Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
15,542
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
15,542 results for “How long”
Fig. 2 in Long-Term Development Of Fish Assemblage In Lake Fenéki (Kis-Balaton Water Protection System, Hungary): Succession, Invasion And Stabilization
Fig. 2. Relationships between the age of Lake Fenéki and cumulative number of specimens caught in a sampling year (y = 107.7 + 9.63x; R2 = 0.654, P = 0.001)
Fig. 2. A in Pseudoleucochloridium ainohelicis nom. nov. (Trematoda: Panopistidae), a Replacement for Glaphyrostomum soricis Found from Long-Clawed Shrews in Hokkaido, Japan, with New Data on its Intermediate Hosts
Fig. 2. A maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree of the superfamily Brachylaimoidea inferred from 28S rDNA sequences. Three isolates of Pseudoleucochloridium ainohelicis nom. nov. and 11 isolates of 9 related species were included in the tree. The DNA database accession numbers are shown in the tree. Clinostomum cutaneum Paperna, 1964, a member of the family Clinostomidae Lühe, 1901, was used as an outgroup taxon (database accession no. GQ339114). Bootstrap percentages are shown on each node. Scale bar indicates the number of substitutions per nucleotide site.
Fig. 3 in Pseudoleucochloridium ainohelicis nom. nov. (Trematoda: Panopistidae), a Replacement for Glaphyrostomum soricis Found from Long-Clawed Shrews in Hokkaido, Japan, with New Data on its Intermediate Hosts
Fig. 3. The sporocyst of Pseudoleucochloridium ainohelicis nom. nov. from Ainohelix editha. A) Branched tubes in the hepatopancreas (macrophotograph). Scale bar 2 mm; B) Branched tubes containing cercariae. Scale bar 200 µm.
Immunosenescence in the wild? A longitudinal study in a long‐lived seabird
<p>1. Longitudinal studies of various vertebrate populations have demonstrated senescent declines in reproductive performance and survival probability to be almost ubiquitous. Longitudinal studies of potential underlying proximate mechanisms, however, are still scarce. <br> 2. Due to its critical function in the maintenance of health and viability, the immune system is among the potential (mediators of) proximate mechanisms that could underlie senescence. <br> 3. Here, we studied three innate immune parameters - hemagglutination titre, haemolysis titre and haptoglobin concentration - in a population of common terns (Sterna hirundo) known to undergo actuarial senescence. We repeatedly sampled birds of known sex and age across 11 years and used random regression models to (i) quantify how immune parameters vary among individuals, and (ii) describe within-individual age-specific changes in, and potential trade-offs between, immune parameters.<br> 4. Our models revealed no differences between males and females in hemagglutination titre and haptoglobin concentration, and very low among-individual variation in these parameters in general. Within individuals, hemagglutination titre increased with age, while haptoglobin concentration did not change. We found no indication for selective (dis)appearance in relation to hemagglutination titre or haptoglobin concentration, nor for the existence of a trade-off between them. Haemolysis was absent in the majority (76%) of samples.<br> 5. Common terns do not exhibit clear senescence in hemagglutination titre and haptoglobin concentration and show very little among-individual variation in these parameters in general. This may be explained by canalisation of the immune parameters or by the colonial breeding behaviour of our study species, but more longitudinal studies are needed to facilitate investigation of links between species' characteristics and immunosenescence in wild animals.</p>
Data from: Occasional long-distance dispersal may not prevent inbreeding in a threatened butterfly
<p><strong>Background:</strong> To set up successful conservation measures, detailed knowledge on the dispersal and colonization capacities of the focal species and connectivity between populations is of high relevance. We developed species-specific nuclear microsatellite molecular markers for the grayling (<i>Hipparchia semele</i>), a butterfly endemic to Europe and of growing conservation concern in North-West Europe, and report on its population genetics, in a fragmented, anthropogenic landscape in Belgium. Our study included samples from 23 different locations nested in two regions and additional historical samples from two locations. We assessed contemporary<span>, </span><span><span>long-distance</span></span><span> disper</span>sal based on genetic assignment tests and investigated the effect of habitat loss and fragmentation on the population genetic structure and genetic variation using data of nine microsatellite loci.