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5,061 results for “access”
Data from: Nectar accessibility determines fitness, flower choice and abundance of hoverflies that provide natural pest control
1. In modern agricultural landscapes many organisms providing ecosystem services such as pollination and natural pest control are likely constrained by shortage of nectar and/or pollen required for adult nutrition. More and more flower-rich field margin strips and other habitats are created to eliminate these constraints. For most target organisms, however, it is not well known which (types of) flowers are effective in providing suitable pollen and nectar. 2. We studied the suitability of a wide range of flowers as a food source for zoophagous hoverflies (hoverflies with predatory larvae) at five different levels: nectar accessibility (based on flower morphology), realized adult fitness, flower choice (both based on cage experiments), flower visitation, and hoverfly abundance in mixed vegetation (both based on field observations). 3. Realized survival of Episyrphus balteatus is related to effective flower depth by a sigmoid function. The critical flower depth is 1.6 mm, which is less than the proboscis size of the hoverfly. For Asteraceae the critical floret depth is even less than 1.0 mm, which – in contrast to common knowledge – rules out most species within this family. 4. Both flower choice in the laboratory and flower visitation rates in the field are well correlated with nectar accessibility and realized adult survival. 5. In mixed floral vegetation the number of zoophagous hoverflies is highly correlated with the abundance of only those flowers that have accessible nectar for these hoverflies. 6. Synthesis and applications. This comparative study demonstrates that nectar (and not pollen) accessibility is the main driver determining flower resource suitability, flower choice and abundance of zoophagous hoverflies in arable field margins. The study identifies the limited range of plant species that can effectively support these beneficial insects. Preserving the right flowers in and around agricultural fields could enhance local populations and the pest control and pollination services they provide.
Data from: Requirements and access needs of patients with chronic disease to their hospital electronic health record: results of a cross-sectional questionnaire survey
Objectives: To identify patient's views on the functionality required for personalised access to the secondary care EHR and their priorities for development. Design: Quantitative analysis of a cross-sectional self-complete survey of patient views on required EHR functionality from a secondary care EHR, including a patient ranking of functionality. Setting: Secondary care patients attending a regional cystic fibrosis unit in the north of England Participants: 201 adults [106 (52.7%) male], median age 29 years (range 17-58 years) entered and completed the study. Inclusion criteria; a confirmed diagnosis of CF, aged 16 years and over, at a time of clinical stability Outcome measures: Quantitative responses within 4 themes; 1) value placed on aspects of the EHR; 2) access requirements to functions of the EHR; 3) views on information sent to the EHR 4) patient feedback entered into the EHR. A ranked score for 15 functions of the EHR was obtained Results: Highest ratings (% reporting item as very important/important) were reported for access to clinical measures [lung function (94%), CRP (84%), sputum microbiology (81%) and blood results (80%)], medication changes (82%) and lists (83%) and sending repeat prescription (83%) and treatment requests (80%), whilst sending symptom diaries was less so (62%). Email contact with clinicians was the most valuable communication element of the EHR (84% very important/important). Of 15 features of the EHR [1=most desirable to 15=least desirable) patients identified 'clinical measures' [2.62 (CI 2.07-3.06)], and 'access to medication lists' [4.91 (CI 4.47-5.44)], as highest priority for development and the ability to comment on errors/ommissions [11.0 (CI 10.6-11.5)] or experience of care [11.8 (CI 11.4-12.2)] as lowest. Conclusions: Patients want extensive personal access to their hospital EHR, placing high importance on the viewing of practical clinical measures and medication management. These influence routine day to day care and are priorities for development
Data from: DNA sequence variation among conspecific accessions of the legume Coursetia caribaea reveals geographically localized clades here ranked as species
Coursetia caribaea is geographically and morphologically the most variable species in the genus Coursetia and in the tribe Robinieae (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae). Because of potentially undetected species, we assessed the phylogenetic relationships among the eight taxonomic varieties of C. caribaea. Sampling included nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer sequences from 489 Robinieae accessions representing all varieties of C. caribaea and 38 of the 40 species of Coursetia, in addition to chloroplast trnD-trnT sequences from 186 accessions. Separate and combined phylogenetic analyses resolved a clade of conspecific accessions of the Bolivian C. caribaea var. astragalina as sister to the central Andean Coursetia grandiflora clade. Also distantly related to Coursetia caribaea var. caribaea accessions were those of the coastal Oaxacan C. caribaea var. pacifica, which formed the sister clade to accessions of the central Andean C. caribaea var. ochroleuca. The estimated mean ages of the stem clades for these three lineages, 11, 7.7, and 7.7 Ma, respectively, contrasted to the estimated mean ages of the corresponding crown clades of 0, 0, and 1.5 Ma. The contrasting stem and crown ages suggest that these taxa, appropriately ranked as species, Coursetia astragalina, Coursetia diversifolia, and Coursetia ochroleuca, each have persisted over evolutionary time frames as distinct geographically localized populations in seasonally dry tropical forests and woodlands.
