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FIGURE 12 in Definition of families, subfamilies, genera and subgenera of the Eutardigrada, and keys to their identification
FIGURE 12. Bucco-pharyngeal apparatuses of the Hypsibiinae model. A, B, Doryphoribius type (A, in ventral view; B, in lateral view); C, Isohypsibius type; D, Hypsibius type. vl = ventral lamina. (C, from Pilato & Catanzaro, 1989.
FIGURE 11 in Definition of families, subfamilies, genera and subgenera of the Eutardigrada, and keys to their identification
FIGURE 11. Claws of Hypsibiidae. A, claws of the fourth pair of legs of Eremobiotus (modified Isohypsibius type): the branches of each claw are joined to one another for a long portion of their length forming a large common tract by which the two distal tracts diverge forming an angle of almost 180°; B, Claws of Mixibius (the external claw is of the Isohypsbius type; the internal claw of modified Isohypsibius type: the secondary branch and the basal portion of the internal claws form an angle slightly larger than 90° and therefore, in some positions, this claw may seem to be of the Hypsibius type); C, claws of Acutuncus (the external claw is of the Isohypsibius type; the internal claw of the Hypsibius type). (A, from Binda 1969; B, from Pilato & Binda, 1996a; C, from Pilato & Binda, 1997).
FIGURE 10 in Definition of families, subfamilies, genera and subgenera of the Eutardigrada, and keys to their identification
FIGURE 10. Claws of Hypsibiidae. A, Isohypsibius type; B, Hypsibius type; C, Ramazzottius type. (A, from Binda & Pilato, 1971; B, from Binda & Pilato, 1985; C, from Pilato & Rebecchi, 1992).
FIGURE 9 in Definition of families, subfamilies, genera and subgenera of the Eutardigrada, and keys to their identification
FIGURE 9. Claws and bucco-pharyngeal apparatuses of Eohypsibiidae. A, claws; B, bucco-pharyngeal apparatus of the Bertolanius type; C, bucco-pharyngeal apparatus of the Eohypsibius model. ap = accessory points; bs = basal section; lu = lunula; pb = primary branch; sb = secondary branch; stf = stylet furcae. (C, from Pilato & Binda, 1996b).
FIGURE 8 in Definition of families, subfamilies, genera and subgenera of the Eutardigrada, and keys to their identification
FIGURE 8. Bucco-pharyngeal apparatuses of: A, Hexapodibius type; B–D, Calohypsibius type: B, in lateral view; C, in dorsal view; D, in ventral view. cp = caudal processes; da = dorsal apophysis; dlt = dorsal longitudinal thickening; va = ventral apophysis; vl = ventral lamina.
FIGURE 1 in Definition of families, subfamilies, genera and subgenera of the Eutardigrada, and keys to their identification
FIGURE 1. Some types of claws of the Eutardigrada. A, Milnesiidae; B, Hexapodibius (Calohypsibiidae); C, Microhypsibiidae; D, Eohypsibiidae; E, Hypsibius (Hypsibiidae); F, Macrobiotus (Macrobiotidae). ap = accessory points; bs = basal section; bth = basal thickening; ds = distal section; lu = lunula; pb = primary brach; s = stem; sb = secondary branch; sp = spur. (B, from Binda & Pilato, 1969; C, from Pilato, 1998).
FIGURE 5 in Definition of families, subfamilies, genera and subgenera of the Eutardigrada, and keys to their identification
FIGURE 5. Claws and bucco-pharyngeal apparatuses of Milnesiidae. A, claws; B, bucco-pharyngeal apparatus of Milnesium; C, Milnesioides; D,E, Limmenius.(B, from Binda & Pilato, 1990). ap = accessory points; bsp = basal spur; bth = basal thickening; ce pa = cephalic papilla; pb = primary branch; pl = peribuccal lamella; sb = secondary branch; sp = spur. Definitions of families, subfamilies, genera and subgenera
FIGURE 7 in Definition of families, subfamilies, genera and subgenera of the Eutardigrada, and keys to their identification
FIGURE 7. Claws of Calohypsibiidae. A, claws normally developed; B, claws reduced of Hexapodibius; C, claws with reduced secondary branch; D, simple claws (the secondary branch is lacking). ap =accessory points; bs = basal section; pb = primary branch; sb =secondary branch. (A, from Binda & Pilato, 1969; B, from Pilato, 1969a; C, from Pilato, 1973a).
