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1,891 results for “Field data”
Jovian and Kronian Magnetodisc Field and Guiding Centre Dynamics of Trapped Particles Data
<p>Data files and basic Matlab visualisation functionality of Jovian and Kronian UCL magnetodisc model output and guiding centre dynamics of trapped particles data described in the JGR Space Physics paper 2020JA027827 <em>Trapped Particle Motion In Magnetodisk Fields</em> by <em>Guio, P. and Staniland, N. and Achilleos, N. A. and Arridge, C. S.</em>(<a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JA027827">https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JA027827</a>)</p>
Data citation for a forward stratigraphic-based porosity and permeability model developed for the Volve field, Norway.
<p>The data, models, and script presented here are those used for developing a forward stratigraphic simulation. The data include: 24 suits of well logs, seismic data, forward stratigraphic simulation scenarios of the shallow marine depositional setting, synthetic wells derived from the stratigraphic model, and 3-D reservoir models in Eclipse and RMS formats. In addition, a short script from the property calculator tool in Petrel, which is was used to classify lithofacies-associations in the stratigraphic model is also provided. The Petrel software license and code used in GPM software to undertake these forward stratigraphic simulations cannot be provided, because Schlumberger, who are the developers of the software do not allow its code to be shared in any publication.</p>
Data for "The Origin of the Bimodal Distribution of Magnetic Fields in Early-type Stars"
<p>Accompanying data and inlists for Jermyn & Cantiello 2020 (ApJ). Models have been computed using MESA revision 11701. A Jupyter notebook is provided to reproduce the figures in the main text. </p>
State of open data in catalysis and contiguous fields
<p>This dataset comprises two sub-sets of data:</p> <ul> <li>Dataset_1: field-specific dataset to article ratio from 2011 to 2019</li> <li>Dataset_2: survey on datasets for hydrodeoxygenation</li> </ul> <p>These correspond to Figure 5 and Figure 4, respectively, of the following publication:</p> <p>P.S.F. Mendes, S. Siradze, L. Pirro, J.W. Thybaut, Open Data in Catalysis: From Today's Big Picture to the Future of Small Data, ChemCatChem, 2021, 13, 836-850, https://doi.org/10.1002/cctc.202001132</p> <p> </p>
Data from: Biogeography of ocean acidification: differential field performance of transplanted mussels to upwelling-driven variation in carbonate chemistry
<p>Ocean acidification (OA) represents a serious challenge to marine ecosystems. Laboratory studies addressing OA indicate broadly negative effects for marine organisms, particularly those relying on calcification processes. Growing evidence also suggests OA combined with other environmental stressors may be even more deleterious. Scaling these laboratory studies to ecological performance in the field, where environmental heterogeneity may mediate responses, is a critical next step toward understanding OA impacts on natural communities. We leveraged an upwelling-driven pH mosaic along the California Current System to deconstruct the relative influences of pH, ocean temperature, and food availability on seasonal growth, condition and shell thickness of the ecologically dominant intertidal mussel Mytilus californianus . In 2011 and 2012, ecological performance of adult mussels from local and commonly sourced populations was measured at 8 rocky intertidal sites between central Oregon and southern California. Sites coincided with a large-scale network of intertidal pH sensors, allowing comparisons among pH and other environmental stressors. Adult California mussel growth and size varied latitudinally among sites and inter-annually, and mean shell thickness index and shell weight growth were reduced with low pH. Surprisingly, shell length growth and the ratio of tissue to shell weight were enhanced, not diminished as expected, by low pH. In contrast, and as expected, shell weight growth and shell thickness were both diminished by low pH, consistent with the idea that OA exposure can compromise shell-dependent defenses against predators or wave forces. We also found that adult mussel shell weight growth and relative tissue mass were negatively associated with increased pH variability. Including local pH conditions with previously documented influences of ocean temperature, food availability, aerial exposure, and origin site enhanced the explanatory power of models describing observed performance differences. Responses of local mussel populations differed from those of a common source population suggesting mussel performance partially depended on genetic or persistent phenotypic differences. In light of prior research showing deleterious effects of low pH on larval mussels, our results suggest a life history transition leading to greater resilience in at least some performance metrics to ocean acidification by adult California mussels. Our data also demonstrate "hot" (more extreme) and "cold" (less extreme) spots in both mussel responses and environmental conditions, a pattern that may enable mitigation approaches in response to future changes in climate.</p>