Data from: Systematic review on barriers and enablers for access to diabetic retinopathy screening services in different income settings
Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) can lead to visual impairment and blindness if not detected and treated in time. Knowing the barriers/enablers in advance in contrasting different country income settings may accelerate development of a successful DR screening (DRS) program. This would be especially applicable in the low-income settings with the rising prevalence of DR. Objectives: The aim of this systematic review is to identify and contrast the barriers/enablers to DRS for different contexts using both consumers i.e., people with diabetes (PwDM) and provider perspectives and system level factors in different country income settings. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL in the Cochrane Library from the databases start date to December 2018. We included the studies reported on barriers and enablers to access DRS services based at health care facilities. We categorised and synthesized themes related to the consumers (individuals), providers and the health systems (environment) as main dimensions according to the constructs of social cognitive theory, supported by the quantitative measures i.e., odds ratios as reported by each of the study authors. Main Results: We included 77 studies primarily describing the barriers and enablers. Most of the studies were from high income settings (72.7%, 56/77) and cross sectional in design (76.6%, 59/77). From the perspectives of consumers, lack of knowledge, attitude, awareness and motivation were identified as major barriers. The enablers were fear of blindness, proximity of screening facility, experiences of vision loss and being concerned of eye complications. In providers' perspectives, lack of skilled human resources, training programs, infrastructure of retinal imaging and cost of services were the main barriers. Higher odds of uptake of DRS services was observed when PwDM were provided health education (odds ratio (OR) 4.3) and having knowledge on DR (OR range 1.3-19.7). Conclusion: Knowing the barriers to access DRS is a pre-requisite in development of a successful screening program. The awareness, knowledge and attitude of the consumers, availability of skilled human resources and infrastructure emerged as the major barriers to access to DRS in any income setting.
Data from: Barriers to access improved water and sanitation in poor peri-urban settlements of Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
Achieving access to safe water and sanitation still pose major challenges in urban areas of sub-Saharan Africa countries, despite all the progress achieved in the last decade. This study assessed the ability of populations living in poor peri-urban settlements to access improved water and sanitation and identified factors influencing this access, in order to guide sustainable mitigating solutions to address associated health and environmental risks. We conducted a cross-sectional study in six poor peri-urban settlements of Yopougon, the largest municipality of Abidjan. A total of 556 randomly selected households were included. The factors associated with access to improved water and sanitation were identified through explanatory models using multivariate logistic regression. A proportion of 25% of all households assessed did not have access to clean water and 57% lacked improved sanitation. Socioeconomic status and settlement characteristics appear as the main indicators of poor access to reliable water and sanitation in peri-urban settlements. The presence of the household head's wife at home was associated with greater access to clean water (OR = 3.57; 95% CI: 1.74, 7.31), thus highlighting the important role of women in ensuring access to clean water in these specific environments. Household size, education and religion were not significantly associated with the two considered outcomes. Women therefore should be involved at all levels of programming in water promotion in these settlements to improve the population's well-being. While religion does not appear to play an important role in access to water and sanitation, successful interventions should involve religious communities because of their large representation.
