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2,281 results for “laboratories”
Spatial and temporal characteristics of laboratory-induced Anopheles coluzzii swarms: shape, structure and flight kinematics
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Data from: A novel laboratory method to simulate climatic stress with successful application to experiments with medically relevant ticks
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High thermal tolerance in high elevation species and laboratory-reared colonies of tropical bumble bees
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Data from: Invasion dynamics of Wolbachia bacteria in laboratory populations of the wasp, Trichomalopsis sarcophagae (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae)
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Laboratory-based hyperspectral visible near-infrared reflectance spectral dataset of soil samples across a range of surface orientations
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Laboratory measurements of nitrous oxide production rates in agricultural soils from Lancaster, PA, estuarine sediments from the Scheldt Estuary Belgium/Netherlands, and estuarine soils from the Delaware River NJ under gradients of physicochemical perturbation
A set of experiments was performed to test 1) how various physicochemical perturbations (salinity, zinc, temperature, soil moisture, and pH) influenced denitrification and nitrous oxide production on short timescales (<1 day) in agricultural soils from Lancaster, PA, USA, 2) how variation in a single parameter (salinity) influenced rates of denitrification and nitrous oxide production in sediments that experience a range in that parameter (tidal freshwater, oligohaline, and mesohaline estuarine sediments from the Scheldt River estuary Belgium/Netherlands) on short timescales (< 1 day), and 3) how denitrification and nitrous oxide production along with key functional gene expression in tidal freshwater estuarine soils from the Delaware River, NJ, USA responded to a long-term (6 month) change in a single parameter (salinity) in a press experiment with subsequent short-term (< 1 day) pulses. In the final long-term experiment, nitrite reductase (nirS) and nitrous oxide reductase (nosZ) gene expression were also measured at three timepoints (days 7, 35, and 110).
Temporal variation in plant-pollinator interactions, Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory, CO, USA, 2013 - 2015
These datafiles contain the plant-pollinator interaction data collected by Paul CaraDonna et al. at the Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory in Gothic, CO, USA during the 2013, 2014 and 2015 growing season. These data were collected to investigate temporal variation in plant-pollinator interactions; specifically, these data were collected in a manner to allow for the construction of weekly plant-pollinator interaction networks in order to investigate fine scale temporal variation in plant-pollinator interactions. The data represent extensive community-wide field observations of animal pollinators visiting flowering plants in a subalpine ecosystem for the majority of the summer growing season (May–September).
Effects of Plant Removal on Mineralization Rates at the Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory, Gunnison County, Colorado: 2018
The loss of aboveground plant diversity alters belowground ecosystem function; yet, the mechanisms underpinning this relationship and the degree to which plant community structure and climate mediate the effects of plant species loss remain unclear. Here, we explored how plant species loss through experimental removal shaped belowground function in ecosystems characterized by different climatic regimes and edaphic properties. We measured plant community composition as well as potential carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) mineralization through laboratory soil incubations and microbial extracellular enzyme activity in soils collected from four unique plant removal experiments located along an elevational gradient in Colorado, USA, during the summer of 2018. We found that regardless of the identity of the removed species or the climate at each site plant removal decreased the absolute variation in potential N-mineralization rates and marginally reduced the magnitude of N-mineralization rates. While plant species removal also marginally reduced C-mineralization rates, C-mineralization, unlike N-mineralization, displayed sensitivity to the climatic and edaphic differences among sites, where C-mineralization was greatest at the high elevation site that receives the most precipitation annually and contains the largest soil total C pools. Plant removal had little impact on soil enzyme activity. Removal effects were not contingent on the amount of biomass removed annually, and shifts in mineralization rates occurred despite only marginal shifts in plant community structure following plant species removal. Our results present a surprisingly simple and consistent pattern of belowground response to the loss of dominant plant species across an elevational gradient with different climatic and edaphic properties, suggesting a common response of belowground ecosystem function to plant species loss regardless of which plant species are lost or the broader climatic context.
