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A comparative study of the effectivity of MSC-based, NP-based and combined therapies in an experimental model of NaIO3-induced retinal degeneration

<div>Background</div> <div>Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are currently tested as one of the promising options for the therapy of retinal diseases, due to their immunomodulatory and neuroprotective abilities. However, there are several limitations associated with this type of treatment. Therefore, combinations of MSCs with other therapeutic agents are being considered. One of such approaches is represented by the application of MSCs with nanoparticles (NPs), which are widely used in medicine for their antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties. Nevertheless, there is a possibility of negative effects of NPs on MSCs.</div> <div>Methods</div> <div>In this study, we tested the in vitro and in vivo effect of silver (Ag) NPs on the properties of MSCs in an experimental mouse model of chronic retinal degeneration induced by sodium iodate.</div> <div>Results</div> <div>The results showed that simultaneous intravitreal administration of MSCs with AgNPs had no effect on the survival of MSCs in the eye, but a less effective regulation of Iba-1 (activated microglia/macrophages) and interleukin-1β expression in the retinal tissue compared to MSCs or AgNP only treated groups was observed. However, all treated groups had decreased expression of the gene for galectin-3 compared to the untreated control. In addition, MSCs applied alone or in combination with AgNPs and sorted from the degenerated retina on day 7 after application had increased expression of genes for specific retinal markers, and for transforming growth factor-β and insulin-like growth factor-1 compared to untreated naïve MSCs. On the contrary, the increased expression of the gene for glial cell-derived growth factor was observed only in the MSCs combined with AgNPs. However, the application of MSCs with AgNPs triggered increased expression for the IL-6 gene in the CD45 cells separated from the retina.</div> <div>Conclusion</div> <div>Overall, the results show that the application of MSCs or AgNPs has an immunomodulatory effect in chronic retinal degeneration, but the combined application of MSCs and AgNPs could decrease the effects of a single therapy.</div>

Comparing greenhouse and field biocrust cultivation methods in the Sonoran Desert

Summary 1.     Developing methods to use biocrusts in restoration is becoming more important as land use and climate change impact the health and intactness of high-stress ecosystems. Methods of cultivation to maximize production of biocrusts for use in restoration activities is necessary because salvage opportunities are limited. Our objective for this research was to determine an optimal method for scalable biocrust cultivation. 2.     We tested two Field and one Greenhouse cultivation methods. The Field cultivation methods had a base layer of weed cloth, soil, and irrigation with either 1) shade cloth immediately over the surface (Quesadilla method), or 2) with shade cloth over a 1m tall hoophouse (Hoophouse method). The Greenhouse method had nested basins with water wicking up to the soil surface and biocrust from below, with shade cloth attached to basins. We crossed these methods with the addition of native soil or sand and with and without a base of jute using salvaged biocrusts from the Sonoran Desert. 3.     All methods led to at least doubling biocrust cover in 11 weeks. The Greenhouse method led to the highest cover of cyanobacteria and mosses, whereas the field Quesadilla method and the addition of native soil in all cultivation methods led to higher abundance of lichens. There were interactions of cultivation method and soil type, with Greenhouse cultivation and native soil promoting the highest cyanobacteria cover and chlorophyll a. We measured exopolysaccharide sheaths (EPS) in native soil and all cultivation conditions, finding no differences for tightly bound sheath fractions, but higher quantities of the loosely bound EPS in the Greenhouse. We also quantified native and non-native plants in cultivation, finding few plants in Greenhouse cultivation, but high abundance in both Field methods, and particularly with native soil and without jute for native plants. 4.     Synthesis and applications: Together, these results demonstrate that all three cultivation methods are successful for bulking biocrust materials for restoration, and preference should be given to the method that is the easiest and most accessible for practitioners.

