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10,812 results for “novels”
Inovis: Instant Novel-view Synthesis
<p><strong>Abstract:</strong> Novel-view synthesis is an ill-posed problem in that it requires inference of previously unseen information. Recently, reviving the traditional field of image-based rendering, neural methods proved particularly suitable for this interpolation/extrapolation task; however, they often require a-priori scene-completeness or costly preprocessing steps and generally suffer from long (scene-specific) training times. Our work draws from recent progress in neural spatio-temporal supersampling to enhance a state-of-the-art neural renderer's ability to infer novel-view information at inference time. We adapt a supersampling architecture~\cite{xiao2020neural}, which resamples previously rendered frames, to instead recombine nearby camera images in a multi-view dataset. These input frames are warped into a joint target frame, guided by the most recent (point-based) scene representation, followed by neural interpolation. The resulting architecture gains sufficient robustness to significantly improve transferability to previously unseen datasets. In particular, this enables novel applications for neural rendering where dynamically streamed content is directly incorporated in a (neural) image-based reconstruction of a scene. As we will show, our method reaches state-of-the-art performance when compared to previous works that rely on static and sufficiently densely sampled scenes; in addition, we demonstrate our system's particular suitability for dynamically streamed content, where our approach is able to produce high-fidelity novel-view synthesis even with significantly fewer available frames than competing neural methods.</p>
Novel mitochondrial genome rearrangements including duplications and extensive heteroplasmy could underlie temperature adaptations in Antarctic notothenioid fishes
<p>Mitochondrial genomes are known for their compact size and conserved gene order, however, recent studies employing long-read sequencing technologies have revealed the presence of atypical mitogenomes in some species. In this study, we assembled and annotated the mitogenomes of five Antarctic notothenioids, including four icefishes (Champsocephalus gunnari, C. esox, Chaenocephalus aceratus, and Pseudochaenichthys georgianus) and the cold-specialized Trematomus borchgrevinki. Antarctic notothenioids are known to harbor some rearrangements in their mt genomes, however the extensive duplications in icefishes observed in our study have never been reported before. In the icefishes, we observed duplications of the protein coding gene ND6, two transfer RNAs, and the control region with different copy number variants present within the same individuals and with some ND6 duplications appearing to follow the canonical Duplication-Degeneration-Complementation (DDC) model in C. esox and C. gunnari. In addition, using long-read sequencing and k-mer analysis, we were able to detect extensive heteroplasmy in C. aceratus and C. esox. We also observed a large inversion in the mitogenome of T. borchgrevinki, along with the presence of tandem repeats in its control region. This study is the first in using long-read sequencing to assemble and identify structural variants and heteroplasmy in notothenioid mitogenomes and signifies the importance of long-reads in resolving complex mitochondrial architectures. Identification of such wide-ranging structural variants in the mitogenomes of these fishes could provide insight into the genetic basis of the atypical icefish mitochondrial physiology and more generally may provide insights about their potential role in cold adaptation.</p>
Characterization of a novel marine isolate Micromonospora spp BRA006 through a metabologenomics approach
<p>This repository contains the Supplementary Tables (1-3) as well as the datasets with the preprocessed data that led to the metabolomic results presented in the paper. In addition, links to the jobs using GNPS2 for the <a href="https://gnps2.org/status?task=e73b27dd85a24cee84c776739f5b05f0">FBMN</a>, <a href="https://gnps2.org/status?task=fed145fd210b48ec94cc2aae9f8f93fa">ChemWalker</a> analysis, and <a href="https://metabolomics-usi.gnps2.org/dashinterface/?usi1=mzspec%3AGNPS2%3ATASK-e73b27dd85a24cee84c776739f5b05f0-nf_output%2Fclustering%2Fspectra_reformatted.mgf%3Ascan%3A445&usi2=mzspec%3AGNPS%3AGNPS-LIBRARY%3Aaccession%3ACCMSLIB00000848810&width=10.0&height=6.0&mz_min=None&mz_max=None&max_intensity=125&annotate_precision=4&annotation_rotation=90&cosine=standard&fragment_mz_tolerance=0.1&grid=True&annotate_peaks=%5B%5B130.0653076171875%5D%2C%20%5B130.06472778320312%5D%5D">spectral pairing of Brevianamide F</a> are included.</p>