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> Detected dispersal events covered remarkably long distances, which were up to ten times larger than previously reported colonisation distances, with the longest movement recorded in this study even exceeding 100 km. However, observed frequencies of<span> </span><span><span>long-distance</span></span><span> </span>dispersal were low. Our results point to the consequences of the strong population decline of the last decades, with evidence of inbreeding in 72% of the recently sampled populations and low estimates of effective population sizes (<i>Ne</i>) (ranging from 20 to 54 individuals).</p> <p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Our study shows low frequencies of<span> </span><span><span>long-distance</span></span><span> dispersal, which is unable to prevent inbreeding </span><span><span>in most of the local populations.</span></span><span> We discuss the significance for species conservation including future translocation events and </span><span><span>discuss</span></span><span> appropriate conservation strategies to maintain viable </span><span><span>grayling</span></span><span> (meta)p</span>opulations in highly fragmented, anthropogenic landscapes.</p>
Long term environmental stability drives reduced stress tolerance in salt lake invertebrates
<p>The capacity of species to tolerate physical stressors is critical in a world of increasing environmental instability, however, past selective environments should dramatically impact on future stress tolerance, particularly in isolated populations. Through stabilising selection, long-term environmental stasis may reduce physiological tolerance, creating an evolutionary legacy where populations are less fit if environments change. Few empirical studies have investigated this evolutionary legacy of past selection, and of particular interest whether stabilising selection in a benign environment reduces stress tolerance in natural systems. Here we use multiple populations of salt-lake invertebrates (<i>Coxiella striata, Austrochiltonia subtenuis</i>) with either stable or fluctuating environmental histories to investigate the relationship between stabilising selection and environmental stress resistance. Tolerance to both salinity and temperature stress were examined in invertebrate populations from lakes with long-term (decadal) stable environments and compared with populations from lakes with extreme salinity variations. Individuals from stable environments demonstrated significantly lower survival under both increasing salinity and temperature stresses when compared with environmentally unstable populations. Our results support the hypothesis that the evolutionary legacy from stabilising selection in constant environments leads to reduced stress tolerance. This finding demonstrates that under an increasingly variable climate, the evolutionary legacies of populations will be critical for future survival and adaptation.</p>
Figures 13- 14 from: Huang S, Hou Y, Zhu L, Xu Y, Wang M, Fan X, Long Y, Da W, Chen L (2021) Description of a new species of the genus Neopseustis Meyrick, 1909 from China, with a new classification of the genus (Lepidoptera, Neopseustoidea, Neopseustidae). ZooKeys 1078: 35-48. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1078.75461
Figures 13- 14 13 collecting site of Neopseustis chentangensis in Chentang Town, Xizang 14 Distribution map of some Neopseustis spp. in Asia.
Figures 3-12 from: Huang S, Hou Y, Zhu L, Xu Y, Wang M, Fan X, Long Y, Da W, Chen L (2021) Description of a new species of the genus Neopseustis Meyrick, 1909 from China, with a new classification of the genus (Lepidoptera, Neopseustoidea, Neopseustidae). ZooKeys 1078: 35-48. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1078.75461
Figures 3-12 Male genitalia of Neopseustis spp. 3–10Neopseustis chentangensis sp. nov., holotype, dissection number CT1 3 genitalia capsule in natural shape with anellus-juxta-parameres removed, dorsal view 4 same, in ventral view 5 genitalia capsule flattened with anellus-juxta-parameres removed 6 genitalia capsule in natural shape with anellus-juxta-parameres removed, in lateral view 7 anellus-juxta-parameres in natural shape, in dorsal view 8 same, in ventral view 9 same, in lateral view 10 anellus-juxta-parameres flattened, in ventral view 11, 12Neopseustis moxiensis, holotype, dissection number MX1 11 anellus-juxta-parameres flattened, in ventral view 12 genitalia capsule flattened with anellus-juxta-parameres removed. J = Juxta; LPA = lateroposterior process of anellus; PE = parameres; TB = transverse bar. Scale bar: 1 mm (Figures 3–10).
Figures 1- 2 from: Huang S, Hou Y, Zhu L, Xu Y, Wang M, Fan X, Long Y, Da W, Chen L (2021) Description of a new species of the genus Neopseustis Meyrick, 1909 from China, with a new classification of the genus (Lepidoptera, Neopseustoidea, Neopseustidae). ZooKeys 1078: 35-48. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1078.75461
Figures 1- 2 Males of Neopseustis spp. 1Neopseustis chentangensis S.Y. Huang & Chen sp. nov., holotype, Chentang, Xizang, CT1 2N. moxiensis, holotype, Moxi, Sichuan, MX1.