Data from: Paternal factors and inequity associated with access to maternal health care service utilization in Nepal: a community based cross-sectional study
Background: The threat of maternal mortality can be reduced by increasing use of maternal health services. Maternal death and access to maternal health care services are inequitable in low and middle income countries.The aim of this study is to assess associated paternal factors and degree of inequity in access to maternal health care service utilization. Methods: Analysis illustrates on a cross-sectional household survey that followed multistage-cluster sampling. Concentration curve and indices were calculated. Binary logistic regression analysis was executed to account paternal factors associated with the utilization of maternal health services. Path model with structural equation modeling (SEM) examined the predictors of antenatal care (ANC) and institutional delivery. Results: The finding of this study revealed that 39.9% and 45.5% of the respondents' wives made ANC visits and utilized institutional delivery services respectively. Men with graduate and higher level of education were more likely (AOR: 5.91, 95% CI; 4.02, 8.70) to have ANC of their wives than men with no education or primary level of education. Men with higher household income (Q5) were more likely (1.99, 95% CI; 1.39, 2.86) to have ANC for their wives. Similarly, higher household income (Q5) also determined (2.74, 95% CI; 1.81, 4.15) for institutional delivery of their wives. Concentration curve and indices also favored rich than the poor. SEM revealed that ANC visit was directly associated to institutional delivery. Conclusions: Paternal factors like age, household wealth, number of children, ethnicity, education, knowledge of danger sign during pregnancy, and husband's decision making for seeking maternal and child health care are crucial factors associated to maternal health service utilization. Higher ANC coverage predicts higher utilization of the institutional delivery. Wealthier population is more concentrated to maternal health services. The inequities between the poor and the rich are necessary to be addressed through effective policy and programs.
Data from: Case-oriented selection of investigation methods in direct access: A comparison between physiotherapy trainees at professional colleges and in bachelor's study courses
Objective: Direct access to physiotherapy services is currently discussed in Germany. Its introduction would mean that initial diagnoses must be made in physiotherapy practices as well. However, it was not yet investigated whether the current training in physiotherapy is sufficient for this, and whether there are differences between the training systems. This study aims to answer the question of whether trainees at the end of Bachelor's studies (BS) are more reliably able to assess the case-related suitability of examination methods than professional college students (FS). Methodology: Questionnaires were developed to assess the suitability of examination methods for diagnostic inquiries. All professional colleges and bachelor's study courses listed with the German Physiotherapy Association were asked to present the questionnaires to their final classes. Results: In 216 addressed professional colleges and 24 bachelor's study courses, the return rate was 9.26% for professional colleges and 33.33% for study courses. One hundred thirty-eight questionnaires from students in 8 study courses and 368 questionnaires from students at 20 professional colleges were evaluated. The mean of correct decisions in total (of max. 54) was 19.01 (BS) or 15.73 (FS); in structure-related and function-related examination methods (of max. 42), it was 17.22 (BS) and 14.8 (FS); in activity-related methods (of max. 12), it was 1.97 (BS) and 0.89 (FS). Out of a max. of 49 examination methods, 23.45 (BS) and 26.72 (FS) were stated as unknown. Conclusion: The university students made correct decisions on the suitability of examination methods significantly more frequently than the professional college students. However, the determined group difference is low. Overall, the results do not appear sufficient for direct access. Training would have to be adapted for this purpose.
