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Figures 59-63 in Morphology analysis supports presence of more than one species in the "Euscorpius carpathicus" complex (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae)

Figures 59-63: Idealized trichobothrial patterns of external aspect of pedipalp patella. 59. Euscorpius balearicus. 60. E. tergestinus. 61. E. koschewnikowi. 62. E. carpathicus. 63. E. hadzii. et = external terminal, est = external subterminal, em = external median, esb = external suprabasal, eba = external basal-a, and eb = external basal; V = ventral.

Figure 46 in Morphology analysis supports presence of more than one species in the "Euscorpius carpathicus" complex (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae)

Figure 46: Statistical data for pedipalp patella trichobothrial counts of Euscorpius hadzii. See Fig. 12 for definition of terms.

Figures 25-33 in Morphology analysis supports presence of more than one species in the "Euscorpius carpathicus" complex (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae)

Figures 25-33: Euscorpius tergestinus, Osp, Slovenia. 25. Carapace, male. 26. Chela, male. 27. Chela, female. 28. Telson, lateral view, male. 29. Telson, ventral view, male. 30. Telson, lateral view, female. 31. Telson, ventral view, female. 32. Metasomal segment V, ventral view, male. 33. Pedipalp patella, dorsal view, female.

Figure 45 in Morphology analysis supports presence of more than one species in the "Euscorpius carpathicus" complex (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae)

Figure 45: Diagrammatic trichobothrial patterns of external aspect of pedipalp patella (partial) showing variability in position and number of trichobothria for Euscorpius hadzii. Numbers found in each series is situated right of each diagram. em = external median, eba = external basal-a, and eb = external basal.

Figures 36-44 in Morphology analysis supports presence of more than one species in the "Euscorpius carpathicus" complex (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae)

Figures 36-44: Euscorpius hadzii, Prokletije Mountains, Albania. 36. Carapace, male. 37. Chela, male. 38. Chela, female. 39. Telson, lateral view, male. 40. Telson, ventral view, male. 41. Telson, lateral view, female. 42. Telson, ventral view, female. 43. Metasomal segment V, ventral view, male. 44. Pedipalp patella, dorsal view, female.

Figure 34 in Morphology analysis supports presence of more than one species in the "Euscorpius carpathicus" complex (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae)

Figure 34: Statistical distribution of pedipalp patella ventral and external et trichobothrial series of Euscorpius tergestinus broken down into Caporiacco's subspecies from a western (southeastern France) to eastern (northern Italy and Slovenia) to southern (Croatia) direction. Note: the Trieste, Italy area is the type locality of E. tergestinus and the Slovenia/Croatia area populations were originally declared by Caporiacco as E. c. tergestinus as contrasted with his other subspecies. et = external terminal. See Fig. 12 for definitions of other terms.

Figures 13-21 in Morphology analysis supports presence of more than one species in the "Euscorpius carpathicus" complex (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae)

Figures 13-21: Euscorpius balearicus, Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Spain. Female, Puerto Alcudia, male, Soller. 13. Carapace, male. 14. Chela, male. 15. Chela, female. 16. Telson, lateral view, male. 17. Telson, ventral view, male. 18. Telson, lateral view, female. 19. Telson, ventral view, female. 20. Metasomal segment V, ventral view, male. 21. Pedipalp patella, dorsal view, female.

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◂Fig. 6 A molecular phylogeny of 56 systematically representative Peridiniaceae, including 42 accessions assignable to P. cinctum from various geographic regions. Maximum likelihood tree (– ln = 21,884.93), as inferred from a rRNA nucleotide alignment (1137 parsimony-informative sites) and with strain number information. Numbers on branches are ML bootstrap (above) and Bayesian support values (below) for the clusters (asterisks indicate maximal support values, values under 50 and 0.90, respectively, are not shown). Clades are indicated (CZE Czech Republic, E East, GER Germany, HET Heterocapsaceae, N North, PPE Protoperidiniaceae, POL Poland, rbn ribotype n, S South, SWE Sweden, UKR Ukraine, W West) in Bumps on the back: An unusual morphology in phylogenetically distinct Peridinium aff. cinctum (= Peridinium tuberosum; Peridiniales, Dinophyceae)

◂Fig. 6 A molecular phylogeny of 56 systematically representative Peridiniaceae, including 42 accessions assignable to P. cinctum from various geographic regions. Maximum likelihood tree (– ln = 21,884.93), as inferred from a rRNA nucleotide alignment (1137 parsimony-informative sites) and with strain number information. Numbers on branches are ML bootstrap (above) and Bayesian support values (below) for the clusters (asterisks indicate maximal support values, values under 50 and 0.90, respectively, are not shown). Clades are indicated (CZE Czech Republic, E East, GER Germany, HET Heterocapsaceae, N North, PPE Protoperidiniaceae, POL Poland, rbn ribotype n, S South, SWE Sweden, UKR Ukraine, W West)

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2021View details →

◂Fig. 4 A molecular tree of 51 systematically representative Peridiniaceae, including all 28 accessions assignable to P. volzii. Maximum Likelihood tree (–ln = 22,017.62), as inferred from a rRNA nucleotide alignment (1,129 parsimony-informative sites) and with strain number information. Numbers on branches are ML bootstrap (above) and Bayesian support values (below) for the clusters (asterisks indicate maximal support values, values under 50 and 0.90, respectively, are not shown). Clades are indicated (abbreviations: HET, Heterocapsaceae; PPE, Protoperidiniaceae) in Morphological and molecular variability of Peridinium volzii Lemmerm. (Peridiniaceae, Dinophyceae) and its relevance for infraspecific taxonomy

