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22,549 results for “AND LTER”
SBC LTER: Reef: Long-term experiment: Kelp removal: Fish abundance
These data describe the abundance and size of reef-associated fish within permanent plots of a long-term experiment designed to examine trajectories of change in the structure and productivity of kelp forest communities in response to changes in the frequency and severity of disturbance to giant kelp. The number, size and species identity of reef fish were recorded within a 2 m wide swath centered along a 40 m long transect extending up to 2 m off the bottom. Fish size was measured as total length estimated to the nearest cm. The experiment was initiated in 2008 at five reef sites along the mainland coast of the Santa Barbara Channel and included an annual kelp removal treatment designed to simulate increases in the frequency and severity of winter wave disturbance and a continual kelp removal treatment that allowed the effects of giant kelp on the community to be evaluated. The last experimental removals of giant kelp occurred in winter 2016 or winter 2017, depending on the site. Data collection continued in all plots until spring 2023 to document the recovery trajectory of the reef fish community following the cessation of experimental kelp removal.
SBC LTER: Reference: Sea-surface water temperature, Santa Barbara Harbor, Santa Barbara, CA, USA, 1955 to present, ongoing
The SBC-LTER has access to data on seawater temperature collected at Santa Barbara Harbor, Santa Barbara, CA, USA through the Scripps Institution of Oceanography Manual Shore Stations program. The SIO Manual Shore Stations program provides data and information about this shore station. For further information, please visit the SIO Manual Shore Stations website at https://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb07606686. Please note: manual shore station data is updated periodically, not continuously. Funding for the Shore Stations Program provided by the California Department of Parks and Recreation, Natural Resources Division, Award# C22820005. Contact shorestation@ucsd.edu if you have questions
SBC LTER: Reef: Long-term experiment: Kelp removal: Invertebrate and algal density
These data describe the abundance of common reef associated species of macro invertebrates and macroalgae within permanent plots of a long-term experiment designed to examine trajectories of change in the structure and productivity of kelp forest communities in response to changes in the frequency and severity of disturbance to giant kelp. The number of individuals of approximately 50 taxa were recorded by divers along 40 m transects within each plot. Small species of macroalgae and macinvertebrates were counted within six permanent 1 m2 quadrats positioned uniformly along the 40 m transect, while larger species were counted within four contiguous 20 m2 sub-sections of each 40 m x 2 m transect. Also included at the quadrat scale are estimates of an average size-related measurement of each species, which was developed specifically for each species for the purpose of estimating its biomass. The experiment was initiated in 2008 at five reef sites along the mainland coast of the Santa Barbara Channel and included an annual kelp removal treatment designed to simulate increases in the frequency and severity of winter wave disturbance and a continual kelp removal treatment that allowed the effects of giant kelp on the community to be evaluated. The last experimental removals of giant kelp occurred in winter 2016 or winter 2017, depending on the site. Data collection continued in all plots until spring 2023 to document the recovery trajectory of the reef fish community following the cessation of experimental kelp removal.
SBC LTER: Daily averages of modeled significant wave height (Hs) and peak wave period (Tp) in the Santa Barbara Coastal area from the Coastal Data Information Program - Monitoring and Prediction System (CDIP MOP)
From http://cdip.ucsb.edu: The Coastal Data Information Program (CDIP) is a research group at Scripps Institution of Oceanography that monitors coastal waves and nearshore sand levels on regional scales. CDIP maintains a network of optimally-placed, directional wave buoys from San Diego to Eureka. The buoy measurements are used to initialize a high spatial resolution (100m x 100m) linear spectral wave propagation model. The resulting hourly hindcasts and nowcasts of CA coastal wave conditions have a level of accuracy that is not possible with more traditional wind-wave generation models that are initialized with modeled wind fields.
SBC LTER: Beach: Time-series of beach wrack cover and biomass, ongoing since 2008
These data describe the composition, cover, depth, and wet biomass of macrophyte wrack accumulated in the intertidal zone measured on five selected sandy beaches of the mainland coast of the Santa Barbara Channel. Data collection began in 2008 and this dataset is updated annually. Two data tables in this data package: 1. Wrack_Cover_All_Years. This is long-term time-series dataset starting in 2008 with fixed wrack species codes. 2. The Wrack_Cover_NON_FILLED_Partialkep dataset is added in 2019, to distinguish whether the fresh or old blade, stipe and holdfast was a fragment or attached to a whole plant.
SBC LTER: Reef: Kelp Forest Community Dynamics: Transect geospatial metadata
The data table provides summaries of depth information (mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation) for all of the transects surveyed as part of the SBC LTER Kelp Forest Monitoring program. All data are expressed in meters, reference to mean lower low water (MLLW). Each value is the result of 160 observations, four at each meter (n=160). The sampling locations in this dataset are 40 meter transects at nine reef sites along the mainland coast of the Santa Barbara Channel and at two sites on the north side of Santa Cruz Island. The PDF document provides descriptive information of the transect such as headings and relative locations of the points along the transect. Data were recorded in 2010 and 2011, except that IVEE transect 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 were recorded in 2024.