FIGURE 4. Stylet furcae shapes. A in Definition of families, subfamilies, genera and subgenera of the Eutardigrada, and keys to their identification
FIGURE 4. Stylet furcae shapes. A, typically-shaped furcae (the basal portion is enlarged and has two caudal branches with thickened, swollen, rounded apices); B, Richtersius type (the branches, very robust, have thickened but neither swollen nor rounded apices); C, Insuetifurca type (the branches are arched and converging backwards); D, Eohypsibius type (the branches are arched, without particularly swollen apices); E, Mesocrista type (the basal portion is not very enlarged and the branches have thickened, swollen, rounded apices); F, Platicrista type (the branches are pointing backwards instead of backwards and sideways, and on lateral view they are spoon like and tapering at their apices); G, Astatumen type (the branches are very short and taper at their apices); H, Itaquascon type (the branches are very short and without swollen apices); I, Milnesium type (triangular in shape without long branches pointing backwards and sideways). (A, E, F, G from Pilato, 1987. C, from Guidetti & Pilato, 2003).
FIGURE 6 in Definition of families, subfamilies, genera and subgenera of the Eutardigrada, and keys to their identification
FIGURE 6. Paired elliptical organ present in some Calohypsibiidae, in some Hypsibiidae and some Microhypsibiidae. eo = elliptical organ.
FIGURE 3 in Definition of families, subfamilies, genera and subgenera of the Eutardigrada, and keys to their identification
FIGURE 3. Scheme of bucco-pharyngeal apparatuses of Hypsibiidae. A–C, of Hypsibiinae model: A, Doryphoribus type in ventral view; B, the same type in lateral view; C, Hypsibius type; D,E bucco-pharyngeal apparatuses of Itaquasconinae model Diphascon type: D, of the subgenus Diphascon (Adropion); E, of the subgenus Diphascon (Diphascon). bt = buccal tube; cp = caudal processes; da = dorsal apophysis; pht = pharyngeal tube; pp = peribuccal papulae; sp = sagittal plane; st = stylet; stf = stylet furcae; stsh = stylet sheaths; tth = buccal tube thickening; va = ventral apophysis; vl = ventral lamina. (D, from Pilato & Binda, 1983b. E, from Pilato, 1987).
FIGURE 2 in Definition of families, subfamilies, genera and subgenera of the Eutardigrada, and keys to their identification
FIGURE 2. Scheme of bucco-pharyngeal apparatus of Macrobiotus (Macrobiotidae). cp = caudal processes; pha = pharyngal apophyses; pl = peribuccal lamellae; pla = placoids; sp = sagittal plane; st = stylet; stf = stylet furcae; sts = stylet support; stsh = stylet sheaths; vl = ventral lamina.
FIGURE 8 A–D. Cosmocephalus capellae, male. A in Two new nematode species of the genus Cosmocephalus Molin, 1858 (Spirurida: Acuariidae), with an amended generic diagnosis and an identification key to Cosmocephalus spp.
FIGURE 8 A–D. Cosmocephalus capellae, male. A. Anterior end, lateral view; B. Posterior end, lateral view; C. Right spicule, dextral view; D. Left spicule, sinistral view. Scale bars: A–D = 100 μm.
FIGURE 6 A–I. Cosmocephalus obvelatus, SEM. A in Two new nematode species of the genus Cosmocephalus Molin, 1858 (Spirurida: Acuariidae), with an amended generic diagnosis and an identification key to Cosmocephalus spp.
FIGURE 6 A–I. Cosmocephalus obvelatus, SEM. A. Anterior end, female, lateral view; note deirid (arrow); B. Anterior end, male, lateral view; note deirid (arrow); C. Pseudolabia, apical view; note cephalic papillae (arrowheads), amphid (arrow), cuticular swellings dorsally and ventrally at the bases of the pseudolabia (asterisks); D. Anterior end, apical view; note small pores; E. Deirid; F. Postdeirid. G. Posterior end, male, ventral view; note ventral cuticular ridge, precloacal papillae (arrowheads) and cloaca (arrow). H. Caudal alae, note postcloacal papillae (arrowheads). I. Posterior end, female, lateral view; note phasmid (arrow) and nipple-like projection. Scale bars: A, B, H, I = 50 μm; G = 100 μm; C, F = 20 μm; D, E = 10 μm.