◂Fig. 4 A molecular tree of 51 systematically representative Peridiniaceae, including all 28 accessions assignable to P. volzii. Maximum Likelihood tree (–ln = 22,017.62), as inferred from a rRNA nucleotide alignment (1,129 parsimony-informative sites) and with strain number information. Numbers on branches are ML bootstrap (above) and Bayesian support values (below) for the clusters (asterisks indicate maximal support values, values under 50 and 0.90, respectively, are not shown). Clades are indicated (abbreviations: HET, Heterocapsaceae; PPE, Protoperidiniaceae)

Fig. 7 in Simulation modelling as a decision support in developing a sterile insect-inherited sterility release strategy for Eldana saccharina (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Fig. 7. The average Eldana saccharina larval infestation with the passage of time simulated for the SIT/IS pilot site near the Eston area of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa with weekly releases commencing only in fields of age at most 6 mo at the start of the release. Time, t, is measured in days. The density, e/100s, is the number of borers, e, per 100 stalks of sugarcane. The graph shows that the average infestation level in the second yr of the control program is substantially reduced.

Fig. 5 in Simulation modelling as a decision support in developing a sterile insect-inherited sterility release strategy for Eldana saccharina (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Fig. 5. The discretization of the spatial domain. On the lef a typical sugarcane field layout is illustrated with different colors representing crop age, and on the right the discretized domain corresponding to the area within the red square. This was done by transforming the spatial information obtained from the shapefiles to a matrix data structure in Matlab containing the entries '0', '1' and '2' denoting non-sugarcane patches, patches inside a field and edge patches, respectively. In the right half of the figure these data are represented by white, blue and green, respectively.

Fig. 4. A in Simulation modelling as a decision support in developing a sterile insect-inherited sterility release strategy for Eldana saccharina (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Fig. 4. A model representing sugarcane dynamics as currently implemented in the simulation tool for the field application of a SIT/IS strategy against Eldana saccharina in sugarcane.

Fig. 3 in Simulation modelling as a decision support in developing a sterile insect-inherited sterility release strategy for Eldana saccharina (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Fig. 3. The Eldana saccharina module developed in this study. The module describes the dynamics of all E. saccharina life stages under the influence of the SIT/IS technique. Other control measures may also be included, and are currently under investigation.

Fig. 6 in Simulation modelling as a decision support in developing a sterile insect-inherited sterility release strategy for Eldana saccharina (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Fig. 6. The graphical user interface designed for the SIT/IS simulation tool for the field application of a SIT/IS strategy against Eldana saccharina in sugarcane. The initial infestation, e/100s, is the number of borers per 100 stalks of sugarcane.

Fig. 2 in Simulation modelling as a decision support in developing a sterile insect-inherited sterility release strategy for Eldana saccharina (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Fig. 2. The pest species subsystem which may include all the important pest species in South African sugarcane.The total damage caused by the various pest species may be estimated by such a system. Currently, only the Eldana saccharina module has been developed.

Fig. 9. A in Simulation modelling as a decision support in developing a sterile insect-inherited sterility release strategy for Eldana saccharina (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Fig. 9. A spatial overview of the Eldana saccharina larval infestation at the end of a 24 mo simulation of a SIT/IS program at the pilot site near the Eston area of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The colors indicate infestation levels measured in e/100 stalks, i.e., number of borers per 100 stalks of sugarcane. The fields colored in dark blue in the top right corner are aged 0, 1 and 2 mo, and they were harvested just before the end of the simulation; therefore the infestation levels are still low and this is before the commencement of releases of irradiated adult moths.

Fig. 13 in Fig. 5 in Fig. 2 in An Updated Checklist of Sea Slugs (Gastropoda, Heterobranchia) from Hong Kong Supported by Citizen Science.

Fig. 13. Austruca albimana (Kossmann, 1877), SEM images of the telson of zoea II; a) at magnification 6000×; b) at magnification 10000×.

Fig. 15 in Fig. 5 in Fig. 2 in An Updated Checklist of Sea Slugs (Gastropoda, Heterobranchia) from Hong Kong Supported by Citizen Science.

Fig. 15. Austruca albimana (Kossmann, 1877), SEM images of the telson of zoea IV at magnification 40000×.

Fig. 10 in Fig. 5 in Fig. 2 in An Updated Checklist of Sea Slugs (Gastropoda, Heterobranchia) from Hong Kong Supported by Citizen Science.

Fig. 10. Austruca albimana (Kossmann, 1877), dorsal view of pleon: a) zoea I; b) zoea II; c) zoea III; d) zoea IV; e) fork of the telson of zoea IV; dorsal view of pleon: e) megalopa.

Fig. 9 in Fig. 5 in Fig. 2 in An Updated Checklist of Sea Slugs (Gastropoda, Heterobranchia) from Hong Kong Supported by Citizen Science.

Fig. 9. Austruca albimana (Kossmann, 1877), second maxilliped: a) zoea I; b) zoea II; c) zoea III; d) zoea IV; e) megalopa; f) third maxilliped of zoea IV; g) third maxilliped of megalopa.