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Figure 7. Indopolystoma parvum n. gen. n in Indopolystoma n. gen. (Monogenea, Polystomatidae) with the description of three new species and reassignment of eight known Polystoma species from Asian frogs (Anura, Rhacophoridae)

Figure 7. Indopolystoma parvum n. gen. n. sp. from Zhangixalus omeimontis. Dorsal view of holotype. (A) A drawing; (B) A photograph. Scale bar: 1 mm.

Figure 5. Indopolystoma elongatum n. gen. n in Indopolystoma n. gen. (Monogenea, Polystomatidae) with the description of three new species and reassignment of eight known Polystoma species from Asian frogs (Anura, Rhacophoridae)

Figure 5. Indopolystoma elongatum n. gen. n. sp. from Zhangixalus arboreus. Ventral view of holotype. (A) A drawing; (B) A photograph. Scale bar: 1 mm.

Figure 4. Indopolystoma viridi n. gen. n in Indopolystoma n. gen. (Monogenea, Polystomatidae) with the description of three new species and reassignment of eight known Polystoma species from Asian frogs (Anura, Rhacophoridae)

Figure 4. Indopolystoma viridi n. gen. n. sp. from Zhangixalus viridis. Marginal hooklets from paratypes. (A) Marginal hooklet C1; (B) Marginal hooklet C8; (C) Marginal hooklets C2–C7. Scale bar: 20 µm.

Figure 3. Indopolystoma viridi n. gen. n in Indopolystoma n. gen. (Monogenea, Polystomatidae) with the description of three new species and reassignment of eight known Polystoma species from Asian frogs (Anura, Rhacophoridae)

Figure 3. Indopolystoma viridi n. gen. n. sp. from Zhangixalus viridis. Hamuli from holotype and paratypes. (A–A') Holotype; (B–H) Paratypes. Scale bar: 100 µm.

Figure 6. Indopolystoma elongatum n. gen. n in Indopolystoma n. gen. (Monogenea, Polystomatidae) with the description of three new species and reassignment of eight known Polystoma species from Asian frogs (Anura, Rhacophoridae)

Figure 6. Indopolystoma elongatum n. gen. n. sp. from Zhangixalus arboreus. Hamuli and marginal hooklets from holotype and paratypes. (A–A') Holotype; (A''–A''') Paratypes; (B) Marginal hooklet C1; (B') Marginal hooklet C3; (B'') Marginal hooklet C8. Scale bar: 100 µm (A–A'''), 20 µm (B–B'').

Figure 1 in Indopolystoma n. gen. (Monogenea, Polystomatidae) with the description of three new species and reassignment of eight known Polystoma species from Asian frogs (Anura, Rhacophoridae)

Figure 1. Bayesian tree for neobatrachian polystomes inferred from the analysis of four concatenated genes, namely 18S, 28S, COI and 12S. Numbers on nodes indicate Bayesian Posterior Probabilities. Indopolystoma spp. were regarded earlier as Polystoma spp. in Badets et al. [2] and Héritier et al. [22]. B. w. refers to Blommersia wittei and Z. s. to Zhangixalus smaragdinus. See also Table 1 for other host species. Scale bar represents 0.1 substitution/site.

Figure 8. Indopolystoma parvum n. gen. n in Indopolystoma n. gen. (Monogenea, Polystomatidae) with the description of three new species and reassignment of eight known Polystoma species from Asian frogs (Anura, Rhacophoridae)

Figure 8. Indopolystoma parvum n. gen. n. sp. from Zhangixalus omeimontis. Hamuli and marginal hooklets from holotype and paratype. (A–A') Holotype; (A''–A''') Paratype; (B) Marginal hooklet C1; (B') Marginal hooklet C2; (B'') Marginal hooklet C6 or C7. Scale bar: 100 µm (A–A'''), 20 µm (B–B'').

Figure 2. Indopolystoma viridi n. gen. n in Indopolystoma n. gen. (Monogenea, Polystomatidae) with the description of three new species and reassignment of eight known Polystoma species from Asian frogs (Anura, Rhacophoridae)

Figure 2. Indopolystoma viridi n. gen. n. sp. from Zhangixalus viridis. Dorsal view of holotype. (A) A drawing; (B) A photograph. Scale bar: 1 mm.