Data from: Temporal dynamics in psychological assessments: a novel dataset with scales and response times
<p>This dataset is collected from February 27 to March 17, 2021, it includes responses from 24,292 students to four recognized psychological scales: PHQ-9, GAD-7, ISI, and PSS. A unique aspect of this dataset is the inclusion of response time data, which reflects the duration students took to answer each question. This temporal information offers a new dimension in understanding respondent behavior and enhances the reliability of these scales.</p>
Data for: A novel and enhanced calibration of the tilting weir as a flow measurement structure
<p>To achieve reliable and equitable water distribution it is necessary to accurately estimate the volumetric discharge of water flow through rivers and canals. One such method of accomplishing this is by using hydraulic structures, such as the tilting weir. This structure not only can be used to measure the discharge of water on a continuous basis, but also allows for regulating the water level upstream of the structure. Presently, tilting weirs are often used to control water levels, but the literature on their utilization as flow measurement structures has remained sparse. This study presents a thorough analysis of laboratory experiments on scaled models of tilting weirs, where the flow depth upstream of the structure (i.e., head) and the inclination angle are used to calibrate an equation to estimate the discharge to a high degree of accuracy. Operational guidelines to ensure minimum uncertainty in measurement are also given.</p> <p>The data published here include head and discharge measurements for all experiments conducted, including information on the experimental location, date, and model dimensions. Publication of this data is intended to allow other researchers to verify the calibration procedure laid out in the primary article, and as a comparative dataset for future calibrations.</p>
Novel finding of Paulownia fortunei endophytic rhizobia in China
<p><a>Previous research has mainly focused on breeding, timber supply, and physiological-biochemical characteristics of <em>Paulownia fortunei</em>. However, there has been limited attention given to its endophytic rhizobia and its potential benefits for plant growth due to a lack of knowledge about the existence of root nodules. In this study, we extracted 9 bacterial strains from the root nodules after occasionally discovering the </a>nodular-like structure in uncultivated 3-year <em>P. fortunei </em>roots and then sequenced the 16S rDNA and <em>nif</em>A sequencing to conduct the bacterial strain identifications. We then determined the carbon use capability and <a>nitrogenase activity</a> of the bacterial strains. The result of 16S rDNA sequencing indicated that the endophytic rhizobia belongs to the genus <em>Agrobacterium</em>, <em>Rhizobium</em>, <em>Herbaspirillum</em>, and <em>Burkholderia</em>. The results of <em>nif</em>A sequencing indicated that the <em>nif</em>A gene was sequenced in strain PG-3, PG-5, PG-6, PG-7, PG-8, rather than in strain PG-1, PG-2, and PG-4. Besides, the nitrogenase activity of strain PG-9 was significantly higher than other bacterial strains. RDA results indicated that fructose, glucose, and sucrose were significantly related to the plant height, diameter, and biomass rather than other carbon sources and nitrogenase activity. Our research revealed that the majority of bacterial strains isolated from <em>P. fortunei</em> exhibited a broad carbon utilization pathway and have the potential to promote plant growth after re-Inoculation. This study aims to investigate the phylogeny of endophytic rhizobia in <em>P. fortunei</em>, and expand the range of non-legume hosts studied for future research on biological <strong>N</strong> fixation.</p>
qPCR results from design and partial validation of three novel eDNA qPCR assays for several common North American tick (Arachnida: Ixodida) species
<p>The range expansion of ticks to higher latitudes poses a severe threat to human health exposing human populations who had no prior contact with ticks to several harmful tick-borne diseases. Early detection of ticks in new areas is critical to help inform the public and medical professionals of the dangers associated with tick encounters. Environmental DNA represents a novel survey method that could provide reliable records of tick occurrences and timely warnings of their range expansions. In this study, we designed three novel eDNA qPCR assays for three common North American tick species (<em>Dermacentor variabilis</em>, <em>Amblyomma americanum</em>, and <em>Ixodes scapularis</em>) and tested them on samples of grasses collected from grasslands