Risk for excessive anticoagulation during hemodialysis is associated with type of vascular access and bedside coagulation testing: Results of a cross-sectional study
<p>Anonymized dataset of the cross-sectional study assessing (i) heparin dosing within a prevalent hemodialysis cohort, (ii) the anticoagulant effects of the heparinization strategy and (iii) identifying predictive factors of the heparin dosing regimen.</p>
Data from: Functional traits for carbon access in macrophytes
Understanding functional trait distributions among organisms can inform impacts on and responses to environmental change. In marine systems, only 1% of dissolved inorganic carbon in seawater exists as CO2. Thus the majority of marine macrophytes not only passively access CO2 for photosynthesis, but also actively transport CO2 and the more common bicarbonate (HCO3-, 92% of seawater dissolved inorganic carbon) into their cells. Because species with these carbon concentrating mechanisms (CCMs) are non-randomly distributed in ecosystems, we ask whether there is a phylogenetic pattern to the distribution of CCMs among algal species. To determine macrophyte traits that influence carbon uptake, we assessed 40 common macrophyte species from the rocky intertidal community of the Northeast Pacific Ocean to a) query whether macrophytes have a CCM and b) determine the evolutionary history of CCMs, using ancestral state reconstructions and stochastic character mapping based on previously published data. Thirty-two species not only depleted CO2, but also concentrated and depleted HCO3-, indicative of a CCM. While analysis of CCMs as a continuous trait in 30 families within Phylum Rhodophyta showed a significant phylogenetic signal under a Brownian motion model, analysis of CCMs as a discrete trait (presence or absence) indicated that red algal families are more divergent than expected in their CCM presence or absence; CCMs are a labile trait within the Rhodophyta. In contrast, CCMs were present in each of 18 Ochrophyta families surveyed, indicating that CCMs are highly conserved in the brown algae. The trait of CCM presence or absence was largely conserved within Families. Fifteen of 23 species tested also changed the seawater buffering capacity, or Total Alkalinity (TA), shifting DIC composition towards increasing concentrations of HCO3- and CO2 for photosynthesis. Manipulating the external TA of the local environment may influence carbon availability in boundary layers and areas of low water mixing, offering an additional mechanism to increase CO2 availability.
Open Access to Excellent Science - the European Research Council's approach (video recording)
<p>Video recording of a presentation given at the event 'Open Access: Authors, publishers, investors and institutions for the dissemination of the scientific research's results' that was organised by the Library of EPFL in the context of the Open Access Week 2013. The video includes the introduction of the presentation by EPFL Director, Dr. Isabelle Kratz.</p> <p><strong>Abstract</strong>: We will give an overview of the ERC's approach to Open Access, and how it is reflected in the rules governing the ERC grants under the current 7th EU Research Framework Programme. We will explain how the ERC supports its grantees in providing open access to their research results, and shed some light on the changes to be expected for the new EU Research Framework Programme, Horizon 2020, which will start on 1 January 2014. In doing so, we will also take a look at the different roles of the ERC and the European Commission concerning the promotion of Open Access, and explain some of the differences in approach.</p>
SCAD-zbMATH-01 Open Access Data Set for Author Name Disambiguation (AND) (Enhanced Version)
<p>This data set contains disambiguated publication data from zbMATH (www.zbmath.org) for use in author name disambiguation (AND). It covers 28321 publications with 33810 authorship records, authored by 2946 distinct authors. Authorship records have been manually annotated with author identifiers.</p> <p>This download includes additional data sets for advanced, selective disambiguation.</p> <p>For details, see "Mark-Christoph Müller, Florian Reitz, and Nicolas Roy (2017): Data Sets for Author Name Disambiguation: An Empirical Analysis and a New Resource", Scientometrics, doi:10.1007/s11192-017-2363-5.</p> <p> </p>
Data supporting Open Access Game
<p>This dataset provides the necessary files to reproduce the "Jeu de l'OA", a goose game designed to help showcasing open access and topics related to open science (data preservation and dissemination; copyright issues...) to Phd students and researchers.</p> <p>The game is composed of :</p> <ul> <li>a board in 3 parts (3 levels)</li> <li>2 kind of cards</li> <li>a spreadsheet allows to add/delete/change both questions and answers which will be printed on the cards</li> </ul> <p>Several ReadMe files come with the dataset to describe how to reproduce the cards and the board, and to explain the rules of the game.</p>
How is ICT use linked to household transport expenditure? A cross-national macro analysis of the influence of home broadband access
