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Figure 14 from: Jochum A, Slapnik R, Klussmann-Kolb A, Páll-Gergely B, Kampschulte M, Martels G, Vrabec M, Nesselhauf C, Weigand AM (2015) Groping through the black box of variability: An integrative taxonomic and nomenclatural re-evaluation of Zospeum isselianum Pollonera, 1887 and allied species using new imaging technology (Nano-CT, SEM), conchological, histological and molecular data (Ellobioidea, Carychiidae). Subterranean Biology 16: 123-165. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.16.5758

Figure 14 - Images of the radula of Zospeum isselianum (Turjeva jama) (CSR SASA 37013 conspecific) and Zospeum sp. (Konečka zijalka) (CSR SASA 21675). A−D SEM of the radular ribbon of topotypic Zospeum isselianum A Radular ribbon showing adhesive layer of contact zone with odontophore B SEM overview showing rachidian teeth (r) and lateral teeth (l) C Rows of lateral teeth bearing fine medial groove D Marginal teeth E Light micrograph showing the histological appearance of the radular sheath of Zospeum sp. (Konečka zijalka) showing the inferior epithelium (ie) attached to the radular membrane (rm) mineralizing cells (mc) with degenerating nuclei and radular teeth (rt).

Figure 4 from: Jochum A, Slapnik R, Klussmann-Kolb A, Páll-Gergely B, Kampschulte M, Martels G, Vrabec M, Nesselhauf C, Weigand AM (2015) Groping through the black box of variability: An integrative taxonomic and nomenclatural re-evaluation of Zospeum isselianum Pollonera, 1887 and allied species using new imaging technology (Nano-CT, SEM), conchological, histological and molecular data (Ellobioidea, Carychiidae). Subterranean Biology 16: 123-165. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.16.5758

Figure 4 - Overview of morphological assignments, molecular species delimitation results and integrative taxonomic treatment of each of the four clusters, which are indicated by the longitudinal black bars for either the ABDG or the SP approach. Numbers indicate individual specimens; ABGD = Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery; SP = Statistical Parsimony.

Figure 13 from: Jochum A, Slapnik R, Klussmann-Kolb A, Páll-Gergely B, Kampschulte M, Martels G, Vrabec M, Nesselhauf C, Weigand AM (2015) Groping through the black box of variability: An integrative taxonomic and nomenclatural re-evaluation of Zospeum isselianum Pollonera, 1887 and allied species using new imaging technology (Nano-CT, SEM), conchological, histological and molecular data (Ellobioidea, Carychiidae). Subterranean Biology 16: 123-165. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.16.5758

Figure 13 - A Light micrograph showing the histological appearance of Zospeum sp. (Konečka zijalka) (CSR SASA 21675) with the mantel cavity (mc), mucus glands (mg), oesophagus (oe) bearing thick cuticular sheath (cs) and leading into the crop (c), the buccal ganglia (bg), and the cephalopodial portion of the reproductive system including penis (p) and vas deferens (vd) B Paired cerebral ganglia united by the cerebral commissure situated just dorsal to the origin of the oesophagus in the buccal mass.

Figure 12 from: Jochum A, Slapnik R, Klussmann-Kolb A, Páll-Gergely B, Kampschulte M, Martels G, Vrabec M, Nesselhauf C, Weigand AM (2015) Groping through the black box of variability: An integrative taxonomic and nomenclatural re-evaluation of Zospeum isselianum Pollonera, 1887 and allied species using new imaging technology (Nano-CT, SEM), conchological, histological and molecular data (Ellobioidea, Carychiidae). Subterranean Biology 16: 123-165. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.16.5758

Figure 12 - Light micrograph showing histological overview of the digestive system of Zospeum sp. (Konečka zijalka) (CSR SASA 21675). A Mouth and buccal apparatus. Mouth slit between oral lappets (m), crescent-shaped jaw (j), radula (r), pharynx (ph), digestive gland (dg), intestine (i), kidney (k), columellar muscle (cm), and pedal ganglia (peg) B Mantle gland (mag), sigmoid intestine (si), radular sac (rs), cerebral ganglion (cg), mucus glands (mg), kidney (k), heart showing auricle and ventricle (h), digestive gland (dg), columellar muscle (cm), oesophagus (oe) and salivary glands (sg).

