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91,407 results for “Effectiveness”
CLIMATE CHANGE EFFECTS ON A SUBTROPICAL COASTAL SHALLOW LAKE FROM HEATWAVE INDEXES
<p>This zipped folder contains the files used to generate the results of this article, submitted to the journal Earth Systems and Environment.</p>
HISTOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS OF ACTION BITTERS ON THE TESTES OF ADULT MALE WISTAR RATS
<p>Action Bitters, a popular herbal concoction, has been traditionally used to treat various health conditions, including those related to the male reproductive system. Despite its widespread use, there is a dearth of scientific evidence on its effects on the testes. This study aimed to investigate the histological changes in the testes of adult male Wistar rats following administration of Action Bitters.</p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> Fifteen adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups (n = 5). Group A served as the normal control, while groups B and C received 10% (0.66ml/kg) and 5% (0.33ml/kg) lethal dose 50 (Ld50) of Action Bitters, respectively. The Ld50 values were calculated based on the median lethal dose of the herbal remedy. The rats were administered the herbal remedy for a period of one month, after which they were sacrificed, and their testes collected for histological examination.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> Microscopic examination of the testicular tissue samples revealed no evidence of abnormal cellular changes or tissue damage. The tissue samples appeared normal, with no signs of inflammation, necrosis, or apoptosis.</p> <p><strong>Discussion:</strong> The findings of this study suggest that Action Bitters does not induce histological changes in the testes of adult male Wistar rats. These results provide new insights into the potential mechanism of action of the herbal medication on testicular function. The study highlights the importance of considering both histological and biochemical assessments when evaluating the effects of herbal remedies on reproductive health.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> This study contributes to the growing body of knowledge on the effects of herbal remedies on the male reproductive system. The findings suggest that Action Bitters may be a safe and effective herbal remedy for treating reproductive health issues, and further research is warranted to explore its potential benefits and mechanisms of action.</p>
Results Data: Understanding the distributional effects of recurrent floods in the Philippines
<p>This dataset provides all the files required to visualize the main Figures of the paper:</p> <p>Sauer, Inga and Walsh, Brian James and Frieler, Katja and Bresch, David N. and Otto, Christian, Understanding the Distributional Effects of Recurrent Floods in the Philippines (May 27, 2024).</p> <p>The filenames indicate the figures for which the dataset serve as input. The name "haz" indicates a file that provides flooded areas, the final number indicates the admin1 region.</p> <p>keff-> capital stock damage</p> <p>cons_sm-> consumption loss smoothed with savings</p> <p>wb_sm-> well-being loss smoothed with savings</p>
The spreading of magnetic reconnection X-line in particle-in-cell simulations– mechanism and the effect of drift-kink instability
<p>This dataset contains data and Python scripts in "The spreading of magnetic reconnection X-line in particle-in-cell simulations– mechanism and the effect of drift-kink instability" prepared to submit to the Journal of Geophysical Research. </p>
Effectively controlling for sample relatedness in large-scale GWAS: application to 79 EHR-derived longitudinal traits
<p><span>Sample relatedness is a major confounder in genome-wide association studies (GWAS), potentially leading to inflated type I error rates if not appropriately controlled. A common strategy is to incorporate a random effect related to genetic relatedness matrix (GRM) into regression models. However, this approach is challenging for large-scale GWAS of complex traits, such as longitudinal traits. Here we propose a scalable and accurate analysis framework, SPA<sub>GRM</sub>, which controls for sample relatedness via a precise approximation of the joint distribution of genotypes. SPA<sub>GRM</sub> can utilize GRM-free models and thus is applicable to various trait types and statistical methods, including linear mixed models and generalized estimation equations for longitudinal traits. A hybrid strategy incorporating saddlepoint approximation greatly increases the accuracy to analyze low-frequency and rare genetic variants, especially in unbalanced phenotypic distributions. We also introduce SPA<sub>GRM(CCT)</sub> to aggregate the results following different models via Cauchy combination test. Extensive simulations and real data analyses demonstrated that SPA<sub>GRM</sub> maintains well-controlled type I error rates and SPA<sub>GRM(CCT)</sub> can serve as a broadly effective method. Applying SPA<sub>GRM</sub> to 79 longitudinal traits extracted from</span><span> </span><span>UK Biobank primary care data, we identified 7,463 genetic loci, making a pioneering attempt to conduct GWAS for these traits as longitudinal traits.</span></p>
