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FIGURE 13. A–B in Key for identification of Cladocera of the subfamily Aloninae (Anomopoda: Chydoridae) from South-East Asia

FIGURE 13. A–B, Leydigiopsis pulchra Van Damme & Sinev, 2013. A, lateral view. B, postabdomen. C–G. Magnaspina siamensis (Sinev & Sanoamuang, 2007). C, lateral view. D, posteroventral corner of valves. E, head pores. F, postabdomen. G, IDL and ODL of limb I. H–K, Matralona freyi (Idris & Fernando, 1981). H, lateral view. I, labrum. J, postabdomen. K, IDL and ODL of limb I. (A–B—from Van Damme & Sinev (2013); C–G, from Sinev & Sanoamuang (2007), H–K, from Sinev & Kotov (2012)).

FIGURE 7. A–C in Key for identification of Cladocera of the subfamily Aloninae (Anomopoda: Chydoridae) from South-East Asia

FIGURE 7. A–C, Anthalona milleri (Kiser, 1948). A, head pores. B, postabdomen. C, IDL setae of limb I. D–H. Antalona sanoamuangae Sinev & Kotov, 2012. D, lateral view. E, head pores. F, labrum. G, postabdomen. H, IDL and ODL of limb I. I– M. Anthalona spinifera Tiang-nga, Sinev & Sanoamuang, 2016. I, lateral view. J, head pores. K, labrum. L, postabdomen. M, IDL and ODL of limb I. (A–C, after Van Damme (2016); D–H, from Sinev & Kotov (2012); I–M, from Tiang-nga et al. (2016)).

FIGURE 9. A–D in Key for identification of Cladocera of the subfamily Aloninae (Anomopoda: Chydoridae) from South-East Asia

FIGURE 9. A–D. Coronatella acuticostata (Sars, 1903). A, lateral view. B, posteroventral corner of valves. C, postabdomen. D, IDL and ODL of limb I. E–H. Coronatella rectangula (Sars, 1862). E, lateral view. F, head pores. G, postabdomen. H, IDL of limb I. I–L, Coronatella trachystriata (Chen, Zhang & Liu, 1994). I, lateral view. J, head pores. K, postabdomen. L, IDL and ODL of limb I. M–O, Coronatella sp. M, lateral view. N, postabdomen. O, IDL and ODL of limb I. (A–D, from Sinev & Yusoff, 2015; E–H, orig.; I–L, from Sinev et al (2015); M–O, from Sinev & Kotov (2012)).

FIGURE 6. A–D in Key for identification of Cladocera of the subfamily Aloninae (Anomopoda: Chydoridae) from South-East Asia

FIGURE 6. A–D, Alona guttata Sars, 1862. A, lateral view. B, head pores. C, postabdomen. D, IDL and ODL of limb I. E–H, Alona intermedia Sars, 1862. E, lateral view. F, head pores. G, postabdomen. H, IDL of limb I. I–M, Antalona harti harti Van Damme, Sinev & Dumont, 2011. I, lateral view. J, head pores. K, labrum. L, postabdomen. M, IDL and ODL of limb I. N–R, Antalona obtusa Van Damme, Sinev & Dumont, 2011. N, lateral view. O, head pores. P, labrum. Q, postabdomen. R, IDL of limb I. (A–H—orig., I–M—from Sinev & Kotov (2012); N–R— after Van Damme et al. (2011)).

FIGURE 8. A–C in Key for identification of Cladocera of the subfamily Aloninae (Anomopoda: Chydoridae) from South-East Asia

FIGURE 8. A–C. Armatalona macrocopa (Sars, 1894). A, lateral view. B, postabdomen. C, antenna. D–F, Camptocercus vietnamensis Thanh, 1980. D, lateral view. E, postabdomen. F, postanal margin of postabdomen. G–H, Camptocercus uncinatus Smirnov, 1971. G, postabdomen. H, postanal margin of postabdomen. I–L, Celsinotum macronyx (Daday, 1898). I, lateral view. J, head pores. K, postabdomen. L, antenna. (A–C, from Sinev et al., 2007; D–F, from Sinev, 2011; G–H, from Sinev (2014); I– L, from Sinev & Kotov (2012)).