FIGURE 7 A, B in Two new nematode species of the genus Cosmocephalus Molin, 1858 (Spirurida: Acuariidae), with an amended generic diagnosis and an identification key to Cosmocephalus spp.
FIGURE 7 A, B. Cosmocephalus jaenschi, paratype, male. A. Anterior end, lateral view; B. Posterior end, lateral view. Scale bars: A, B = 100 μm.
FIGURE 5 A–H. Cosmocephalus obvelatus. A in Two new nematode species of the genus Cosmocephalus Molin, 1858 (Spirurida: Acuariidae), with an amended generic diagnosis and an identification key to Cosmocephalus spp.
FIGURE 5 A–H. Cosmocephalus obvelatus. A. Anterior end, female, lateral view; B. Anterior end, male, lateral view; C. Vagina, lateral view; D. Caudal end, female, ventral view; E. Posterior end, female, lateral view; F. Left spicule, sinistral view; G. Egg; H. Right spicule, dextral view. Scale bars: A–C, E, F, H = 100 μm; D = 200 μm; G = 25 μm.
FIGURE 3 A–F. Cosmocephalus podicipis n in Two new nematode species of the genus Cosmocephalus Molin, 1858 (Spirurida: Acuariidae), with an amended generic diagnosis and an identification key to Cosmocephalus spp.
FIGURE 3 A–F. Cosmocephalus podicipis n. sp. A. Vulva; B. Posterior end, female; note nipple-like projection (arrowhead) and, phasmid (arrow); C. Posterior end, male, ventral view. D. Posterior end of male; ventral view; note sessile papillae (white arrowheads), pedunculate papillae (arrows) and phasmids (black arrowheads). E. Precloacal region of tail, ventral view; note papillae (arrowheads) and ventral cuticular ridge (arrow). F. Distal end of left spicule. Scale bars: A, B, F = 10 μm; C, E = 50 μm; D = 20 μm.
FIGURE 2 A–G. Cosmocephalus podicipis n in Two new nematode species of the genus Cosmocephalus Molin, 1858 (Spirurida: Acuariidae), with an amended generic diagnosis and an identification key to Cosmocephalus spp.
FIGURE 2 A–G. Cosmocephalus podicipis n. sp., female, SEM. A. Anterior end, lateral view; note deirid (arrow); B. Pseudolabium, lateral view; note cephalic papillae (arrowheads), amphid (arrow), cuticular swellings dorsally and ventrally at the bases of the pseudolabia (asterisks); C. Anterior end, apical view; note cephalic papillae (arrowheads), amphids (arrows), cuticular swellings dorsally and ventrally at the bases of the pseudolabia (asterisks); D. Lateral alae; note deirids (arrowheads) and excretory pore (arrow); E. Cuticular plates, detail from the middle part of the descending arm of a cordon; F. Deirid; G. Postdeirid. Scale bars: A = 100 μm; B, C, E–G = 10 μm; D = 50 μm.
FIGURE 1 A–G. Cosmocephalus podicipis n in Two new nematode species of the genus Cosmocephalus Molin, 1858 (Spirurida: Acuariidae), with an amended generic diagnosis and an identification key to Cosmocephalus spp.
FIGURE 1 A–G. Cosmocephalus podicipis n. sp. A. Anterior end, female, lateral view; B. Anterior end, male, lateral view; C. Vagina, lateral view; D. Posterior end, male, lateral view; E. Caudal end, female, lateral view; F. Egg; G. Right spicule, dextral view. Scale bars: A–E, G = 100 μm; F = 25 μm.
FIGURE 4 A–G. Cosmocephalus pelecani n in Two new nematode species of the genus Cosmocephalus Molin, 1858 (Spirurida: Acuariidae), with an amended generic diagnosis and an identification key to Cosmocephalus spp.
FIGURE 4 A–G. Cosmocephalus pelecani n. sp. A. Anterior end, female, lateral view; B. Anterior end, male, lateral view; C. Vagina, lateral view; D. Egg; E. Right spicule, dextral view; F. Posterior end, male, lateral view; G. Caudal end, female, lateral view. Scale bars: A–C, E–G = 100 μm; D = 25 μm.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.