Data Extracted for the Systematic Literature Review on Non-profit Open data Intermediaries and their effects on Open data Usability Barriers
<p>The dataset contains the data extracted from the literature for the Systematic Literature Review and is referenced or used in the extended abstract titled "How do Non-profit Open data Intermediaries enhance Open data Usability? A Systematic Literature Review", submitted to the 18th International Symposium on Open Collaboration (Companion), September 6–10, 2022, Madrid, Spain. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3555051.3555061" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.1145/3555051.3555061</a> </p>
Temporary Allee effects among non-stationary recruitment dynamics in depleted gadid and flatfish populations
<p>We investigated whether low-abundance recruitment dynamics can change in time between compensation and depensation, the latter implying the presence of the Allee effect. For this, we studied the stock-recruitment time series of 17 gadid and flatfish populations in the RAM Legacy Stock Assessment Database using a Bayesian change point model. The recruitment dynamics were represented with the sigmoidal Beverton-Holt and the Saila-Lorda stock-recruitment models, and the parameters of the models were allowed to shift at a priori unknown change points.</p>
Shaped by the sun: the effect of exposure to sunlight on the evolution of spider bodies
<p>Body temperature strongly influences fitness. Some sun-exposed ectotherms thermoregulate by adjusting body posture according to the sun's position. To evaluate the impact of body shape, size and posture on body temperature, we first built a model combining traditional heat transfer models with models of thermoregulatory postures in spiders. The model indicates that both body size and shape determine thermoregulation efficiency by affecting heat gain via solar irradiance. These estimates corroborate previous empirical studies on spider thermoregulation. We then coupled meteorological data to our heat transfer model. The model predicts that body elongation in large orb-web spiders decreases the risk of high body temperatures. Lastly, we measured the elongation of orb-web spiders across 1,024 species and found that sun-exposed species evolved more elongate bodies than sun-protected species. Overall, our results suggest that thermoregulation influenced the evolution of body shapes of orb-web spiders.</p>
Data for "Neglecting the coupled effect of coastal flooding and erosion can lead to spurious projections and maladaptation"
<p>Data for the reproduction of the figures in the manuscript "Neglecting the coupled effect of coastal flooding and erosion can lead to spurious projections and maladaptation".</p>
Metadata of "Effect of chemical substitution on the surface charge of the photosynthetic Reaction Center from Rhodobactersphaeroides: an in-silico investigation"
<p>Metadata of "Effect of chemical substitution on the surface charge of the photosynthetic Reaction Center from Rhodobactersphaeroides: an in-silico investigation"</p>
Data for "Microscopic origin of the effect of substrate metallicity on interfacial free energies"
<p>Data related to the article "Microscopic origin of the effect of substrate metallicity on interfacial free energies"</p> <p>Laura Scalfi, Benjamin Rotenberg, arXiv:2105.06799 [physics.chem-ph]</p> <p> </p>
Dataset for publication "Measurement of Dynamic Voltage Variation Effect on Instrument Transformers for Power Grid Applications"
<p>This is dataset related to paper published in 2020 IEEE I2MTC Conference proceedings:</p> <p>Crotti G., Giordano D., Letizia P. S., Delle Femine A., Gallo D., Landi C., Luiso M., Barbieri L., Mazza P., Pallidini D., (2020, October 29). Measurement of Dynamic Voltage Variation Effect on Instrument Transformers for Power Grid Applications. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4154617</p> <p>Excel file contains the data for Figure 10 and following parameter evaluation.</p>
Data from: Improving the Effectiveness of the Solid-Solution-Strengthening Elements Mo, Re, Ru and W in Single-Crystalline Nickel-Based Superalloys