FIGURE 5. A–D in Key for identification of Cladocera of the subfamily Aloninae (Anomopoda: Chydoridae) from South-East Asia

FIGURE 5. A–D, Acroperus africanus Neretina & Kotov, 2015. A, lateral view. B, posteroventral corner of valves. C, postabdomen. D, antenna. E, Acroperus harpae (Baird, 1834), antenna. F–I, Alona affinis (Leydig, 1860) s. lato. F, lateral view. G, head pores. H, postabdomen. I, IDL and ODL of limb I. J–M. Alona kotovi Sinev, 2012. J, lateral view. K, head pores. L, postabdomen. M, IDL and ODL of limb I. (A–D, F–I—orig.; E—from Sinev (2009b); J–M—from Sinev (2012))

FIGURE 25 in Definition of families, subfamilies, genera and subgenera of the Eutardigrada, and keys to their identification

FIGURE 25. Pillar-like structures of the cuticle; claws and bucco-pharyngeal apparatus of Murrayidae. A, cuticle; B, claws of Murrayon; C, claws of Dactylobiotus; D, claws of Macroversum; E, bucco-pharyngeal apparatus of Murrayon (variant of the Macrobiotus type). (B, C, from Bertolani & Pilato,1988; D, from Pilato & Catanzaro, 1988).

FIGURE 24 in Definition of families, subfamilies, genera and subgenera of the Eutardigrada, and keys to their identification

FIGURE 24. Claws and bucco-pharyngeal apparatuses of Microhypsibiidae. A, claws; B, bucco-pharyngeal apparatus of Microhypsibius; C, D, bucco-pharyngeal apparatus of Fractonotus (C, in dorsal view; D, in lateral view). ap = accessory points; bs = basal section; cp = caudal processes; da = dorsal apophysis; dlt = dorsal longitudinal thickening; pb = primary branch; sb = secondary branch: va = ventral apophyses. (from Pilato, 1998).

FIGURE 23 in Definition of families, subfamilies, genera and subgenera of the Eutardigrada, and keys to their identification

FIGURE 23. Bucco-pharyngeal apparatuses of the Biserovus model, Biserovus type: A, of Biserovus; B, of Minilentus; C, of Insuetifurca. pl = peribuccal lamellae; pp = peribuccal papulae; stf = stylet furcae. (C, from Guidetti & Pilato, 2003).

FIGURE 22 in Definition of families, subfamilies, genera and subgenera of the Eutardigrada, and keys to their identification

FIGURE 22. Bucco-pharyngeal apparatuses of the Macrobiotus model. A, Adorybiotus type; B, Richtersius type; C, D, Macrobiotus type, Minibiotus variant (C, in lateral view; D, in ventral view). v = peribuccal velum. (A, B, from Pilato & Binda,1987b; C, from Pilato et al., 2003).

FIGURE 21 in Definition of families, subfamilies, genera and subgenera of the Eutardigrada, and keys to their identification

FIGURE 21. Bucco-pharyngeal apparatuses of the Macrobiotus model, Macrobiotus type. A, of Macrobiotus; B, of Famelobiotus; C, of Paramacrobiotus. tr = transverse ridges; tr1 = anterior system of transverse ridges; tr2 = posterior system of transverse ridges. (A, from Pilato & Binda 1983b; B, from Pilato & Lisi, 2004a; C, from Binda & Pilato, 2001).

FIGURE 26 in Definition of families, subfamilies, genera and subgenera of the Eutardigrada, and keys to their identification

FIGURE 26. Claws and bucco-pharyngeal apparatuses of Necopinatidae. A, claws of Necopinatum; B, C, buccopharyngeal apparatus of the Apodibius type (B, in lateral view; C, in ventral view); D, E, bucco-pharyngeal apparatus of the Necopinatum type (D, in lateral view; E, in ventral view). (A, from Pilato, 1971a; B, from Binda, 1984). dtht = dorsal thickening of the buccal tube; sp = sagittal plane.