Assessing digital infrastructure in internet use: A comparative study of South East Asia and the Balkan Region

Data used for assessing digital infrastructure in internet use - comparison of South East Asia and Balkan Region. Data on mobile cellular, fixed broadband, GDP, Key global ICT indicators . Data collected and processed as part of the ODDEA (Overcoming Digital Divide Between Europe and Southeast Asia) EU research project (Project ID: HORIZON MSCA-SE 101086381)

Dog neuroimaging data from: Action observation reveals a network with divergent temporal and parietal cortex engagement in dogs compared to humans

Action observation is a fundamental pillar of social cognition. Neuroimaging research has revealed a human and non-human primate action observation network (AON) encompassing fronto-temporo-parietal areas with links to the species’ imitation tendencies and relative lobe expansion. Dogs (Canis familiaris) have good action perception and imitation skills and a less expanded parietal than temporal cortex, but their AON remains unexplored. We conducted a functional MRI study with 28 dogs and 40 humans and found functionally analogous involvement of somatosensory and temporal brain areas of both species’ AONs and responses to transitive and intransitive action observation in line with their imitative skills. Employing a functional localizer, we also identified functionally analogous agent-responsive areas within both species’ AONs. However, activation and task-based functional connectivity measures suggested significantly less parietal cortex involvement in dogs than in humans. These findings advance our understanding of the neural bases of action understanding and the convergent evolution of social cognition, with analogies and differences resulting from similar social environments and divergent brain expansion, respectively. This data set contains: <ul> <li>raw functional neuroimaging data of N = 28 dogs</li> <li>structural scans of the same dogs including brain masks & skull-stripped versions</li> <li>eventfiles containing the condition names, onsets and durations for each dog and task run</li> </ul> Data of the comparative human neuroimaging sample will be made available by the first author upon reasonable request. Please also visit our Open Science Framework project site for group-level imaging data of both species (https://osf.io/z479k/).

Authors and Theories - Comparative table (Update October 2024)

This Excel file features a comparative chronological table/report including data on authors, theories, discoveries, inventions, major events, studies, and the preliminary results of my research work carried out through the outgoing phase of my MSCA Fellowship at Johns Hopkins University and Ca' Foscari University Venice (Horizon 2020 – MGA MSCA-IF – Grant agreement No. 101019781 – SOUNDEPTH).

SENTIMENT ANALYSIS OF CUSTOMER FEEDBACK IN THE BANKING SECTOR: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MACHINE LEARNING MODELS

This study investigates the application of sentiment analysis to customer feedback in the banking sector, utilizing natural language processing (NLP) techniques and machine learning models to classify customer sentiments into positive, neutral, and negative categories. Feedback was sourced from online platforms, including bank websites, social media, and third-party review sites. Data preprocessing steps, such as tokenization, stemming, and feature extraction using TF-IDF, were employed to prepare the text for analysis. Various machine learning algorithms, including Logistic Regression, Random Forest, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and Naïve Bayes, were implemented and evaluated using metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. The results show that LSTM outperformed all models with a 91% accuracy, followed closely by SVM at 89%. These findings demonstrate the potential of advanced machine learning techniques in accurately classifying sentiments and provide valuable insights into customer satisfaction and areas for improvement within the banking sector. Future work aims to further optimize models for better classification of neutral feedback and explore more advanced deep learning models, such as BERT.

The efficacy of hemoglobin spray in wound management: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of comparative studies

PRISMA flow

Four spatial prediction datasets of susceptibility to gully erosion, comparing machine learning models, in the Piraí drainage basin, southeastern Brazil

The data in this repository refer to the article published in the journal Land, entitled: Machine Learning Models for the Spatial Prediction of Gully Erosion Susceptibility in the Piraí Drainage Basin, Paraíba do Sul Middle Valley, Southeast Brazil.