Data from: Microplastics negatively affect soil fauna but stimulate microbial activity: insights from a field-based microplastic addition experiment
<p>Microplastics are recognized as an emerging contaminant worldwide. Although microplastics have been shown to strongly affect organisms in aquatic environments, less is known about whether and how microplastics can affect different taxa within a soil community, and it is unclear whether these effects can cascade through soil food webs. By conducting a microplastic manipulation experiment, i.e. adding low-density polyethylene fragments in the field, we found that microplastic addition significantly affected the composition and abundance of microarthropod and nematode communities. Contrary to soil fauna, we found only small effects of microplastics on the biomass and structure of soil microbial communities. Nevertheless, structural equation modeling revealed that the effects of microplastics strongly cascade through the soil food webs, leading to the modification of microbial functioning with further potential consequences on soil carbon and nutrient cycling. Our results highlight that taking into account the effects of microplastics at different trophic levels is important to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the ecological impacts of microplastic pollution on soil functioning.</p>
Full field deformation data: Laser welded Eurofer-97
<p>Tensile deformation data at room temperature for an autogenous laser weld in Eurofer-97.</p> <p>Specimens are with and without a laser weld, with and without a post-weld heat treatment.</p> <p>Deformation is full field and takes the form of x, y, z coordinates and dx, dy, dz displacements.</p> <p>Virtual extensometry is extracted from the data.</p> <p>Example Jupyter notebook provided.</p> <p> </p>
data set related to article Echo-time dependency of quantitative susceptibility mapping reproducibility at different magnetic field strengths
<p>This record contains raw date related to article Echo-time dependency of quantitative susceptibility mapping reproducibility at different magnetic field strengths</p>
Supplementary data for "Visual cues of predation risk outweigh acoustic cues: a field experiment in black-capped chickadees"
<p>All data required for the analyses, including R code, presented in the paper "Visual cues of predation risk outweigh acoustic cues: a field experiment in black-capped chickadees" DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.2002</p>
the supplemental data of 'The frequency-dependent effect of electrical fields on the mobility of intracellular vesicles in astrocytes'
<p>This data set is the supplemental data of the manuscript ‘The frequency-dependent effect of electrical fields on the mobility of intracellular vesicles in astrocytes’. Due to the size limitation of online storage, this data set contains partial data collected in this work, which consists of one experiment per condition. The full data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.</p>
Data from: First measurements of field metabolic rate in wild juvenile fishes show strong thermal sensitivity but variations between sympatric ecotypes
<p>The relationship between physiology and temperature has a large influence on population-level responses to climate change. In natural settings, direct thermal effects on metabolism may be exaggerated or offset by behavioural responses influencing individual energy balance. Drawing on a newly developed proxy, we provide the first estimates of the thermal performance curve of field metabolism in a wild fish. We investigate the thermal sensitivity of field metabolic rate in two sympatric, genetically distinct ecotypes of Atlantic cod from the Skagerrak coast of southern Norway. The combined ecotype median of field metabolic rate increased with increasing temperature until around 16°C, coincident with the thermal optimum for growth for juvenile Atlantic cod. Individual cod experienced temperatures in excess of the thermal optimum for field metabolic rate, indicating some degree of thermal limitation of field metabolism in a complex natural environment with the potential for thermal refugia. The two cod ecotypes showed different thermal performance curves for field metabolic rate, revealing that genetic components to temperature sensitivity persist beyond acclimation effects. The cold-adapted fjord ecotype maintained higher field metabolic rates at cooler temperatures than the warm-adapted North Sea ecotype, which showed clear preference for warmer waters around the thermal optimum. Field metabolic rates of the two ecotypes were strongly influenced by year and location of sampling, implying more complex behavioural responses to environmental conditions. We emphasise that the energy uses reflecting physiological conditions in the field should be considered in the evaluation of the effect of climatic variables on fish population dynamics and demonstrate that otolith isotopes provide an analytical framework to answer this question.</p>
Data from: Flower fields and pesticide use interactively shape pollen beetle infestation and parasitism in oilseed rape fields.