Figure 7 from: Jochum A, Slapnik R, Klussmann-Kolb A, Páll-Gergely B, Kampschulte M, Martels G, Vrabec M, Nesselhauf C, Weigand AM (2015) Groping through the black box of variability: An integrative taxonomic and nomenclatural re-evaluation of Zospeum isselianum Pollonera, 1887 and allied species using new imaging technology (Nano-CT, SEM), conchological, histological and molecular data (Ellobioidea, Carychiidae). Subterranean Biology 16: 123-165. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.16.5758

Figure 7 - Kimura−2-parameter (K2P) genetic distance table in %. Delineated species are marked with boxes. For each individual specimen, its morphospecies designation and genetic distance data to all remaining specimens are given.

Figure 11 from: Jochum A, Slapnik R, Klussmann-Kolb A, Páll-Gergely B, Kampschulte M, Martels G, Vrabec M, Nesselhauf C, Weigand AM (2015) Groping through the black box of variability: An integrative taxonomic and nomenclatural re-evaluation of Zospeum isselianum Pollonera, 1887 and allied species using new imaging technology (Nano-CT, SEM), conchological, histological and molecular data (Ellobioidea, Carychiidae). Subterranean Biology 16: 123-165. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.16.5758

Figure 11 - Type and shell images Plate 5: A–E Zospeum kupitzense holotype: (SMF 256354) F–H Zospeum kupitzense (SMNH 3291), Ložekarjeva zijalka I–M Zospeum amoenum (RS59), Potočka zijalka.

Figure 10 from: Jochum A, Slapnik R, Klussmann-Kolb A, Páll-Gergely B, Kampschulte M, Martels G, Vrabec M, Nesselhauf C, Weigand AM (2015) Groping through the black box of variability: An integrative taxonomic and nomenclatural re-evaluation of Zospeum isselianum Pollonera, 1887 and allied species using new imaging technology (Nano-CT, SEM), conchological, histological and molecular data (Ellobioidea, Carychiidae). Subterranean Biology 16: 123-165. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.16.5758

Figure 10 - NanoCT−SEM Plate 4. A–F Zospeum kupitzense (RS3291), Ložekarjeva zijalka G. Zospeum alpestre (SMNH 2216), Kamniška jama H, I−L Zospeum isselianum Ihanščica cave J−K Zospeum amoenum (RS59), Potočka zijalka.

Figure 1 from: Jochum A, Slapnik R, Klussmann-Kolb A, Páll-Gergely B, Kampschulte M, Martels G, Vrabec M, Nesselhauf C, Weigand AM (2015) Groping through the black box of variability: An integrative taxonomic and nomenclatural re-evaluation of Zospeum isselianum Pollonera, 1887 and allied species using new imaging technology (Nano-CT, SEM), conchological, histological and molecular data (Ellobioidea, Carychiidae). Subterranean Biology 16: 123-165. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.16.5758

Figure 1 - Zospeum isselianum potential distribution collated from the literature and museum collections (I. Sajko, CSR SASA).

Figure 15 from: Jochum A, Slapnik R, Klussmann-Kolb A, Páll-Gergely B, Kampschulte M, Martels G, Vrabec M, Nesselhauf C, Weigand AM (2015) Groping through the black box of variability: An integrative taxonomic and nomenclatural re-evaluation of Zospeum isselianum Pollonera, 1887 and allied species using new imaging technology (Nano-CT, SEM), conchological, histological and molecular data (Ellobioidea, Carychiidae). Subterranean Biology 16: 123-165. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.16.5758

Figure 15 - Light micrograph showing histological appearance of the radular complex of Zospeum sp. (Konečka zijalka) (CSR SASA 21675). A Odontoblasts (odb) grouped in lower posterior section of radular sheath, radular teeth (rt), odontophore (od), and collostyle (col) B Section through an acinus of the ovotestis showing some stages of development of sustentacular cells (Sertoli cells) (sc) with spermatogonia (spg), spermatids (sp) and oogonia (og).