and forests in Illinois. We provide <em>in silico</em> and <em>in vitro </em>validation of all three assays, however we were unable to generate any positive detections from field samples. Our lack of eDNA detections likely stems from low eDNA deposition rates coupled with rapid degradation in grasslands and forests, a problem exacerbated by terrestrial eDNA sampling methods that are limited by volume of substrate. We provide recommendations for improving sample collection methods to increase detection probability in future efforts. Continued research should focus on the viability of eDNA to detect small terrestrial invertebrates, like ticks, and it potential as early warning indicator of the spread of vector-borne diseases.</p>
Data from: Comparative assessment of a novel fan box trap for collecting Anopheles farauti and culicine mosquitoes alive in tropical north Queensland, Australia
<p>During preliminary mosquito surveys at Cowley Beach Training Area in north Queensland, Australia, it was found that the utility of the standard encephalitis virus surveillance (EVS) trap for collecting the malaria vector <em>Anopheles farauti</em> (Laveran) adults was compromised by the harsh tropical conditions. With the aim of increasing the survival rate of mosquitoes, we designed a downdraft fan box trap (FBT) that incorporated a screened fan at the bottom of the trap, so mosquitoes did not have to pass through a fan. The FBT was tested against the EVS and Centers for Disease Control (CDC) light traps, where mosquitoes do pass through a fan, and a nonpowered passive box trap (PBT). We conducted four trials to compare the quantity and survival of <em>An. farauti</em> and culicine mosquitoes were collected in these traps. Although not significant, the FBT collected more <em>An</em>. <em>farauti</em> than the EVS trap and PBT and significantly less <em>An. farauti</em> than the CDC light trap. However, the FBT improved on the CDC light trap in terms of the survival of <em>An</em>. <em>farauti</em> adults collected, with a significantly higher percentage alive in the FBT (74.6%) than in the CDC light trap (27.5%). Thus, although the FBT did not collect as many anophelines as the CDC, it proved to be superior to current trap systems for collecting large numbers of live and relatively undamaged mosquitoes. Therefore, it is recommended that FBTs be used for collecting <em>An. farauti</em> adults in northern Australia, especially when high survival and sample quality are important.</p>
Dataset: T-DNA characterization of genetically modified 3-R-gene late blight resistant potato events with a novel procedure utilizing the Samplix Xdrop® Enrichment Technology
<p>Before commercialization of genetically modified crops, the events carrying the novel DNA must be thoroughly evaluated for agronomic, nutritional, and molecular characteristics. Over the years, Polymerase Chain Reaction-based methods, Southern blot, and short-read sequencing techniques have been utilized for collecting molecular characterization data. Multiple genomic applications are necessary to determine the insert location, flanking sequence analysis, characterization of the inserted DNA, and determination of any interruption of native genes. These techniques are time-consuming and labor-intensive, making it difficult to characterize multiple events. Current advances in sequencing technologies are enabling whole genomic sequencing of modified crops to obtain full molecular characterization. However, in polyploids, such as the tetraploid potato, it is a challenge to obtain whole genomic sequencing coverage that meets regulatory approval of the genetic modification. Here we describe an alternative to labor-intensive applications with a novel procedure using Samplix Xdrop® enrichment technology and next-generation Nanopore sequencing technology to more efficiently characterize the T-DNA insertions of four genetically modified potato events developed by the Feed the Future Global Biotech Potato Partnership: DIA_MSU_UB015, DIA_MSU_UB255, GRA_MSU_UG234 and GRA_MSU_UG265 (derived from regionally important varieties Diamant and Granola). Using the Xdrop® /Nanopore technique, we obtained a very high sequence read coverage within the T-DNA and junction regions. In three of the four events, we were able to use the data to confirm single T-DNA insertions, identify insert locations, identify flanking sequences, and characterize the inserted T-DNA. We further used the characterization data to identify native gene interruption and confirm the stability of the T-DNA across clonal cycles. These results demonstrate the functionality of using the Xdrop® /Nanopore technique for T-DNA characterization. This research will contribute to meeting regulatory safety and regulatory approval requirements for commercialization with small shareholder farmers in target countries within our partnership.</p>
