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3,139 results for “fitting”
Data S2. CMR data from: Measuring the fitness advantage conferred by autotomy in the wild
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Dietary Restriction Improves Fitness of Aging Parents But Reduces Fitness of Their Offspring in Nematodes
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Individual heterogeneity in fitness in a long‐lived herbivore
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The role of environmental variation in mediating fitness tradeoffs for an amphibian polyphenism
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Failed despots and the equitable distribution of fitness in a subsidized species
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Strong selective environments determine evolutionary outcome in time-dependent fitness seascapes
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Microsporidian parasite impairs colony fitness in bumblebees
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Data from: Soil microbes generate stronger fitness differences than stabilization among California annual plants
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Data from: The leading edge matters too: fitness and the expression of adaptive differentiation are greatest at the high-elevation edge of a species range
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Transcriptome assemblies associated with: A cnidarian phylogenomic tree fitted with hundreds of 18S leaves
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Data for: Mobbing for matings: dynamics, plumage correlates, and fitness impacts of conspicuous group extra-pair behaviors in the lark bunting
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Phenology, growth, and fitness of Arabidopsis under ambient and elevated CO2 and in the presence/absence of competitors: Arabidopsis BioCON evolutionary study
We know a lot about the potential ecological effects of increasing concentrations to atmospheric CO2; however, we know relatively little about whether increased concentrations will also affect evolution. In collaboration with Jennifer Lau (KBS and Michigan State University), Peter Reich (U of MN Forestry) and Ruth Shaw (U of MN EEB) we are using a combination traditional quantitative genetic and QTL approaches to determine the effect elevated CO2 has on; patterns of selection, responses to selection, and the genetic basis of phenotypic variation.
Phenology, growth, and fitness of Arabidopsis under ambient and elevated CO2: Arabidopsis BioCON evolutionary study
We know a lot about the potential ecological effects of increasing concentrations to atmospheric CO2; however, we know relatively little about whether increased concentrations will also affect evolution. In collaboration with Jennifer Lau (KBS and Michigan State University), Peter Reich (U of MN Forestry) and Ruth Shaw (U of MN EEB) we are using a combination traditional quantitative genetic and QTL approaches to determine the effect elevated CO2 has on; patterns of selection, responses to selection, and the genetic basis of phenotypic variation.
Summer aridity rather than management shapes fitness-related functional traits of the threatened mountain plant Arnica montana
<p>Semi-natural mountain grasslands are increasingly exposed to environmental stress under climate change. However, which are the environmental factors that limit plants in these grasslands? Also, is the present management effective against these changes? Fitness-related functional traits may offer a way to detect changes in performance and provide new insights into their vulnerability to climate change. We investigated changes in performance and variability of functional traits of the mountain grassland target species <em>Arnica montana</em> along a climate gradient in Central German low mountain ranges. This gradient represents at its lower end climate conditions that are expected at its upper end under future climate change. We measured vegetative, generative and physiological traits to account for multiple ways of plant response to the environment. Using mixed effects and multivariate models, we evaluated changes in trait values among individuals as well as the variability of their populations in order to assess performance under changing summer aridity and different management regimes.</p> <p>Fitness-related performance of most traits showed strongly positive associations with reduced summer aridity at higher elevations, while only specific leaf area and leaf dry matter content showed no association. This suggests a higher performance level at less arid montane sites and that the physiological traits are less sensitive to this climate change factor. The coefficient of variation of almost all traits declined steadily with decreasing site aridity. We suggest that this reduced variability indicates a lower environmental stress level for <em>A. montana</em> towards its environmental optimum at montane elevations, especially because the trait performance increased simultaneously. Surprisingly, management factors and habitat characteristics had only low influence on both trait performance and variability. In summary, summer aridity had a stronger effect to shape the trait performance and variability of <em>A. montana</em> under increased environmental stress than management and other habitat characteristics.</p>
Supplementary material 2 from: Chapman AD, Belbin L, Zermoglio PF, Wieczorek J, Morris PJ, Nicholls M, Rees ER, Veiga AK, Thompson A, Saraiva AM, James SA, Gendreau C, Benson A, Schigel D (2020) Developing Standards for Improved Data Quality and for Selecting Fit for Use Biodiversity Data. Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 4: e50889. https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.4.50889
Use cases were collected using a number of methods to maximise responses. Lead authors of papers published using data accessed via the Atlas of Living Australia (ALA) were contacted and asked to contribute their research data use cases, and a number of papers describing fitness for use determination were sent to the ALA Data Quality group. Fitness for use and quality check information from these papers were extracted and transferred to the use case library. These are the results of those surveys.
Supplementary material 4 from: Chapman AD, Belbin L, Zermoglio PF, Wieczorek J, Morris PJ, Nicholls M, Rees ER, Veiga AK, Thompson A, Saraiva AM, James SA, Gendreau C, Benson A, Schigel D (2020) Developing Standards for Improved Data Quality and for Selecting Fit for Use Biodiversity Data. Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 4: e50889. https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.4.50889
Description and specifications for the tests following the conventions of the Fitness For Use Framework. This supplement is a copy of https://github.com/tdwg/bdq/blob/master/tg2/core/TG2_tests.csv as of commit 941e774 2019-Aug-20.
