA S-Band Dual Polarimetric (NPOL) Doppler Radar OLYMPEX V2

The GPM Ground Validation NASA S-Band Dual Polarimetric (NPOL) Doppler Radar OLYMPEX V2 dataset consists of rain rate, reflectivity, Doppler velocity, and other radar measurements obtained from the NPOL radar during the Global Precipitation Mission (GPM) Olympic Mountains Experiment (OLYMPEX) campaign. NPOL,developed by a research team from Wallops Flight Facility, is a fully transportable and self-contained S-band (10 cm), scanning dual-polarimetric Doppler research radar that was placed near the ocean on the Olympic Peninsula. Data files are available from November 5, 2015 thru January 15, 2016 in Universal Format (UF), with browse imagery files in PNG format containing corrected radar reflectivity, differential reflectivity, specific differential phase, differential phase, co-polar correlation, and Doppler velocity images.

GPM GROUND VALIDATION DUAL-FREQUENCY DUAL-POLARIZED DOPPLER RADAR (D3R) IFLOODS V1

The GPM Ground Validation Dual-frequency Dual-polarized Doppler Radar (D3R) IFloodS dataset contains radar reflectivity and doppler velocity measurements from the Iowa Flood Studies (IFloodS) campaign. This campaign aimed to improve satellite precipitation measurements for flood prediction by using ground measurements to improve satellite retrieval algorithms. The D3R was developed by a government-industry-academic consortium with funding from NASA's Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Project. It operates at the ku (13.91 GHz ± 25 MHz) and ka (35.56 GHz ± 25 MHz) frequencies covering a fixed range from 450 m to 39.75 km. The D3R IFloodS dataset is available from May 9, 2013 through June 13, 2013 in netCDF-3 format with corresponding browse imagery available in PNG format.