Raw data: The novel gammaproteobacterial methanotroph "Ca. Methylocalor cossyra" CH1 actively coexists with verrucomicrobial methanotrophs in acidic and hot geothermal soil
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
scRNA-seq dataset "A novel in vitro tubular model to recapitulate features of distal airways: the bronchioid"
<p>We provide a .Rds file of an annotated Seurat Object of scRNA-seq data of two bronchioid models derived from distinct donors after 21days of culture using 10x genomics 3' v3 chemistry. Raw data was processed using CellRanger v7.1.0. Cells were filtered based on detected UMIs (>2000) and fraction of mitochondrial counts (<10%).<br>Metadata annotations contain:<br>- Patient -> patient information for every cell (patient1 or patient2)<br>- nCount_RNA -> UMI counts per cell<br>- nFeature_RNA -> genes detected per cell<br>- percent.mt -> mitochondrial count fraction per cell<br>- seurat_clusters -> unsupervised clustering results using Louvain algorithm with resolution = 0.5<br>- Manual.Annotation -> Cell types annotated based on marker gene expression<br>- Celltypist.prediction -> Cell types predicted with CellTypist Python package<br>- Celltypist.prediction.ari -> Cell types predicted with CellTypist Python package, with harmonized names for comparison with manual annotation</p>
Genetic insight into a polygenic trait using a novel Genome Wide Association approach in a wild amphibian population
<p>Body size variation is central in the evolution of life history traits in amphibians, but the underlying genetic architecture of this complex trait is still largely unknown. Herein, we studied the genetic basis of body size and fecundity of the alternative morphotypes in a wild population of the Greek smooth newt (<em>Lissotriton graecus</em>). By combining a Genome-wide association approach with linkage disequilibrium network analysis, we were able to identify clusters of highly correlated loci thus maximizing sequence data for downstream analysis. The putatively associated variants explained 12.8% to 44.5% of the total phenotypic variation in body size and were mapped to genes with functional roles in the regulation of gene expression and cell cycle processes. Our study is the first to provide insights into the genetic basis of complex traits in newts and provides a useful tool to identify loci potentially involved in fitness related traits in small data sets from natural populations in non-model species.</p>
NiFe-NO3 layered double hydroxide as a novel anode for sodium ion batteries
<p>raw data of the scheme present in the paper entitled: <span>NiFe-NO<sub>3</sub> layered double hydroxide as a novel anode for sodium ion batteries</span></p>
Data for: A novel and ubiquitous miRNA-involved regulatory module ensures precise phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II and proper transcription
<p>Proper transcription orchestrated by RNA polymerase II (RNPII) is crucial for cellular development, which relies on the phosphorylation state of RNPII's carboxyl-terminal domain (CTD). Sporangia, developed from mycelia, are essential for the destructive oomycetes<em> Phytophthora</em>, remarkable transcriptional changes are observed during the morphological transition. However, how these changes are rapidly triggered and their relationship with the versatile RNPII-CTD phosphorylation remain enigmatic. Herein, we found that <em>Phytophthora</em> <em>capsici</em> had undergone an elevation of Ser5-phosphorylation in its uncanonical heptapeptide repeats of RNPII-CTD during sporangia development, which subsequently changed the chromosomal occupation of RNPII and primarily activated transcription of certain genes. A cyclin-dependent kinase,<em> </em>PcCDK7, was highly induced and phosphorylated RNPII-CTD during this morphological transition. Mechanistically, a novel DCL1-dependent microRNA, pcamiR1, was found to be a feedback modulator for the precise phosphorylation of RNPII-CTD by complexing with PcAGO1 and regulating the accumulation of PcCDK7. Moreover, this study revealed that the pcamiR1-CDK7-RNPII regulatory module is evolutionarily conserved and the impairment of the balance between pcamiR1 and <em>PcCDK7 </em>could efficiently reduce the growth and virulence of<em> P. capsici</em>. Collectively, this study uncovers a novel and evolutionarily conserved mechanism of transcription regulation that could facilitate correct development and identifies pcamiR1 as a promising target for disease control.</p>
Data and code for: Does the definition of a novel environment affect the ability to detect cryptic genetic variation?