<p>Dataset used for analysis in the paper.</p> <p>ABSTRACT: Understanding of the interactions between Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and physical mobility is a major area of research with practical applications in a number of fields. Very little, however, is known regarding how these relationships vary on a cross-national basis, including across countries at different stages in development. To address this gap, this paper presents an analysis of household transport expenditure as a function of the available variables, with a particular focus on the ICT. This analysis is based on a cross-sectional dataset from 2010 comprising information on 33 countries including average household transport expenditure, ICT represented by the percentage of households with Internet access at home, and a number of contextual macroeconomic and infrastructural variables<br> Using a log-log framework we find that, in our sample of countries, household transport expenditure is negatively associated with Internet penetration with an elasticity of -0.394. We verify this to be robust to endogeneity using presence of restrictions on foreign ownership in the Internet market as an instrumental variable. We also control for potential differences in data quality across countries using the Corruption Perceptions Index. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to quantify this relationship at a cross-national level while also controlling for endogeneity and data quality issues. Among the control variables, we observe the estimated effects to be intuitive, and consistent with existing research and microeconomic understandings of the behaviour of individuals and households.</p>
SIASAR databases: Nicaragua (Baseline), Honduras, Panama and Dominican Republic (last accessed: December 21, 2016)
<p>Databases contain the rural water and sanitation data collected and approved by SIASAR community. All data is available at www.siasar.org (last accessed: December 21, 2016)</p> <p>Each country's database contains four files *csv:<br> <br> i) The Water System ("_SIS") contains data related to the water infrastructure;<br> <br> ii) The Service Provision ("_PSE") contains data related to the water service provider;<br> <br> iii) The Community ("_COM") contains general data of the community and specific data related to the provision of water, sanitation and hygiene services.<br> <br> iv) The System - Provider - Community ("_SISCOMPSE") contains data needed to link the water system, the service provider and the community. </p> <p>These files are prepared to be exploited in the construction of SIASAR composite indicators v1, as described in http://hdl.handle.net/2117/77587</p>
SIASAR conceptual model v1 outputs obtained from Nicaragua and Honduras databases (last accessed: December 21, 2016)
<p>Provided results were obtained by applying SIASAR composite indicators v1, as described in http://hdl.handle.net/2117/77587</p> <p>All “NA” values were depurated from preliminary results</p> <p>Final results are presented for Nicaragua and Honduras independently</p> <p>Required input data is available at http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.571351</p>
The Great British Liverwort Hunt – collecting wild accessions for molecular biology research while engaging the public
<p>During the lockdowns of the COVID-19 pandemic, outreach activities of universities were significantly perturbed. The Sainsbury Laboratory Cambridge University (SLCU) outreach project for the Cambridge festival in 2021 was therefore a fully online project, which asked people from across the mainland of the United Kingdom to send in plant samples of <i>Marchantia polymorpha</i>, and <i>Lunularia cruciata. </i>The samples were, upon arrival, established into axenic culture for use in research. Here, we deposit the names and locational data of the lines established in axenic culture for the wider use of the research community. Out of 76 samples received, 68 were successfully established in sterile tissue culture. This dataset also includes an analysis of the sex of the <i>M. polymorpha</i> accessions.</p>
Challenges in providing multilingual information access
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Tuning Mesopore Accessibility of High Surface Area Doped Ceria-zirconia Mixed Oxides by Hydrothermal Posttreatment
<p>Raw analysis data of the studied mesoporous ceria-zirconia mixed oxides. Contains the following datasets:</p> <ul> <li>physisorption (raw isotherms in .aif-format)</li> <li>SAXS intensities in ASCII format</li> <li>electron tomography (unprocessed tilt series as well as final reconstructions and raw analysis data)</li> </ul>
ACCESS-AM2 daily and hourly cloud and radiation data for model evaluation at Macquarie Island
<p>The ACCESS-AM2 (Australian Community Climate and Earth-System Simulator - Atmospheric Model Version 2) daily and hourly data used for the study described in Pei et al. (2023), accepted in <i>Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP),</i> 'Assessing the cloud radiative bias at Macquarie Island in the ACCESS-AM2 model<i>' .</i> </p><p>Included files: </p><ul><li>ACCESS_AM2_daily.zip - daily model outputs from 2016-04 to 2018-03</li><li>ACCESS_AM2_hourly.zip - hourly model outputs from 2017-09 to 2018-02</li></ul><p>The code that performs the analysis/generates this data can be found here: https://github.com/ZhangchengPei/codes-for-MI-paper</p>
SNPs and InDels identified in 390 peanut accessions
<p>SNPs and InDels identified in 390 peanut accessions</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.