The effects of nitrogen and warming on inorganic nitrogen pool and production rates in arctic and boreal ecosystems: inorganic nitrogen transformation during a 3-month laboratory incubation
We incubated (2006) northern Alaskan soils (boreal and tundra) at two temperatures (5 degC and 15 degC) and two levels of nitrogen addition (with and without) to directly test for nitrogen limitation of inorganic nitrogen production rate and explore the interaction between temperature and nitrogen limitation. Over the 3-month laboratory incubation, we measured initial extratable inorganic nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen production rates from organic and mineral soils from four different ecosystem types (boreal burned, boreal unburned, moist acidic, moist non-acidic). To charactarize the soils, we also measured total C, total N, microbial biomass, isotopes values (delta 13, delta14), total free amino acid, and total soluble protein.
The effects of nitrogen and warming on soil respiration in arctic and boreal ecosystems: microbial respiration during a 924-day laboratory incubation
We incubated (2006-2009) northern Alaskan soils (boreal and tundra) at two temperatures (5 degC and 15 degC) and two levels of nitrogen addition (with and without) to directly test for nitrogen limitation of soil organic matter decomposition and explore the interaction between temperature and nitrogen limitation. Over the 924-day laboratory incubation, we measured microbial respiration from organic and mineral soils from four different ecosystem types (boreal burned, boreal unburned, moist acidic, moist non-acidic).
Habitat suitability and the distribution of species: Polygonatum biflorum demography data from the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory from 1998 to 2006
Metapopulation theory posits that suitable habitat may frequently be unoccupied because it is isolated and has never been colonized or has been colonized followed by local extinction and has not yet been recolonized. This research addresses the question of how to identify suitable, unoccupied habitat and distinguish it from unsuitable habitat. We are studying a group of six species of forest understory herbs chosen to represent a broad range of habitat distribution and dispersal characteristics. Our aim is to quantify the fundamental niche of these species (sensu Hutchinson 1957), in terms of variables such as soil moisture and temperature, by developing a set of habitat specific demographic stage transition models (i.e. conditional on such environmental variables) for these species. These models, in combination with data from field surveys of the local distribution of the species, will be used to develop testable predictive maps of the distribution of suitable habitat which can be compared to the observed distribution of the plants. We hypothesize that both dispersal ability and the distribution of suitable habitat are important determinants of the actual distribution of species. The goal of this research is both to further our conceptual understanding of the relationships between habitat requirements and species distributions, and to provide a practical approach to operationalizing the concept of "suitable habitat."
Growth-mortality relationships for southern Appalachian trees from the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory in 1995
Ecologists and foresters have long noted a link between tree growth rate and mortality, and recent work suggests that interspecific differences in low growth tolerance is a key force shaping forest structure. Little information is available, however, on the growth-mortality relationship for most species. We present three methods for estimating growth-mortality functions from readily obtainable field data. All use annual mortality rates and the recent growth rates of living and dead individuals. Annual mortality rates are estimated using both survival analysis and a Bayesian approach. Growth rates are obtained from increment cores. Growth-mortality functions are fitted using two parametric approaches and a non-parametric approach. The three methods are compared using bootstrapped confidence intervals and likelihood ratio tests. For two example species, Acer rubrum and Cornus florida, growth-mortality functions indicate a substantial difference in the two species abilities to withstand slow growth. Both survival analysis and Bayesian estimates of mortality rates lead to similar growth-mortality functions, with the Bayesian approach providing a means to overcome the absence of long-term census data. In fitting growth-mortality functions, the non-parametric approach reveals that inflexibility in parametric methods can lead to errors in estimating mortality risk at low growth. We thus suggest that non-parametric fits be used as a tool for assessing parametric models.
Tree seedling densities across an elevation and moisture gradient from the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory from 1996 to 1999
First year seedling densities of all woody perennials (trees, vines, shrubs) were censused across five permanent vegetation plots to compare spatial distributions with adult trees, seed densities and seed bank densities.
