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Figs 19–34. Doubledaya sinuata Zia, 1934 in Morphology of adult and immature stages, and host plant use of Doubledaya sinuata (Coleoptera: Erotylidae: Languriinae)

Figs 19–34. Doubledaya sinuata Zia, 1934, larva (19–28) and pupa (29–34). 19–20 – larva, dorsal (19) and left lateral (20) views; 21 – head; 22 – right antenna, dorsal view; 23 – left mandible, ventral view; 24–25 – left maxilla, dorsal (24) and ventral (25) views; 26 – labium, ventral view; 27 – right front leg, anterior view; 28 – spiracle of abdominal segment I; 29–31 – pupa, ventral (29), left lateral (30) and dorsal (31) views; 32 – spines on abdominal tergite VII, posterior view; 33 – spines on abdominal sternite VII, posterior view; 34 – urogomphi, dorsal view. Scale bars = 5.0 mm (19–20, 29–31), 0.5 mm (21, 27), 0.2 mm (22–26, 32–34), 0.1 mm (28).

Fig. 5 in Biology and morphology of immature stages of Coniocleonus nigrosuturatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Lixinae)

Fig. 5. Adult, host plant and habitats of Coniocleonus nigrosuturatus (Goeze, 1777). A – adult beetle; B – host plant Erodium cicutarium (L.) L'Hér.; C – an excavated host plant with larval feeding marks; D–E: habitats in Romania (Sfânta Elena); F – habitat in Slovakia (KolíĖany).

Fig. 4 in Biology and morphology of immature stages of Coniocleonus nigrosuturatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Lixinae)

Fig. 4. Immature stages and feeding marks of Coniocleonus nigrosuturatus (Goeze, 1777). A – mature larva; B – earthen cell with mature larva; C – pupa (removed from the earthen cell); D – opening of larval tunnel in the soil; E – opening of the larval tunnel and feeding marks; F – detail of larval feeding marks.

Fig. 2 in Biology and morphology of immature stages of Coniocleonus nigrosuturatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Lixinae)

Fig. 2. Coniocleonus nigrosuturatus (Goeze, 1777), mature larva habitus:A – shape of the body (lateral view), B – lateral view of thoracic segments, C – lateral view of abdominal segment II., D – lateral view of abdominal segments VII–X (prns – pronotal seta(e), prs – prodorsal s., pds – postdorsal s., as – alar s., ss – spiracular s., dpls – dorsopleural s., vpls – ventropleural s., pda – pedal s., dls – dorsolateral s., lsts – laterosternal s., msts – mesosternal s., ds – dorsal s., ls – lateral s., sts – sternal s., ts – terminal s.; Th1-3, Ab1-10 – number of thoracic or abdominal segment).

Fig. 1 in Biology and morphology of immature stages of Coniocleonus nigrosuturatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Lixinae)

Fig. 1. Coniocleonus nigrosuturatus (Goeze, 1777), mature larva head, antenna and mouth parts:A – dorsal view (des – dorsal epicranial seta(e), fs – frontal s., les – lateral epicranial s., st – stemmata, at – antenna); B – right maxilla and labium (both ventral view) (dms – dorsal malae s., vms – ventral malae s., mpxs – maxillary palps s., mbs – basiventral s., pfs – palpiferal s., stps – stipal s., plbs – prelabial s., pslbs – postlabial s., ligs – ligular s.); C – right mandible (mds – mandible dorsal s.); D – antenna; E – labrum and clypeus (cls – clypeal s., lrms – labral s.); F – epipharynx (ams – anteromedial s., als – anteriolateral s., mes – median s., lr – labral rods).

Fig. 18 in Description of the larval stages of the berosine genera Berosus and Regimbartia based on the Japanese species B. japonicus and R. attenuata (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)

Fig. 18. Living individuals of the hydrophilid larvae.A – Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp, 1873; B – Enochrus (Methydrus) japonicus (Sharp, 1873); C – Laccobius (Laccobius) kunashiricus Shatrovskiy, 1984. Photo A by M. Hayashi, B–C by Y. Minoshima.

Fig. 14 in Description of the larval stages of the berosine genera Berosus and Regimbartia based on the Japanese species B. japonicus and R. attenuata (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)

Fig. 14. Third instar larva of Regimbartia attenuata (Fabricius, 1801), head appendages. A–B – antenna, dorsal (A) and ventral (B); C–D – maxilla, dorsal (C) and ventral (D).

Fig. 16 in Description of the larval stages of the berosine genera Berosus and Regimbartia based on the Japanese species B. japonicus and R. attenuata (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)

Fig. 16. Regimbartia attenuata (Fabricius, 1801), mesothoracic leg, anterior view. First (A) and third (B) instar.