<p>MANUSCRIPT STILL UNDER REVISION</p> <ol> <li>Pollen beetles (Brassicogethes spp.) are the main pest of oilseed rape (OSR, Brassica napus) in Europe and responsible for massive yield losses. Upcoming pesticide resistances highlight the need for other means of crop protection, such as natural pest control. Sown flower fields aim to counteract the decrease of insect biodiversity in agricultural landscapes by providing breeding and foraging sites to ecosystem service providers such as parasitoids. However, the optimal age and size of flower fields to increase natural pest control is still unclear.</li> <li>We conducted experiments on 31 OSR fields located along a gradient of landscape-scale semi-natural habitat (SNH). OSR fields were located adjacent to flower fields which differed in age, continuity and size, or adjacent to crop fields or calcareous grasslands. In the OSR fields, pesticide free areas were established to examine interactive effects of pesticide use and flower field characteristics. The abundance of pollen beetle adults and larvae, parasitism and superparasitism rates in OSR were recorded at increasing distances to the adjacent fields.</li> <li>OSR next to flower fields maintained continuously for at least 6 years had the lowest numbers of pollen beetle larvae. Flower fields and calcareous grasslands increased pollen beetle parasitism in adjacent OSR fields compared to OSR fields neighbouring crop fields. However, the threshold for effective natural pest control of approximately 35% could only be reached in the pesticide free areas of OSR fields adjacent to calcareous grassland and continuous flower fields.</li> <li>In pesticide-sprayed areas, pollen beetle parasitism and superparasitism declined with increasing distance to the adjacent field, but they remained on the same level in areas without pesticides. Large flower fields (>1.5ha) increased parasitism and superparasitism more than small ones.</li> <li>Synthesis and applications: In general, older continuous flower fields decrease infestation with pollen beetle larvae and enhance parasitism rates in OSR. Furthermore, only flower fields larger than 1.5ha were able to push pollen beetle parasitism above the threshold level of 35%. Therefore, to promote natural pest control, it would be beneficial to maintain large flower fields for several years unmanaged, to create stable habitats for natural enemies. However, pesticide use has negative effects on OSR pollen beetle parasitism and can abrogate positive effects of flower fields on natural pest control. This study highlights that sown flower fields have the potential to increase natural pest control in OSR, but this potential is depending on its age and size and can be hindered by pesticide use.</li> </ol>
Dispatches from the neighborhood watch: using citizen science and field survey data to document color morph frequency in space and time
<p>Heritable color polymorphisms have a long history of study in evolutionary biology, though they are less frequently examined today than in the past. These systems, where multiple discrete, visually identifiable color phenotypes co-occur in the same population, are valuable for tracking evolutionary change and ascertaining the relative importance of different evolutionary mechanisms. Here, we use a combination of citizen science data and field surveys in the Great Lakes region of North America to identify patterns of color morph frequencies in the eastern gray squirrel (<i>Sciurus carolinensis</i>). Using over 68,000 individual squirrel records from both large and small spatial scales, we identify the following patterns: (1) the melanistic (black) phenotype is often localized but nonetheless widespread throughout the Great Lakes region, occurring in all states and provinces sampled. (2) In Ohio, where intensive surveys were performed, there is a weak but significantly positive association between color morph frequency and geographic proximity of populations. Nonetheless, even nearby populations often had radically different frequencies of the melanistic morph, which ranged from 0 to 96%. These patterns were mosaic rather than clinal. (3) In the Wooster, Ohio population, which had over eight years of continuous data on color morph frequency representing nearly 40,000 records, we found that the frequency of the melanistic morph increased gradually over time on some survey routes but decreased or did not change over time on others. These differences were statistically significant and occurred at very small spatial scales (on the order of hundreds of meters). Together, these patterns are suggestive of genetic drift as an important mechanism of evolutionary change in this system. We argue that studies of color polymorphism are still quite valuable in advancing our understanding of fundamental evolutionary processes, especially when coupled with the growing availability of data from citizen science efforts.</p>
Data supplement for "Phase-field crystal description of active crystallites: Elastic and inelastic collisions"
<p>This dataset contains data related to the publication:</p> <p>Lukas Ophaus and Johannes Kirchner and Svetlana V. Gurevich and Uwe Thiele, "Phase-field crystal description of active crystallites: Elastic and inelastic collisions" Chaos<strong> 30</strong>, 123149 (2020); <a href="https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0019426">https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0019426</a></p> <p>The set contains (i) all figures in pdf format and (ii) complete data files accompanied by python plot scripts for selected figures.</p> <p> </p>
Data for "A Phaseless Auxiliary-Field Quantum Monte Carlo Perspective on the UniformElectron Gas at Finite Temperatures: Issues, Observations, and Benchmark Study"
<p>Phaseless AFQMC data (input and output) for "A Phaseless Auxiliary-Field Quantum Monte Carlo Perspective on the UniformElectron Gas at Finite Temperatures: Issues, Observations, and Benchmark Study" </p> <p> </p> <p>data: contains raw qmc data</p> <p>figures: contains analysed data + plotting scripts.</p>
Data for "Parity-preserving and magnetic field-resilient superconductivity in InSb nanowires with Sn shells"