Supplementary material 3 from: Chapman AD, Belbin L, Zermoglio PF, Wieczorek J, Morris PJ, Nicholls M, Rees ER, Veiga AK, Thompson A, Saraiva AM, James SA, Gendreau C, Benson A, Schigel D (2020) Developing Standards for Improved Data Quality and for Selecting Fit for Use Biodiversity Data. Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 4: e50889. https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.4.50889
Counts of occurrence records in 2019-04-15 snapshot of GBIF-mediated data that fit the three categories of expected responses for each of the event date-related validation tests.
Supplementary material 1 from: Chapman AD, Belbin L, Zermoglio PF, Wieczorek J, Morris PJ, Nicholls M, Rees ER, Veiga AK, Thompson A, Saraiva AM, James SA, Gendreau C, Benson A, Schigel D (2020) Developing Standards for Improved Data Quality and for Selecting Fit for Use Biodiversity Data. Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 4: e50889. https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.4.50889
Vocabulary of Terms used for the TDWG Task Group on Data Quality Tests and Assertions, plus key additional terms from the Use Case Study. Ther terms are consistent with the terms used in the Fitness for Use Framework (Veiga et al. 2017)
Date from: Top-down effects from parasitoids may mediate plant defense and plant fitness
<ol> <li>Plants face many environmental stresses that can impact the<span>ir </span><span><span>survival</span></span><span>, developm</span>ent, and fitness. Insects are the most diverse, abundant and threatening herbivores in nature. As a consequence, plants produce direct chemical and physical defenses to reduce herbivory. They also release volatiles to recruit natural enemies that indirectly protect them from herbivory. The recruitment of parasitic wasps can benefit plant fitness because they ultimately kill their insect hosts.</li> <li>Recently, studies showed that parasitoids can indirectly mediate plant defenses by modulating herbivore oral secretions. In addition to the direct benefits of parasitoids in terms of reducing herbivore survival, we tested if the reduction in induced defenses by parasitized caterpillars compared to non-parasitized caterpillars may reduce the costs associated with defense expression.</li> <li>We provide evidence that tomato plants treated with saliva from parasitized caterpillars have significantly higher fitness parameters including increased flower numbers (16.3%) and heavier fruit weight (15%), compared to plants treated with saliva from non-parasitized caterpillars. Since plants were grown without actual herbivores, the higher values for these fitness parameters were due to lower costs of induced defenses and not due to reduced herbivory by parasitized caterpillars. Furthermore, the resulting seed germination time was shorter and the germination rate was higher when the maternal plants were previously exposed to parasitized herbivore treatment compared to control (non-treated) plants.</li> <li>Overall, application of saliva did not result in transgenerational priming of offspring defense responses. However, offspring of parents exposed to caterpillar saliva had lower constitutive levels and higher induced levels of trypsin inhibitor than offspring from unexposed parents.</li> <li>This study shows that the saliva of parasitized caterpillars can modulate plant defenses and further demonstrates that the lower induction of plant defenses is associated with elevated plant fitnes<span>s </span><span><span>in the absence of herbivore feeding</span></span><span>, sugge</span>sting that induced plant defenses are costly. </li> </ol>
Data from: Parasite infections in a social carnivore: evidence of their fitness consequences and factors modulating infection load
There are substantial individual differences in parasite composition and infection load in wildlife populations. Few studies have investigated the factors shaping this heterogeneity in large wild mammals or the impact of parasite infections on Darwinian fitness, particularly in juveniles. A host's parasite composition and infection load can be shaped by factors that determine contact with infective parasite stages and those that determine the host's resistance to infection, such as abiotic and social environmental factors, and age. Host-parasite interactions and synergies between co-infecting parasites may also be important. We test predictions derived from these different processes to investigate factors shaping infection loads (faecal egg/oocyte load) of two energetically costly gastrointestinal parasites: the hookworm Ancylostoma and the intracellular Cystoisospora, in juvenile spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta) in the Serengeti National Park, in Tanzania. We also assess whether parasite infections curtail survival to adulthood and longevity. Ancylostoma and Cystoisospora infection loads declined as the number of adult clan members increased, a result consistent with an encounter-reduction effect whereby adults reduced encounters between juveniles and infective larvae, but were not affected by the number of juveniles in a clan. Infection loads decreased with age, possibly because active immune responses to infection improved with age. Differences in parasite load between clans possibly indicate variation in abiotic environmental factors between clan den sites. The survival of juveniles (< 365 days old) to adulthood decreased with Ancylostoma load, increased with age and was modulated by maternal social status. High-ranking individuals with low Ancylostoma loads had a higher survivorship during the first four years of life than high-ranking individuals with high Ancylostoma loads. These findings suggest that high infection loads with energetically costly parasites such as hookworms during early life can have negative fitness consequences.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.