Fig. 9 in Description of the larval stages of the berosine genera Berosus and Regimbartia based on the Japanese species B. japonicus and R. attenuata (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)

Fig. 9. First instar larva of Regimbartia attenuata (Fabricius, 1801), head capsule. A–B – head capsule, dorsal (A) and ventral (B); C – anterior margin of head capsule, dorsal; D–E – variation of sensilla PA15–18, ventral.

Fig. 8 in Description of the larval stages of the berosine genera Berosus and Regimbartia based on the Japanese species B. japonicus and R. attenuata (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)

Fig. 8. Third instar larva of Regimbartia attenuata (Fabricius, 1801). A–B – habitus, dorsal (A) and ventral (B); C – cuticular projection on pronotum, dorsal; D – lateral setiferous projection, dorsal; E – cuticular projections on abdominal segment, dorsal.

Fig. 12 in Description of the larval stages of the berosine genera Berosus and Regimbartia based on the Japanese species B. japonicus and R. attenuata (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)

Fig. 12. Third instar larva of Regimbartia attenuata (Fabricius, 1801). A – head, dorsal; B – prosternal sclerite, ventral; C – spiracular atrium, dorsal.

Fig. 17. A–B in Description of the larval stages of the berosine genera Berosus and Regimbartia based on the Japanese species B. japonicus and R. attenuata (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)

Fig. 17. A–B – Egg-case of Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp, 1873, wild (A) and rearing (B); C – egg-case of Regimbartia attenuata (Fabricius, 1801), rearing; D – egg of R. attenuata. Figs A, C modified after HAYASHI (2009a). Photos by M. Hayashi.

Fig. 4 in Description of the larval stages of the berosine genera Berosus and Regimbartia based on the Japanese species B. japonicus and R. attenuata (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)

Fig. 4. First instar larva of Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp, 1873, head appendages. A–B – antenna, dorsal (A) and ventral (B); C–D – left and right mandible, dorsal; E–F – maxilla, dorsal (E) and ventral (F); G–H – labium, dorsal (G) and ventral (H).

Fig. 3 in Description of the larval stages of the berosine genera Berosus and Regimbartia based on the Japanese species B. japonicus and R. attenuata (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)

Fig. 3. First instar larva of Berosus (Berosus) japonicus Sharp, 1873, anterior margin of head capsule, dorsal (A) and ventral (B) (both drawn from dorsal).

Fig. 10 in Description of the larval stages of the berosine genera Berosus and Regimbartia based on the Japanese species B. japonicus and R. attenuata (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)

Fig. 10. First instar larva of Regimbartia attenuata (Fabricius, 1801), head appendages. A–B – antenna, dorsal (A) and ventral (B); C–D – maxilla, dorsal (C) and ventral (D).

Fig. 6 in Immature stages of Taenioderini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae): a report of hidden morphological diversity

Fig. 6. Third instar larvae of Taenioderini. A–O – left mandible (dorsal, medial and ventral aspect), P–T – thoracic spiracle. A–C,P – Chalcothea neglecta. D–F,Q – Coilodera diardi. G–I,R – C. penicillata. J–L,S – Euselates cineraceus. M–O,T – E. laoticus. Scale bars: Figs A–O = 1mm; Figs P–T = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 5 in Immature stages of Taenioderini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae): a report of hidden morphological diversity

Fig. 5. Third instar larvae of Taenioderini. A–H – maxillo-labial complex. A – Chalcothea neglecta. B – Coilodera diardi. C – C. penicillata. D – Euselates cineraceus. E – E. laoticus. F – Meroloba suturalis. G – Plectrone tristis. H – Taeniodera sp. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Fig. 4 in Immature stages of Taenioderini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae): a report of hidden morphological diversity

Fig. 4. Third instar larvae of Taenioderini. A–H – epipharynx. A – Chalcothea neglecta. B – Coilodera diardi. C – C. penicillata. D – Euselates cineraceus. E – E. laoticus. F – Meroloba suturalis. G – Plectrone tristis. H – Taeniodera sp. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Fig. 11 in Immature stages of Taenioderini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae): a report of hidden morphological diversity

Fig. 11. Third instar larvae of Taenioderini. A–H – ultimate abdominal segment, lateral aspect: A – Chalcothea neglecta. B – Coilodera diardi. C – C. penicillata. D – Euselates cineraceus. E – E. laoticus. F – Meroloba suturalis. G – Plectrone tristis. H – Taeniodera sp. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Fig. 13 in Immature stages of Taenioderini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae): a report of hidden morphological diversity

Fig. 13. Third instar larvae of Taenioderini, SEM images. A–E – ligula: A – Chalcothea neglecta. B– Coilodera diardi, C – Euselates cineraceus. D – Meroloba suturalis. E – Taeniodera sp. F–L – mandibular stridulatory area: F – Chalcothea neglecta. G – Coilodera diardi. H – C. penicillata. I – E. cineraceus. J – E. laoticus. K – Meroloba suturalis. L – Taeniodera sp.