Rhododendron maximum cover across an elevation gradient from the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory from 1997 to 1999
Rhododendron maximum leaf area was measured at 167 locations to determine the spatial extent of this understory shrub, and compare Rhododendron maximum cover with seedling germination rates and seedling diversity (measured in another study). Rhododendron maximum leaf area index was determined at 167 points within each permanent vegetation plot. The initial 86 points were sampled in 1997, and the remainder sampled in the summer of 1999.
Gradient throughfall (thrufall) collection at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory from 1992 to 1997
To investigate long term forest ecosystem responses to disturbance and stress along an elevational gradient, five plots were established as follows: xeric oak-pine (782 m), cove hardwood (795 m), low elevation mixed oak (865 m), high elevation mixed oak (1001 m), and northern hardwoods (1347 m). Phenomena being studied in these plots include: climatology, nutrient dynamics, decomposition, vegetation productivity and population dynamics, and below-ground processes. As part of study on nutrient dynamics, throughfall was sampled weekly and concentrations and fluxes were examined from each of the five gradient plots.
Microclimate Measurements from the Terrestrial Gradient Plots, Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory, North Carolina
The terrestrial gradient study at Coweeta compares vegetation, soils, and understory microclimate of five sites: 118 low elevation (782 m) pine-oak, 218 low elevation (795 m) cove hardwood, 318 low elevation (865 m) mixed oak, 427 high elevation (1001 m) mixed oak, 527 high elevation (1347 m) northern hardwood. Understory microclimate stations were installed in representative locations at the downslope margin of each 20 x 40 m gradient plot (within the 80 x 80 m plot).
Nitrogen transformation along an elevational and vegetative gradient from the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory from 1991 to 1995
Examination of N-transformation along elevation and vegetation gradient. These measurements are analysis of plant nitrogen availability and overall site productivity.
Nitrogen transformation along an elevational and vegetative gradient from the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory from 1991 to 1995
Examination of N-transformation along elevation and vegetation gradient. These measurements are analysis of plant nitrogen availability and overall site productivity.
Gap soil moisture at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory from 1993 to 1996
Small canopy openings often alter understory microclimate, leading to changes in forest structure and composition. It is generally accepted that physical changes in the understory (i.e., microclimatic) due to canopy removal drive changes in basic forest processes, particularly seedling recruitment which is intrinsically linked to soil moisture availability, light and, to a lesser extent, temperature. We examined the impact of small canopy gaps of the type (snags) and size (~300 m2) most frequently observed in the southern Appalachians on the understory microclimate. We created artificial canopy gaps at two elevations (a.m.s.l.) by girdling trees in areas with and without a Rhododendron maximum L. (rosebay rhododendron) understory. Soil and air temperature (degrees C), photosynthetically active radiation (PAR; mmol m-2s-1), and volumetric soil water content (WC%) in the upper 15 cm of soil were measured along transects generally running north to south through each gap. Overall, PAR was substantially less in rhododendron gaps than in non-rhododendron gaps.
Gap PAR (Photosynthetic Active Radiation) at the Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory from 1993 to 1997
Small canopy openings often alter understory microclimate, leading to changes in forest structure and composition. It is generally accepted that physical changes in the understory (i.e., microclimatic) due to canopy removal drive changes in basic forest processes, particularly seedling recruitment which is intrinsically linked to soil moisture availability, light and, to a lesser extent, temperature. We examined the impact of small canopy gaps of the type (snags) and size (~300 m2) most frequently observed in the southern Appalachians on the understory microclimate. We created artificial canopy gaps at two elevations (a.m.s.l.) by girdling trees in areas with and without a Rhododendron maximum L. (rosebay rhododendron) understory. Soil and air temperature (degrees C), photosynthetically active radiation (PAR; mmol m-2s-1), and volumetric soil water content (WC%) in the upper 15 cm of soil were measured along transects generally running north to south through each gap.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.