<p>This dataset is the basis for the journal article "Improving the Effectiveness of the Solid-Solution-Strengthening Elements Mo, Re, Ru and W in Single-Crystalline Nickel-Based Superalloys" (<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/met11111707">doi.org/10.3390/met11111707</a>). </p> <p>Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Electron-Probe Mirco-Analysis (EPMA equipped with WDS detectors), Compression Creep and CalPhaD calculation data are included in this dataset. In the resulting article the partitioning and solid solution strengthening behavior of the elements Mo, Re, Ru, and W are investigated in three different alloy collections:</p> <p>"Reference" alloys: ERBO/1 (based on the commercial alloy CMSX-4), ERBO/13 (optimized alloy: <a href="http://doi.org/10.1088/0965-0393/23/3/035004">doi.org/10.1088/0965-0393/23/3/035004</a>) and ERBO/15 (optimized alloy: <a href="http://doi.org/10.1002/9781119075646.ch4">doi.org/10.1002/9781119075646.ch4</a>)</p> <p>"Model" alloys: ERBO/17, ERBO/18, ERBO/19 and ERBO/32 - experimental SX Nickel-Based superalloys to investigate the influence of Ti and Ta on the partitioning behavior of W</p> <p>"Experimental" alloys: EXP10, EXP11, EXP12, EXP13, EXP14, EXP15, EXP16, EXP17, EXP18 - general investigation of the behavior of Mo, Re, Ru and W, in terms of partitioning and thermophysical properties.</p> <p>_________</p> <p> </p> <p>CalPhaD data: short meta data file included in the respective subdirectory</p> <p>DSC data: Meta data as header in each file</p> <p>EPMA data: For each alloy a directory includes a general meta data file "0.cnd", an element specific meta data file "*.cnd" and the actual mapping data of each element "*.txt" (element name is listed in the corresponding specific meta data file). All element compositions are given in wt.-% in the mapping data .txt files. Exceptions: "COMPO" maps represent the total amount of detector counts; The values correspond to counts if the mapping .txt files contain non-float (e.g. integer) values (usually this means that there is very little or none of that element present and should therefore not be quantified to a wt.-% value).</p> <p>Creep: short meta data file included in the respective subdirectory</p>
Data and code for: Viviparous mothers impose stronger glucocorticoid‐mediated maternal stress effects on their offspring than oviparous mothers
<p><strong>Data and code accompanying the manuscript "Viviparous mothers impose stronger glucocorticoid‐mediated maternal stress effects on their offspring than oviparous mothers", MacLeod KJ, While GM, Uller, T, Ecology & Evolution 2021.</strong></p> <p>Code is in an R file - can be opened with any txt app.</p> <p>Metadata is in sheet 2 of the main data sheet (xlsx).</p> <p>Queries to kirstyjmacleod@gmail.com</p> <p><strong>Publication abstract</strong>: Maternal stress during gestation has the potential to affect offspring development via changes in maternal physiology, such as increases in circulating levels of glucocorticoid hormones that are typical after exposure to a stressor. While the effects of elevated maternal glucocorticoids on offspring phenotype (i.e., “glucocorticoid‐mediated maternal effects”) have been relatively well established in laboratory studies, it remains poorly understood how strong and consistent such effects are in natural populations. Using a meta‐analysis of studies of wild mammals, birds, and reptiles, we investigate the evidence for effects of elevated maternal glucocorticoids on offspring phenotype and investigate key moderators that might influence the strength and direction of these effects. In particular, we investigate the potential importance of reproductive mode (viviparity vs. oviparity). We show that glucocorticoid‐mediated maternal effects are stronger, and likely more deleterious, in mammals and viviparous squamate reptiles compared with birds, turtles, and oviparous squamates. No other moderators (timing and type of manipulation, age at offspring measurement, or type of trait measured) were significant predictors of the strength or direction of the phenotypic effects on offspring. These results provide evidence that the evolution of a prolonged physiological association between embryo and mother sets the stage for maladaptive, or adaptive, prenatal stress effects in vertebrates driven by glucocorticoid elevation.</p>
Effects of different types of low-intensity management on plant-pollinator interactions in Estonian grasslands