FIGURE 20 in Definition of families, subfamilies, genera and subgenera of the Eutardigrada, and keys to their identification

FIGURE 20. Claws of Macrobiotidae. A, B: Calcarobiotus type (A, of Calcarobiotus; B, of Schusterius); C, D, Macrobiotus (or hufelandi) type (C, of Macrobiotus; D, of Insuetifurca); E, Xerobiotus type (E, of Xerobiotus; F, of Biserovus). (B, from Kaczmarek & Michalczyk, 2006; C, from Binda & Rebecchi, 1992; E, from Binda & Pilato, 1971; F, from Guidetti & Pilato, 2003).

FIGURE 19 in Definition of families, subfamilies, genera and subgenera of the Eutardigrada, and keys to their identification

FIGURE 19. Bucco-pharyngeal apparatuses of the Itaquasconinae model: A, Parascon type; B, C, Mesocrista type (B, in dorsal view; C, in lateral view); D, Platicrista type; E, Itaquascon type; F, Astatumen type. cp = caudal processes; sts = stylet supports. (A, from Pilato & Binda, 1987a; B,C,D, from Pilato, 1987; E, from Pilato & Binda, 1987a; F, from Pilato, 1969c).

FIGURE 18 in Definition of families, subfamilies, genera and subgenera of the Eutardigrada, and keys to their identification

FIGURE 18. Bucco-pharyngeal apparatuses of the Itaquasconinae model, Diphascon type. A, B, Diphascon variant (A, Diphascon (Adropion). B, Diphascon (Diphascon)). C, D, Hebesuncus variant (C, in lateral view. D, in dorsal view). da = dorsal apophysis; tth = buccal tube thickening; stf = stylet furcae; va = ventral apophysis. (A, from Pilato & Binda, 1983b; B, C, D, from Pilato, 1987).

FIGURE 17 in Definition of families, subfamilies, genera and subgenera of the Eutardigrada, and keys to their identification

FIGURE 17. Claws of Hypsibiidae and bucco-pharyngeal apparatuses of the Itaquasconinae model. A, buccopharyngeal apparatus of the Paradiphascon type in lateral view; B, claws of Paradiphascon; C, bucco-pharyngeal apparatus of the same genus on ventral view; D, bucco-pharyngeal apparatus of the Bindius variant (variant of the Diphascon type) in lateral view. cb = cuticular bar; da = dorsal apophyses; lu = lunula; tth = buccal tube thickening; va = ventral apophysis. (A, from Pilato & Binda,1996b; B, from Dastych 1992; C, from Pilato & Binda,1996b; D, from Pilato, 2009).

FIGURE 16 in Definition of families, subfamilies, genera and subgenera of the Eutardigrada, and keys to their identification

FIGURE 16. Bucco-pharyngeal apparatuses of the Hypsibiinae model, Borealibius type. A, in dorsal view; B, in lateral view. (From Pilato et al., 2006).

FIGURE 14 in Definition of families, subfamilies, genera and subgenera of the Eutardigrada, and keys to their identification

FIGURE 14. Claws and bucco-pharygeal apparatus of the Ramajendas variant (variant of the Isohypsibius type). A, claws; B, bucco-pharyngeal apparatus on dorsal view; C, bucco-pharyngeal apparatus on lateral view. (From Pilato & Binda, 1990).

FIGURE 13 in Definition of families, subfamilies, genera and subgenera of the Eutardigrada, and keys to their identification

FIGURE 13. Va ria nts of bucco-pharyngeal apparatuses of the Hypsibiinae model, Isohypsibius type. A, Thulinius variant; B, Pseudobiotus variant. (B, from Pilato, 1971)

FIGURE 15. A–C in Definition of families, subfamilies, genera and subgenera of the Eutardigrada, and keys to their identification

FIGURE 15. A–C: Variants of bucco-pharyngeal apparatuses of the Hypsibiinae model, Hypsibius type. A, Halobiotus variant; B, Acutuncus variant; C, Ramazzottius variant; D, bucco-pharyngeal apparatus of the Hypsibiinae model, Mixibius type. da = dorsal apophysis; dlt = dorsal longitudinal thickening; va = ventral apophysis; vlt = ventral longitudinal thickening. (A, from Pilato & Binda, 1996b; B, from Pilato & Binda 1997; C, from Binda & Pilato, 1986; D, from Pilato, 1992).