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Fig. 1 in First description of the breeding biology and behaviour of the near threatened northern sooty woodpecker Mulleripicus funebris (Valenciennes 1826) (Piciformes: Picidae) in Luzon Island, Philippines

Fig. 1 - Cavity nest excavated by the northern sooty woodpecker: a) nest entrance; b) nest contents. / Nido scavato dal picchio fuligginoso: a) ingresso del nido; b) contenuto del nido. (Photo: / Foto: Erwin S. Quijano, 29 May 2022).

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Fig. 2 in First description of the breeding biology and behaviour of the near threatened northern sooty woodpecker Mulleripicus funebris (Valenciennes 1826) (Piciformes: Picidae) in Luzon Island, Philippines

Fig. 2 - Contribution of male and female northern sooty woodpecker to different breeding activities in one full daylight observation period (06:00-18:00). Nest building and brooding efforts were expressed as proportions of time spent (%) from total observation hours whereas feeding and faecal sac removal as proportions of counts (%) from total number of incidences. / Contributo del maschio e della femmina di picchio fuligginoso alle diverse attività riproduttive durante un intero periodo di osservazione diurna (06:00-18:00). Lo sforzo per la costruzione del nido e la cova è stato espresso come proporzione del tempo trascorso (%) rispetto al totale delle ore di osservazione, mentre l'alimentazione e la rimozione delle sacche fecali come proporzione dei conteggi (%) rispetto al numero totale di incidenze.

FIG. 22 in Earthworms (Oligochaeta, Clitellata) of the Mitaraka range (French Guiana): commented checklist with description of one genus and eighteen species new to science

FIG. 22. — Guianodrilus corticolous Bartz & Decaëns n. sp.: A, external and lateral view of the anterior body (arrows indicate the end of clitellum and male and prostatic pore position); B, external and dorsal view of the anterior body (segment number indicate the end of clitellum); C, external and ventral view of the anterior body (arrows indicate the clitellum and male field); D, Internal view indicating the pair of prostates and male and prostatic pore; E, internal view indicating male and female strutures; F, detail of a calciferous gland after being extracted from the dissection. All images from the holotype; CG, calciferous gland; CL, clitellum; MP, male pore; PP, prostate pore; PG, prostatic gland; SP, spermathecae; TS, testes; OV, ovaries; CG, calciferous gland. Scale bars: A, 2 mm; B, D, 1 mm; e, 0.5 mm; F, 200 μm.

FIG. 17 in Earthworms (Oligochaeta, Clitellata) of the Mitaraka range (French Guiana): commented checklist with description of one genus and eighteen species new to science

FIG. 17. — Neogaster csuzdii Bartz & Decaëns n. sp.: A, external and lateral view of the anterior body (arrows indicate the clitellum position); B, external and ventral view of the anterior body (arrows indicate the clitellum male field); C, habitat preferences; D, microhabitat preferences. All images from the holotype; CL, clitellum; MF, male field; N, total number of specimens in the dataset. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIG. 21 in Earthworms (Oligochaeta, Clitellata) of the Mitaraka range (French Guiana): commented checklist with description of one genus and eighteen species new to science

FIG. 21. — Omodeoscolex tetraspermatheca Decaëns & Bartz n. sp.: A, external and lateral view of the anterior body (arrows indicate the clitellum position); B, external and ventral view of the anterior body (arrows indicate the clitellum male field); C, habitat preferences; D, microhabitat preferences. All images from the holotype; CL, clitellum; MF, male field; N, total number of specimens in the dataset. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIG. 16 in Earthworms (Oligochaeta, Clitellata) of the Mitaraka range (French Guiana): commented checklist with description of one genus and eighteen species new to science

FIG. 16. — Atatina albida Bartz & Decaëns n. sp.: A, external and lateral view of the anterior body (arrows indicate the clitellum and tubercula pubertatis positions); B, dorsal dissection showing anterior internal anatomy; C, detailed view of the dorsal dissection showing the calciferous glands; D, habitat preferences; E, microhabitat preferences. All images from the holotype, except C, (Paratype EW-MI15-0121); CG, calciferous glands; CL, clitellum; GZ, gizzard; IN, intestine; SV, seminal vesicles; TP, tubercula pubertatis; N, total number of specimens in the dataset. Scale bars: A, B, 2 mm; C, 1 mm.