<p>Zip files:<br> Paper Figures.zip:<br> This zip file contains all datasets necessary for plotting the paper figures.<br> MTX datasets are named the same as corresponding figures.<br> DAT datasets (raw data) with a figure - filename map (Figure-rawdata map.xlsx).<br> Jupyter notebooks for interactive graphing.</p> <p> Data Summaries.zip:<br> Plotted extended data beyond paper figures, in ppt and measurement logs (laboratory notebooks)</p> <p> TEM.zip:<br> TEM results.</p> <p> Full Original Raw Data.zip:<br> Full Original Raw Data for each cooldown. See "Data Summaries.zip" for device information. See "Paper Figures.zip" for visualization.</p> <p>Data formats:<br> MTX:<br> A simple 2D/3D matrix format developed for Spyview (https://nsweb.tn.tudelft.nl/~gsteele/spyview/).</p> <p> DAT:<br> Original spreadsheet data.</p> <p> SET:<br> Instrument settings.</p> <p> PY:<br> Measurement scripts.<br> </p>
Data from: Demography and selection shape transcriptomic divergence in field crickets
Gene flow, demography, and selection can result in similar patterns of genomic variation and disentangling their effects is key to understanding speciation. Here, we assess transcriptomic variation to unravel the evolutionary history of Gryllus rubens and G. texensis, cryptic field cricket species with highly divergent mating behavior. We infer their demographic history and screen their transcriptomes for footprints of selection in the context of the inferred demography. We find strong support for a long history of bidirectional gene flow, which ceased during the late Pleistocene, and a bottleneck in G. rubens consistent with a peripatric origin of this species. Importantly, comparing the observed FST distribution with distributions from coalescent simulations under various demographic scenarios indicates that gene flow (without selection) strongly shaped patterns of genetic divergence. Genetic divergence at FST outlier loci could thus falsely be attributed to selection when not accounting for demographic history. We uncovered a subset of loci with signatures of selection, many of which are candidates for controlling variation in mating behavior. Our results underscore the importance of gene flow and demography in overall levels of genetic divergence and highlight that simultaneously examining demography and selection facilitates a more complete understanding of genetic divergence during speciation.
Data from: Interspecific competition alters nonlinear selection on offspring size in the field
Offspring size is one of the most important life-history traits with consequences for both the ecology and evolution of most organisms. Surprisingly, formal estimates of selection on offspring size are rare, and the degree to which selection (particularly nonlinear selection) varies among environments remains poorly explored. We estimate linear and nonlinear selection on offspring size, module size, and senescence rate for a sessile marine invertebrate in the field under three different intensities of interspecific competition. The intensity of competition strongly modified the strength and form of selection acting on offspring size. We found evidence for differences in nonlinear selection across the three environments. Our results suggest that the fitness returns of a given offspring size depend simultaneously on their environmental context, and on the context of other offspring traits. Offspring size effects can be more pervasive with regards to their influence on the fitness returns of other traits than previously recognized, and we suggest that the evolution of offspring size cannot be understood in isolation from other traits. Overall, variability in the form and strength of selection on offspring size in nature may reduce the efficacy of selection on offspring size and maintain variation in this trait.
Data from: Field-based high throughput phenotyping rapidly identifies genomic regions controlling yield components in rice
To ensure food security in the face of population growth, decreasing water and land for agriculture, and increasing climate variability, crop yields must increase faster than the current rates. Increased yields will require implementing novel approaches in genetic discovery and breeding. Here we demonstrate the potential of field-based high throughput phenotyping (HTP) on a large recombinant population of rice to identify genetic variation underlying important traits. We find that detecting quantitative trait loci (QTL) with HTP phenotyping is as accurate and effective as traditional labor-intensive measures of flowering time, height, biomass, grain yield, and harvest index. Genetic mapping in this population, derived from a cross of an modern cultivar (IR64) with a landrace (Aswina), identified four alleles with negative effect on grain yield that are fixed in IR64, demonstrating the potential for HTP of large populations as a strategy for the second green revolution.
Data from: Metabolic rate covaries with fitness and the pace of the life history in the field
Metabolic rate reflects the 'pace of life' in every organism. Metabolic rate is related to an organism's capacity for essential maintenance, growth and reproduction—all of which interact to affect fitness. Although thousands of measurements of metabolic rate have been made, the microevolutionary forces that shape metabolic rate remain poorly resolved. The relationship between metabolic rate and components of fitness are often inconsistent, possibly because these fitness components incompletely map to actual fitness and often negatively covary with each other. Here we measure metabolic rate across ontogeny and monitor its effects on actual fitness (lifetime reproductive output) for a marine bryozoan in the field. We also measure key components of fitness throughout the entire life history including growth rate, longevity and age at the onset of reproduction. We found that correlational selection favours individuals with higher metabolic rates in one stage and lower metabolic rates in the other—individuals with similar metabolic rates in each developmental stage displayed the lowest fitness. Furthermore, individuals with the lowest metabolic rates lived for longer and reproduced more, but they also grew more slowly and took longer to reproduce initially. That metabolic rate is related to the pace of the life history in nature has long been suggested by macroevolutionary patterns but this study reveals the microevolutionary processes that probably generated these patterns.
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.