<p>Anthropogenic change exposes populations to environments that have been rare or entirely absent from their evolutionary past. Such novel environments are hypothesised to release cryptic genetic variation, a hidden store of variance that can fuel evolution. However, support for this hypothesis is mixed. One possible reason is a lack of clarity in what is meant by 'novel environment', an umbrella term encompassing conditions with potentially contrasting effects on the exposure or concealment of cryptic variation. Here, we use a meta-analysis approach to investigate changes in the total genetic variance of multivariate traits in ancestral versus novel environments. To determine whether the definition of a novel environment could explain the mixed support for a release of cryptic genetic variation, we compared absolute novel environments, those not represented in a population's evolutionary past, to extreme novel environments, those involving frequency or magnitude changes to environments present in a population's ancestry. Despite sufficient statistical power, we detected no broadscale pattern of increased genetic variance in novel environments, finding the type of novel environment did not explain any significant variation in effect sizes. When effect sizes were partitioned by experimental design, we found increased genetic variation in studies based on broad-sense measures of variance, and decreased variation in narrow-sense studies, in support of previous research. Therefore, the source of genetic variance, not the definition of a novel environment, was key to understanding environment-dependant genetic variation, highlighting non-additive genetic variance as an important component of cryptic genetic variation and avenue for future research.</p>
Data from: Crustacean photoreceptor damage and recovery: Applying a novel scanning electronic microscopy protocol in artificial light at night studies
<p>As sources of artificial light at night (ALAN) expand worldwide, research on their impacts has also increased. Most of these studies, including those in coastal habitats, have focused on behavioral and ecological responses to ALAN, overlooking impacts on the photoreceptor, the basic functional structure of animals to absorb light. Examining structural changes in the photoreceptor is essential to understand the mechanisms by which ALAN may be impacting species, particularly those adapted to different light backgrounds. This study examined the photoreceptor (rhabdom) of two sandy beach crustaceans exhibiting different light tolerances at night: the amphipod <em>Orchestoidea tuberculata</em> and the isopod <em>Tylos spinulosus</em>. We developed a novel protocol to measure these species' photoreceptor areas and quantify the damage caused by ALAN using histological sections and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Our results showed that in the isopod, a species naturally adapted to lower light intensities at night than the amphipod, the rhabdom surface was 20-times larger, and presented a tapetum, an adaptive feature found in species living in low light conditions. This confirmed that this species is potentially more sensitive to ALAN than the amphipod. Consistently, a brief period of exposure to ALAN (1 h, 20 lux) caused 3-6 times more damage in the isopod' rhabdom. In fact, ALAN caused structural damage in the isopod' but not in the amphipod' rhabdom, a damage that did not show signs of recovery from ALAN after 1 and 24 h. Thus, the damage caused by ALAN on an organism's photoreceptors is likely to be more severe and persistent in species naturally adapted to lower light levels at night. Installation of permanent ALAN sources nearby the burrowing area of these light sensitive species may have differential effects on their activity and interactions at night. ALAN may also become a new selection pressure on these species, a concern with wide implications given the ubiquity among animals of the photoreceptor structure and its response to light.</p>
Fig. 3 in Novel Media for Lipid Production of Chlorococcum oleofaciens: A RSM Approach
Fig. 3. Comparison of algal growth in CFTRI and AM medium
A novel hybrid beachgrass is invading U.S. Pacific Northwest dunes with potential ecosystem consequences
<p>Invasive plants formed via hybridization, especially those that modify the structure and function of their ecosystems, are of particular concern given the potential for hybrid vigor. In the U.S. Pacific Northwest, two invasive, dune-building beachgrasses, <em>Ammophila arenaria</em> (European beachgrass) and <em>A. breviligulata</em> (American beachgrass) have hybridized and formed a new beachgrass taxa (<em>Ammophila arenaria</em> × <em>A. breviligulata</em>) but little is known about its distribution, spread, and ecological consequences. Here we report on surveys of the hybrid beachgrass conducted across a 250-km range from Moclips, Washington to Pacific City, Oregon in 2021 and 2022. We detected nearly 300 hybrid individuals, or an average of 8–14 hybrid individuals per km of surveyed foredune. The hybrid was more common at sites within southern Washington and northern Oregon where <em>A. breviligulata</em> is abundant (75–90% cover) and <em>A. arenaria</em> is sparse and patchy. The hybrid displayed morphological traits such as shoot density and height that typically exceeded its parent species suggesting hybrid vigor. We measured an average growth rate of 30% over one year, with individuals growing faster at the leading edge of the foredune, nearest the beach. We also found a positive relationship between hybrid abundance and that of <em>A. arenaria</em>, suggesting that <em>A. arenaria</em> density may be a controlling factor for hybridization rate. The hybrid showed similar sand deposition and associated plant species richness patterns compared to its parent species, although longer-term studies are needed. Finally, we found hybrid individuals within and near conservation habitat of two Endangered Species Act-listed, threatened bird species, the western snowy plover (<em>Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus</em>) and the streaked horned lark (<em>Eremophila alpestris strigata</em>), a concern for conservation management. Documenting this emerging hybrid beachgrass provides insights into how hybridization affects the spread of novel species and the consequences for communities in which they invade.</p>
Novel climates are already widespread beneath the world's tropical forest canopies.
<p>R code and data to accompany 'Novel climates are already widespread beneath the world’s tropical forest canopies'.</p>
Data and Code for "A Novel Emergent Constraint Approach for Refining Regional Climate Model Projections of Flood Timing" Paper Submission to AGU GRL
<p>This contains the emergent constraint code, the offline CMIP6 hydrology data, and the shapefiles for each region used in the paper "A Novel Emergent Constraint Approach for Refining Regional Climate Model Projections of Flood Timing" submitted to AGU GRL.</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.