BEHAVIOURAL PATTERNS OF CHILDREN IN KADUNA STATE ORPHANAGES: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

Background: - The plight of orphans, exacerbated by conflict, disease, and socioeconomic factors, remains a pressing global issue, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Nigeria, notably impacted by the HIV/AIDS epidemic, terrorism, and natural disasters, has witnessed a substantial increase in orphan populations. These children face severe challenges, including child abuse, malnutrition, limited access to education, stigmatization, and a range of psychological and behavioral disorders. Despite some interventions, orphanages primarily address material needs, often neglecting comprehensive medical, social, and psychosocial support. This study explores the behavioral patterns of orphans in Kaduna, Nigeria, and examines how their medical and social challenges compare across various orphanages. Methodology: - A cross-sectional, comparative analysis was conducted among 100 orphans from selected orphanages in Kaduna. Data were collected through interviewer-administered questionnaires assessing socio-demographics, medical conditions, behavioral patterns, stigma, psychosocial status, and coping strategies. Results: - The mean age of respondents was 10 years, with 68% being male. Nutritional issues were prevalent, with 53.7% classified as underweight despite 54.9% reportedly consuming balanced diets. Medical concerns were significant, with 33.7% showing clinical signs of illness and 46.7% not fully immunized. Behavioral issues were prominent, including hyperactivity symptoms (27.0%), enuresis (22.3%), and depressive symptoms (1.8%). Socially, most respondents (83.3%) reported positive peer relationships, though bullying (11.4%) and stigmatization (9%) were also observed. Educational access was generally high, with only 2.2% not attending school. However, social support systems varied, with 35.2% reporting strong support and 46.8% adapting their goals as a coping mechanism. Conclusion: - The findings highlight the complex medical and behavioral challenges faced by orphans in Kaduna's orphanages, underscoring the need for integrated interventions that provide medical, psychosocial, and educational support. A holistic approach is crucial to improving their overall well-being and future prospects.

The raw data for the research "Comparing Neural Network Models Based on Macro Perspective Economic and Environmental Indicators with ARIMA Model in predicting Construction Cost Index in UK"

The raw data for the research "Comparing Neural Network Models Based on Macro Perspective Economic and Environmental Indicators with ARIMA Model in predicting Construction Cost Index in UK". Data collector: Runda Zheng

Linked collectors and determiners for: Tropical epiphyte diversity under human impact ? Comparing primary forests, secondary forests, and forest fragments in Ecuador - Otonga.

Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Tropical epiphyte diversity under human impact ? Comparing primary forests, secondary forests, and forest fragments in Ecuador - Otonga". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/08a79618-374c-4014-9e71-3194ef3cf69a">https://bionomia.net/dataset/08a79618-374c-4014-9e71-3194ef3cf69a</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/08a79618-374c-4014-9e71-3194ef3cf69a">https://gbif.org/dataset/08a79618-374c-4014-9e71-3194ef3cf69a</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.

Linked collectors and determiners for: The reptiles, amphibians and fishes collection (ZA) in the Comparative Anatomy Collection of the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN - Paris).

Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "The reptiles, amphibians and fishes collection (ZA) in the Comparative Anatomy Collection of the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN - Paris)". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/9ffdd244-3e59-40a8-b064-cfdd84d40231">https://bionomia.net/dataset/9ffdd244-3e59-40a8-b064-cfdd84d40231</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/9ffdd244-3e59-40a8-b064-cfdd84d40231">https://gbif.org/dataset/9ffdd244-3e59-40a8-b064-cfdd84d40231</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.

Linked collectors and determiners for: Pachycoris torridus (Scopoli) and P. klugii Burmeister: a comparative study of the genital morphology of two polychromatic Pachycorinae (Heteroptera, Scutelleridae).

Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Pachycoris torridus (Scopoli) and P. klugii Burmeister: a comparative study of the genital morphology of two polychromatic Pachycorinae (Heteroptera, Scutelleridae)". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/6db0888d-983c-4766-aafd-f565fece0887">https://bionomia.net/dataset/6db0888d-983c-4766-aafd-f565fece0887</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/6db0888d-983c-4766-aafd-f565fece0887">https://gbif.org/dataset/6db0888d-983c-4766-aafd-f565fece0887</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.

Linked collectors and determiners for: Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University.

Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/4bfac3ea-8763-4f4b-a71a-76a6f5f243d3">https://bionomia.net/dataset/4bfac3ea-8763-4f4b-a71a-76a6f5f243d3</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/4bfac3ea-8763-4f4b-a71a-76a6f5f243d3">https://gbif.org/dataset/4bfac3ea-8763-4f4b-a71a-76a6f5f243d3</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.

Linked collectors and determiners for: Tropical epiphyte diversity under human impact ? Comparing primary forests, secondary forests, and forest fragments in Ecuador - Bilsa.

Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Tropical epiphyte diversity under human impact ? Comparing primary forests, secondary forests, and forest fragments in Ecuador - Bilsa". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/42962fd5-34ee-4666-abdb-04e8ba4d23b0">https://bionomia.net/dataset/42962fd5-34ee-4666-abdb-04e8ba4d23b0</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/42962fd5-34ee-4666-abdb-04e8ba4d23b0">https://gbif.org/dataset/42962fd5-34ee-4666-abdb-04e8ba4d23b0</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.

opencc-zeroOct 2024View details →

Linked collectors and determiners for: Comparative geometric morphometrics of male genitalia in Xiphocentron subgenera (Trichoptera: Xiphocentronidae): new species, revision and phylogenetic systematics of the subgenus Sphagocentron.

Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Comparative geometric morphometrics of male genitalia in Xiphocentron subgenera (Trichoptera: Xiphocentronidae): new species, revision and phylogenetic systematics of the subgenus Sphagocentron". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/69a3ae72-af6c-4b7b-a4b1-7af0ed275a43">https://bionomia.net/dataset/69a3ae72-af6c-4b7b-a4b1-7af0ed275a43</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/69a3ae72-af6c-4b7b-a4b1-7af0ed275a43">https://gbif.org/dataset/69a3ae72-af6c-4b7b-a4b1-7af0ed275a43</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.

opencc-zeroOct 2024View details →

Linked collectors and determiners for: Revisiting the taxonomy and molecular systematics of Sesamia stemborers (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Apameini: Sesamiina): updated classification and comparative evaluation of species delimitation methods.

Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Revisiting the taxonomy and molecular systematics of Sesamia stemborers (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Apameini: Sesamiina): updated classification and comparative evaluation of species delimitation methods". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/0dedf555-acec-471d-a197-0a2cfe1a1329">https://bionomia.net/dataset/0dedf555-acec-471d-a197-0a2cfe1a1329</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/0dedf555-acec-471d-a197-0a2cfe1a1329">https://gbif.org/dataset/0dedf555-acec-471d-a197-0a2cfe1a1329</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.

dryad40/100

Data from: The comparative biogeography of Philippine geckos challenges predictions from a paradigm of climate-driven vicariant diversification across an island archipelago

A primary goal of biogeography is to understand how large-scale environmental processes, like climate change, affect diversification. One often-invoked but seldom tested process is the so-called ''species-pump'' model, in which repeated bouts of co-speciation is driven by oscillating climate-induced habitat connectivity cycles. For example, over the past three million years, the landscape of the Philippine Islands has repeatedly coalesced and fragmented due to sea-level changes associated with the glacial cycles. This repeated climate-driven vicariance has been proposed as a model of speciation across evolutionary lineages codistributed throughout the islands. This model predicts speciation times that are temporally clustered around the times when interglacial rises in sea level fragmented the islands. Given the significance and conceptual impact the model has shown, surprisingly few tests of this prediction have been provided. We collected comparative genomic data from 16 pairs of insular gecko populations to test the prediction of temporally clustered divergences. Specifically, we analyze these data in a full-likelihood, Bayesian model-choice framework to test for shared divergence times among the pairs. Our results provide support against the species-pump model prediction in favor of an alternative interpretation, namely that each pair of gecko populations diverged independently. These results suggest the repeated bouts of climate-driven landscape fragmentation has not been an important mechanism of speciation for gekkonid lizards on the Philippine Islands. Interpretations of shared mechanisms of diversification historically have been pervasive in biogeography, often advanced on the basis of taxonomy-based depictions of species distributions. Our results call for possible re-evaluation of other, classic co-diversification studies in a variety of geographic systems.

opencc-zeroDec 2018View details →

opencc-by-4.0Oct 2004View details →

Fig. 2 in Comparative Postnatal Ontogeny of the Skull in Dromiciops gliroides (Marsupialia: Microbiotheriidae)

Fig. 2. Comparison of skull shape in young (A–D) and adult (E–H) Dromiciops gliroides. Dorsal (A, E), ventral (B, F), lateral (C, G), and mandible (D, H). Abbreviations: an, angular process; astp, tympanic process of the alisphenoid; c, lower canine; Ca, upper canine; ctpp, caudal tympanic process of petrosal; dp3, lower deciduous third premolar; dP3, upper deciduous third premolar; M2, upper second molar; m3, lower third molar; p3, lower third premolar; P3, upper third premolar; rtpp, rostral tympanic process of petrosal. Scale bars: 5 mm.