Figure 15 from: Huang S, Hou Y, Zhu L, Xu Y, Wang M, Fan X, Long Y, Da W, Chen L (2021) Description of a new species of the genus Neopseustis Meyrick, 1909 from China, with a new classification of the genus (Lepidoptera, Neopseustoidea, Neopseustidae). ZooKeys 1078: 35-48. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1078.75461
Figure 15 Phylogenetic tree of Neopseustidae based on an analysis of the COI barcoding region, using the maximum likelihood method. The genus Neopseustis is divided into four groups with their corresponding anellus-juxta-parameres illustrated on the left side.
Long-term comparison of the euglossine community
<p>Global bee decline and its impact on pollination in agricultural and natural ecosystems have attracted public attention. However, more data are needed to show their generality and intensity in different ecosystems, especially in the tropics. For centuries, the tropical dry forest (TDF) of Costa Rica underwent intense deforestation, but in the last four decades, a large part of this forest has entered a recovery process. Using data of orchid bees generated by Janzen et al. (1982) in TDF in the Santa Rosa sector of the Guanacaste Conservation Area (ACG), we posed a general question: What changes have occurred in diversity, composition, and seasonality of the euglossine bee community in the TDF during the last 40 years and how are these changes related to the current recovery of this forest. We sampled euglossine bees during 2018-2019 using methods similar to those applied previously. To characterize the response of euglossine bees to habitat loss, we extended the sampling to pastures adjacent to the protected area. With the loss (n=4) and gain (n=3) of bee species, we did not find significant changes in overall species richness between now and 40 years ago. However, the composition of the euglossine community in the protected area in 1977 was more similar to that found in current pastures than to the current community in forests, where the presence of forest-dependent species has been favored. It is possible that TDF regeneration in Santa Rosa has led to changes in the composition of the community of these bees.</p>
Supplementary material 2 from: Corbin LA-J, Awde DN, Richards MH (2021) Phenological and social characterization of three Lasioglossum (Dialictus) species inferred from long-term trapping collections. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 88: 17-38. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.88.73220
Figure S2. Scoring systems for mandibular wear (MW) and wing wear (WW).
Figure 2 from: Corbin LA-J, Awde DN, Richards MH (2021) Phenological and social characterization of three Lasioglossum (Dialictus) species inferred from long-term trapping collections. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 88: 17-38. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.88.73220
Figure 2 Wear and ovarian development of adult females caught in spring and summer. Fisher exact tests were used to compare the proportions of spring and summer females in each ovarian category. Unworn summer females with no ovarian development were excluded, as these females likely were newly eclosed. In L. laevissimum and L. hitchensi, spring females were significantly more likely to be fecund (largest oocyte at least 1/2-developed), while in L. ellisiae, spring and summer females showed similar levels of ovarian development (see Table 3 for statistics).
Figure 1 from: Corbin LA-J, Awde DN, Richards MH (2021) Phenological and social characterization of three Lasioglossum (Dialictus) species inferred from long-term trapping collections. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 88: 17-38. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.88.73220
Figure 1 Bivoltine flight phenologies of L. laevissimum, L. hitchensi and L. ellisiae, inferred from pan trap collections, 2003–2013. The number of bees collected per week represents the average number of bees collected in pan traps, across sites and years, from 2003 to 2013. A total of 52 L. laevissimum bees, 1480 L. hitchensi bees, and 67 L. ellisiae bees were collected. Dark grey bars represent males, white bars represent spring females and light grey bars represent summer females. The red polynomial regression (drawn using the geom_smooth function, Loess method, in R) was used to help visually identify the number of abundance peaks for each species. Black arrows indicate the weeks when L. hitchensi males were collected in pan traps.
Supplementary material 1 from: Corbin LA-J, Awde DN, Richards MH (2021) Phenological and social characterization of three Lasioglossum (Dialictus) species inferred from long-term trapping collections. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 88: 17-38. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.88.73220
Figure S1. Right forewing of an L. hitchensi female.
Figure 3 from: Corbin LA-J, Awde DN, Richards MH (2021) Phenological and social characterization of three Lasioglossum (Dialictus) species inferred from long-term trapping collections. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 88: 17-38. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.88.73220
Figure 3 Social trait comparisons among spring, early summer and late summer females of L. hitchensi. Spring females were caught in weeks 0 to 8, early summer females in weeks 10 to 15, and late summer females from week 16 onward. Early summer females were larger than late summer females but showed similar signs of wear and ovarian development. See Table 2 for statistical analyses.