<p>In the face of global pollinator decline, extensively-managed grasslands play an important role in supporting stable pollinator communities. However, different types of extensive management may promote particular plant species and thus particular functional traits. As the functional traits of flowering plant species (e.g. flower size and shape) in a habitat determine the identity and frequency of pollinator visitors, they can also influence the structures of plant-pollinator interaction networks. The aim of this study was to examine how the type of low-intensity traditional management influences plant and pollinator composition, the structure of plant-pollinator interactions, and their mediation by floral and insect functional traits. Specifically, we compared mown wooded meadows to grazed alvar pastures in western Estonia. We found that both management types fostered equal diversity of plants and pollinators, and overlapping, though still distinct, plant and pollinator compositions. Wooded meadows had significantly higher connectance and specialisation, while alvar pastures achieved higher Shannon diversity at a standardised sampling of interactions. Pollinators with small body sizes and short proboscis lengths were more specialised in their preference for particular plant species and the specialisation of individual pollinators was higher in alvar pastures than in wooded meadows. All in all, the two management types promoted diverse plant and pollinator communities, which enabled the development of equally even and nested pollination networks. The same generalist plants and pollinators were important for the pollination networks of both wooded meadows and alvar pastures; however, they were complemented by management-specific species, which accounted for differences in network structure. Therefore, the implementation of both management types in the same landscape helps to maintain high species and interaction diversity.</p>
Effects of phenotypic plasticity on species coexistence
<p>Data generated during a study on the effects of phenotypic plasticity on species coexistence.</p> <p>Hess_etal_Data_Competition_01.csv contains data generated during competition trials between two species (Lemna minor and Spirodela polyrhiza). Prior to the competition trials, replicate populations of these species were subject to one of two different levels of an experimental treatment - either low-frequency plasticity-induction or a high-frequency plasticity-induction. Refer to manuscript for full details.</p> <p>Hess_etal_Data_Traits_01.csv contains data on morphological traits of Lemna minor and Spirodela polyrhiza subject to either low- or high-frequency plasticity-induction. Refer to manuscript for full details.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Fig. 3 in Effects Of Leaf-Litter Addition On Carabid Beetles In A Non-Native Norway Spruce Plantation
Fig. 3. Seasonal dynamics of the average number of individuals per trap for the two species (± S. E.)
Fig. 1 in Effects Of Leaf-Litter Addition On Carabid Beetles In A Non-Native Norway Spruce Plantation
Fig. 1. Ordination (NMDS) of the pitfall catches based on the Bray-Curtis similarity index. ¡: Traps of the control plots and l: Traps of the leaf-litter plots
Allee effects and the allee-effect zone in northwest atlantic cod
<p>According to the theory of compensatory dynamics, depleted populations should recover when the threat responsible for their decline is removed because per capita population growth is assumed to be highest when populations are at their smallest viable sizes. Yet, many seriously depleted fish populations have failed to recover despite threat mitigation. Atlantic cod (<i>Gadus morhua</i>) off Newfoundland despite thirty years of dramatically reduced fishing mortality and numerous fishery closures has not recovered suggesting that drivers other than fishing regulate the growth of collapsed fish populations, inhibiting or preventing their recovery. Here, using Bayesian inference, we show strong evidence of Allee effects in a south Newfoundland cod population, based on data on recruitment and spawning stock biomass. We infer the Allee-effect threshold, below which recovery is impaired. We demonstrate the necessity of data at low population sizes to make inferences about the nature of low-abundance dynamics. Our work indicates that Allee effects are not negligible in commercially exploited fish populations, as commonly projected, and that they represent an inhibitory force that can effectively prevent recovery from overfishing. Our findings contrast with prevailing fisheries management practices that assume compensatory dynamics at low abundances with potential to seriously overestimate the recovery potential of collapsed populations.</p>
Balloon-borne Aerosol-Cloud Interaction Studies (BACIS): Field campaigns to understand and quantify aerosol effects on clouds
<p>The dataset uploaded on Zenodo consists of in-situ measurements from specialised balloon borne sondes used in the field campaign named BACIS (Balloon borne Aerosol Cloud Interaction Studies) conducted from Gadanki, a location in Southern Peninsular India. Note that raw data from the observations is only uploaded here. There is lot more post processing of data carried out during our analysis for brining out meaningful data. Hence the users are cautioned in using the raw data for analysis and kindly advised to approach us for the post processed, quality controlled data. </p>
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.