Figure 3 from: Jochum A, Slapnik R, Klussmann-Kolb A, Páll-Gergely B, Kampschulte M, Martels G, Vrabec M, Nesselhauf C, Weigand AM (2015) Groping through the black box of variability: An integrative taxonomic and nomenclatural re-evaluation of Zospeum isselianum Pollonera, 1887 and allied species using new imaging technology (Nano-CT, SEM), conchological, histological and molecular data (Ellobioidea, Carychiidae). Subterranean Biology 16: 123-165. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.16.5758

Figure 3 - Geographical position and river drainage systems of the Julian Alps and the Kamnik Savinja Alps range. Sampling sites: 1 Turjeva jama 2 Ložekarjeva jama 3 Konečka zijalka 4 Potočka zijalka 5 Jama na Zgornjih Brsnikih 6 Tomažičeva zijalka 7 Kamniška jama 8 Ihanščica cave. Digital terrain model from Jarvis et al., 2008. River network data courtesy of Public Information of Slovenia, the Surveying and Mapping Authority of the Republic of Slovenia, DPK1000V (2008).

Figure 9 from: Jochum A, Slapnik R, Klussmann-Kolb A, Páll-Gergely B, Kampschulte M, Martels G, Vrabec M, Nesselhauf C, Weigand AM (2015) Groping through the black box of variability: An integrative taxonomic and nomenclatural re-evaluation of Zospeum isselianum Pollonera, 1887 and allied species using new imaging technology (Nano-CT, SEM), conchological, histological and molecular data (Ellobioidea, Carychiidae). Subterranean Biology 16: 123-165. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.16.5758

Figure 9 - SEM Microstructures Plate 3. A−F Zospeum isselianum (CSR SASA 37013 conspecific), Turjeva jama G−H Zospeum sp. (CSR SASA 21675), Konečka zijalka I−L Zospeum kupitzense (SMNH 3291), Ložekarjeva jama M−O Zospeum amoenum (RS103), Ihanščica cave.

Figure 9 from: Elshishka M, Lazarova S, Radoslavov G, Hristov P, Peneva VK (2015) New data on two remarkable Antarctic species Amblydorylaimus isokaryon (Loof, 1975) Andrássy, 1998 and Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus (Loof, 1975), gen. n., comb. n. (Nematoda, Dorylaimida). ZooKeys 511: 25-68. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.511.9793

Figure 9 - Amblydorylaimus isokaryon (Loof, 1975). Male: A Posterior end (LI, HPPS) B Lateral guiding piece (NI) C Spicula (LI, HPPS) D Tail end, caudal pores (NI) E–G Tail ends (E, F NI; G LI, HPPS). Scale bars: 50 µm (A); 10 µm (B–G).

Figure 8 from: Elshishka M, Lazarova S, Radoslavov G, Hristov P, Peneva VK (2015) New data on two remarkable Antarctic species Amblydorylaimus isokaryon (Loof, 1975) Andrássy, 1998 and Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus (Loof, 1975), gen. n., comb. n. (Nematoda, Dorylaimida). ZooKeys 511: 25-68. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.511.9793

Figure 8 - Amblydorylaimus isokaryon (Loof, 1975). Male: A Pharyngeal region (NI) B–D Lip region (B, C NI; D LI, HPPS) E, F Amphidial fovea (E LI, HPPS; F NI) G Entire body (NI) H Part of testis with sperm (NI) I Prerectum, rectum and ejaculatory glands (LI, HPPS) J Tongue-like projection (LI, HPPS). Scale bars: 50 µm (A); 10 µm (B–F, H–J); 200 µm (G).

Figure 7 from: Elshishka M, Lazarova S, Radoslavov G, Hristov P, Peneva VK (2015) New data on two remarkable Antarctic species Amblydorylaimus isokaryon (Loof, 1975) Andrássy, 1998 and Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus (Loof, 1975), gen. n., comb. n. (Nematoda, Dorylaimida). ZooKeys 511: 25-68. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.511.9793

Figure 7 - Amblydorylaimus isokaryon (Loof, 1975). Female: A, B Anterior ends (A NI; B LI, HPPS) C–E Amphidial fovea (C LI, HPPS; D, E NI) F Entire body (NI) G, I–K Vulval region (G, I NI; J, K LI, HPPS) H Cardia and dorsal cellular mass (marked by an arrow) (NI) L–N Tail ends (L, M NI; N LI, HPPS). Scale bars: 10 µm (A–E, G–N); 200 µm (F).

Figure 6 from: Elshishka M, Lazarova S, Radoslavov G, Hristov P, Peneva VK (2015) New data on two remarkable Antarctic species Amblydorylaimus isokaryon (Loof, 1975) Andrássy, 1998 and Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus (Loof, 1975), gen. n., comb. n. (Nematoda, Dorylaimida). ZooKeys 511: 25-68. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.511.9793

Figure 6 - Amblydorylaimus isokaryon (Loof, 1975). Juveniles: A–F Tail ends (NI) A J1 B, C J2 D, E J3 F J4. Scale bar: 50 µm (A–F).