Supplementary material 3 from: Corbin LA-J, Awde DN, Richards MH (2021) Phenological and social characterization of three Lasioglossum (Dialictus) species inferred from long-term trapping collections. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 88: 17-38. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.88.73220
Figure S3. Scoring systems for ovarian development scores.
Does hatch date set the clock? Timing of post-fledging movements for families of a colonially breeding, long-distance migratory songbird
<p><span>Factors that influence the development of migration timing in juvenile songbirds have implications for the ability of individuals to respond positively to rapid environmental changes. We investigated the impacts of nest timing on the post-fledging movement timing of juveniles and adults of a migratory songbird. We tested whether first egg date and environmental factors predicted the initiation of post-fledging stages: fledge date for juveniles, and colony departure date for both adults and juveniles. At breeding colonies of purple martin (<i>Progne subis</i>) in southern Ontario, Canada, we monitored nests to determine the date of nest initiation ('first egg date') and deployed 122 coded radio-frequency tracking tags on young and adults to determine the timing of post-fledging stages. We found that first egg date, the number of nestmates and age of parents were the main predictors of fledge date. Of these three factors, only first egg date was carried through post-fledge to influence colony departure date for juvenile birds, but this relationship weakened between first egg date and departure date. Nestmates tended to fledge together (range 0-4 days) but exhibited greater variation in colony departure timing (range 0-11 days). Further, while first egg influenced departure date, increasing variation between fledge and departure led to some birds departing breeding colonies at a younger age, suggesting in influence of local environmental factors (e.g. social or photoperiod change) in departure decisions. The timing of adult colony departure date was independent of first egg dates. In sum, our results suggest a role for 1<sup>st</sup> egg dates in setting timing of post-breeding movements, but with variation introduced between fledge and departure dates. Experimental manipulations of photoperiod in a wild setting are needed and future research should investigate whether the timing of movement driven by nesting timing, holds across the rest of migration or even the lifetime of birds. </span></p>
Orientation behavior of riparian Long-Jawed Orb Weavers (Tetragnatha elongata) after displacement over water
<p>Many organisms possess remarkable abilities to orient and navigate within their environment to achieve goals. We examined the orientation behavior of a riparian spider, the Long-Jawed Orb Weaver (<i>Tetragnatha elongata</i>), when displaced onto the surface of the water. When displaced, spiders move with alternating movements of the first three leg-pairs while dragging the most posterior pair of legs behind them. In addition, spiders often perform a series of orientation behaviors consisting of concentric circles before ultimately choosing a path of travel directly towards the nearest point to land. While the number of orientation behaviors increased with increasing distance from shore, distance had no effect on the direction of travel, which was significantly oriented toward the closest shoreline. These results indicate a complex ability to orient toward land when displaced onto water, possibly to decrease the amount of time on the surface of the water and thus decrease predation risk.</p>
Long-term shifts in the functional diversity of abandoned wet meadows – Impacts of historical disturbance and successional pathways
<p>Investigating the direction of changes in functional diversity involving successional pathways and historical disturbances may be a promising tool for predictions of the effectiveness of the semi-natural meadows conservation, with great emphasis on formulation of more cost-effective restoration strategies. The goal of this research was to assess the differences in long-term shifts in the functional diversity of plant species in semi-natural wet meadows unmanaged for the last 40 years, under the influence of different successional pathways and historical disturbances. Using ordination techniques, linear mixed-effect models, a set of plant functional traits and parameters of functional diversity, we assessed the importance of habitat filtering, competition and niche partitioning in shaping community assembly changes over time. The most dramatic shifts in functional diversity were found in the <i>Carex acutiformis </i>successional pathway after topsoil removal, where colonization by successional inhibitors was the main driver causing decreases in functional dispersion and divergence. This was expressed as a decrease in the importance of habitat filtering and replacement of specialized species by competitors with heavier seeds and higher specific leaf area. Regarding the <i>C. cespitosa</i> and <i>Salix cinerea </i>pathways, the magnitudes of shifts in functional diversity were milder and differed less between the historical topsoil removal and mowing treatments, thereby maintaining a large role for niche partitioning in shaping the vegetation structure. The results of our study highlight the importance of tussock sedges and shrubs as effective buffers against the biotic homogenization of meadows driven by the simplification of functional composition, even from a long-term perspective.</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.