FIG. 14 in Earthworms (Oligochaeta, Clitellata) of the Mitaraka range (French Guiana): commented checklist with description of one genus and eighteen species new to science

FIG. 14. — Martiodrilus (Maipure) alexi Bartz & Decaëns n. sp.: A, external and lateral view of the anterior body (arrows indicate the clitellum position); B, external and ventral view of the anterior body (arrows indicate the position of the tubercula pubertatis); C, dorsal dissection showing anterior internal anatomy; D, habitat preferences; E, microhabitat preferences. All images from the holotype; CL, clitellum; DV, dorsal vessel; GZ, gizzard; IN, intestine; SP, spermathecae; SV, seminal vesicles; TP, tubercula pubertatis; N, total number of specimens in the dataset.

FIG. 13 in Earthworms (Oligochaeta, Clitellata) of the Mitaraka range (French Guiana): commented checklist with description of one genus and eighteen species new to science

FIG. 13. — Martiodrilus (Maipure) mitaraka Decaëns & Bartz n. sp.: A, external and lateral view of the anterior body (arrows indicate the clitellum position); B, external and ventral view of the anterior body (arrows indicate the position of the tubercula pubertatis); C, dorsal dissection showing anterior internal anatomy; D, detail of anterior segments (external lateral view); E, habitat preferences; F, microhabitat preferences. All images from the holotype; CL, clitellum; GZ, gizzard; SP, spermathecae; SV, seminal vesicles; TF, tiphlosole; TP, tubercula pubertatis; N, total number of specimens in the dataset. Scale bars: A-C, 5 mm; D, 2.5 mm.

FIG. 11 in Earthworms (Oligochaeta, Clitellata) of the Mitaraka range (French Guiana): commented checklist with description of one genus and eighteen species new to science

FIG. 11. — Martiodrilus (Botaria) wayana Bartz & Decaëns n. sp.: A, external and lateral view of the anterior body (arrows indicate the clitellum position); B, external and ventral view of the anterior body (arrows indicate the position of the tubercula pubertatis); C, dorsal dissection showing anterior internal anatomy; D, Habitat preferences; E, microhabitat preferences. All images from the holotype; CL, clitellum; DV, dorsal vessel; GZ, gizzard; IN, intestine; SP, spermathecae; SV, seminal vesicles; TP, tubercula pubertatis; N, total number of specimens in the dataset. Scale bars: 5 mm.

FIG. 19 in Earthworms (Oligochaeta, Clitellata) of the Mitaraka range (French Guiana): commented checklist with description of one genus and eighteen species new to science

FIG. 19. — Omodeoscolex touroulti Decaëns & Bartz n. sp.: A, external and lateral view of the anterior body (arrows indicate the clitellum position); B, external and ventral view of the anterior body (arrows indicate the clitellum male field); C, habitat preferences; D, microhabitat preferences. All images from the holotype; CL, clitellum; MF, male field; N, total number of specimens in the dataset. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIG. 15 in Earthworms (Oligochaeta, Clitellata) of the Mitaraka range (French Guiana): commented checklist with description of one genus and eighteen species new to science

FIG. 15. — Urobenus guianomeridionalis Bartz & Decaëns n. sp.: A, external and lateral view of the anterior body (arrows indicate the clitellum position); B, external and ventral view of the anterior body (arrows indicate the position of the tubercula pubertatis); C, dorsal dissection showing anterior internal anatomy; D, habitat preferences; E, microhabitat preferences. All images from the holotype; CL, clitellum; GZ, gizzard; SP, spermathecae; SV, seminal vesicles; TF, typhlosole; TP, tubercula pubertatis; N, total number of specimens in the dataset. Scale bars: 2.5 mm.

FIG. 10 in Earthworms (Oligochaeta, Clitellata) of the Mitaraka range (French Guiana): commented checklist with description of one genus and eighteen species new to science

FIG. 10. — Martiodrilus (Botaria) tchoukouchipan Decaëns & Bartz n. sp.: A, external and lateral view of the anterior body (arrows indicate the clitellum position); B, external and ventral view of the anterior body (arrows indicate the position of the tubercula pubertatis); C, dorsal dissection showing anterior internal anatomy; D, habitat preferences; E, microhabitat preferences. All images from the holotype; CG, calciferous glands; CL, clitellum; GZ, gizzard; SP, spermathecae; SV, seminal vesicles; TF, typhlosole; TP, tubercula pubertatis; N, total number of specimens in the dataset. Scale bars: 5 mm.