Figure 4 from: Elshishka M, Lazarova S, Radoslavov G, Hristov P, Peneva VK (2015) New data on two remarkable Antarctic species Amblydorylaimus isokaryon (Loof, 1975) Andrássy, 1998 and Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus (Loof, 1975), gen. n., comb. n. (Nematoda, Dorylaimida). ZooKeys 511: 25-68. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.511.9793

Figure 4 - Amblydorylaimus isokaryon (Loof, 1975). Male: A–C Posterior ends (A LI, HPPS; B NI; C KGI) D Sperm in ductus ejaculatoris (KGI). Scale bar: 50 µm (A–D).

Figure 3 from: Elshishka M, Lazarova S, Radoslavov G, Hristov P, Peneva VK (2015) New data on two remarkable Antarctic species Amblydorylaimus isokaryon (Loof, 1975) Andrássy, 1998 and Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus (Loof, 1975), gen. n., comb. n. (Nematoda, Dorylaimida). ZooKeys 511: 25-68. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.511.9793

Figure 3 - Amblydorylaimus isokaryon (Loof, 1975). Male: A, D, E, G Anterior end (A NI; D, E, G LI, HPPS) B, C Amphidial fovea (B NI; C LI, HPPS) F Posterior ventrosublateral glands, cardia (KGI) H Posterior end (NI). Scale bar: 50 µm (A–H).

Figure 5 from: Elshishka M, Lazarova S, Radoslavov G, Hristov P, Peneva VK (2015) New data on two remarkable Antarctic species Amblydorylaimus isokaryon (Loof, 1975) Andrássy, 1998 and Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus (Loof, 1975), gen. n., comb. n. (Nematoda, Dorylaimida). ZooKeys 511: 25-68. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.511.9793

Figure 5 - Amblydorylaimus isokaryon (Loof, 1975). Juveniles: A–D Lip region of J1-J4 (NI). Scale bar: 50 µm (A–D).

Figure 26 from: Elshishka M, Lazarova S, Radoslavov G, Hristov P, Peneva VK (2015) New data on two remarkable Antarctic species Amblydorylaimus isokaryon (Loof, 1975) Andrássy, 1998 and Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus (Loof, 1975), gen. n., comb. n. (Nematoda, Dorylaimida). ZooKeys 511: 25-68. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.511.9793

Figure 26 - Hypothesis of the phylogenetic relationships of Amblydorylaimus isokaryon (Loof, 1975) and Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus (Loof, 1975), gen. n. comb. n. based on 28S rDNA D2-D3 inferred from a Bayesian analysis using GTR+G model and midpoint rooting of the tree. Posterior probabilities higher than 0.8 are presented. Species coloured according the classification of Andrássy (2009a) and Peña-Santiago and Álvarez-Ortega (2014): dark blue – fam. Aporcelaimidae, light blue – fam. Actinolaimidae, dark green – fam. Dorylaimidae, light green – fam. Thornenematidae, red – fam. Qudsianematidae, yellow – fam. Swangeriidae, violet – fam. Belondiridae. *For abbreviations of localities see Table 1

Figure 25 from: Elshishka M, Lazarova S, Radoslavov G, Hristov P, Peneva VK (2015) New data on two remarkable Antarctic species Amblydorylaimus isokaryon (Loof, 1975) Andrássy, 1998 and Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus (Loof, 1975), gen. n., comb. n. (Nematoda, Dorylaimida). ZooKeys 511: 25-68. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.511.9793

Figure 25 - Hypothesis of the phylogenetic relationships of Amblydorylaimus isokaryon (Loof, 1975) and Pararhyssocolpus paradoxus (Loof, 1975), gen. n. comb. n. based on 18S rDNA of closest species (17 sequences) inferred from a Bayesian analysis using GTR+G model and midpoint rooting of the tree. Posterior probabilities higher than 0.8 are presented. Species coloured according the classification of Andrássy (2009a) and Peña-Santiago and Álvarez-Ortega (2014): dark blue – fam. Aporcelaimidae, light blue – fam. Actinolaimidae, green – fam. Dorylaimidae, red – fam. Qudsianematidae.