SBC LTER: Beach: Time series of abundance of birds and stranded kelp on selected beaches, ongoing since 2008
Dataset contains the distribution, abundance and seasonal occurrence of birds, humans, dogs, and of freshly stranded giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera) plants and holdfasts present during monthly low-tide (<= 2.5 ft) weekday surveys of standard 1 km long transects on selected sandy beaches of the mainland coast of the Santa Barbara Channel. The abundance of humans, dogs, marine mammals and dead or oiled wildlife is also recorded during each survey. Sampling began in 2008 and is ongoing. See Methods for more information.
SBC LTER: Settlement of urchins and other invertebrates, ongoing since 1990
The dataset comprises weekly to biweekly data on invertebrate settlement on artificial substrates at six sites in Southern California, and one site in Northern California. The study began in early 1990 and is ongoing. The study’s main focus is on urchins (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus and Mesocentrotus franciscanus), but was expanded to include selected bivalves, gastropods and crabs during the period 1994-1997. The purpose of the study is to compare and contrast patterns of settlement supply across a large geographical gradient to explore the possible influence of oceanographic features on these patterns. Both of these goals are facilitated by the long duration of the dataset, its large geographical range and the high temporal frequency of collection. See Methods for more information.
SBC LTER: Ocean: Time-series: Mid-water SeaFET and CO2 system chemistry at Alegria (ALE), 2011-2014
Calibrated pH (Total scale, SeaFET sensor) data was collected from Alegria in the Santa Barbara Channel (site ID: ALE) along with in situ temperature and associated carbonate chemistry parameters. The SeaFET instrument is located about 4 meters from the surface, with other moored instruments. Associated carbonate chemistry parameters were calculated with the CO2calc programs from USGS, and include: partial pressure and fugosity of CO2, concentrations of bicarbonate, carbonate and hyrdroxide ion, Omega (saturation state) of calcite and aragonite. Data have been interpolated to a 20 minute time interval for compatibility with other SBC LTER moored instrument data. Data coverage is 2011-06-21 to 2014-01-07.The update of this dataset was terminated in 2019. All data from this site have been concatenated with the pH data from the other sites and merged into one data package: https://portal.edirepository.org/nis/mapbrowse?scope=knb-lter-sbc&identifier=6005
SBC LTER: Ocean: Time-series: nearshore dissolved oxygen and temperature outside of reefs, ongoing since 2011
Dissolved oxygen (miniDOT sensors) data was collected from 6 reefs in the Santa Barbara Channel along with in situ temperature. Most dissolved oxygen sensors are deployed together with SBC long-term mooring instruments. Data collection intervals and miniDOT sensor depths vary based on the site location.
SBC LTER: Reef: Sightings of sea otters (Enhydra lutris) near Santa Barbara and Channel Islands, ongoing since 2007
These data describe the number, location and activity or behavior of sea otters (Enhydra lutris) individuals observed along the Santa Barbara Coast and local Channel Islands, during SBC LTER field sampling. Observations began in 2007. Records are collected regularly at SBC core sites and opportunistically while research staff are underway or travelling between sites. Locations are included, but some latitudes and longitudes are approximate.
SBC LTER: pH time series: Water-sample pH and CO2 system chemistry, ongoing since 2011
Data are a time-series of pH and carbonate chemistry in manually-collected sea water samples from sixteen near-shore locations and 20 locations along the Santa Barbara Channel, California, USA, and intended to benchmark data from moored pH instruments. Data collection began in June 2011 and is ongoing. Time-series for pH sensors deployed in the field (e.g., SeaFET) are available elsewhere. Discrete seawater samples were collected by hand or using a Niskin bottle. In the laboratory, samples were analyzed for pH (total scale) and total alkalinity. Two parameters were used to calculate the full suite of carbonate chemistry parameters using the CO2calc algorithms. Program outputs are included for laboratory conditions as input, and adjusted for situ temperature. See Methods for more information, e.g., Lunden, et al. Data were collected by a consortium of research groups with the intent to leverage their collective assets and expertise. These groups (and sponsors) include Santa Barbara Coastal LTER (NSF), OMEGAS Project (NSF), Passow Lab (Calif. State Water Board), Hofmann Lab (NSF, CINMS, US NPS).
SBC LTER: Reef: Abundance, size and fishing effort for California Spiny Lobster (Panulirus interruptus), ongoing since 2012
Data on abundance, size and fishing pressure of California spiny lobster (Panulirus interruptus) are collected along the mainland coast of the Santa Barbara Channel. Spiny lobsters are an important predator in giant kelp forests off southern California. Two SBC LTER study reefs are located in or near the California Fish and Game Network of Marine Protected Areas (MPA), Naples and Isla Vista, both established as MPAs on 2012-01-01. MPAs provide a unique opportunity to investigate the effects of fishing on kelp forest community dynamics. Sampling began in 2012 and is ongoing. This dataset contains two tables. 1) Abundance and size data collected annually by divers in late summer before the start of the fishing season at five SBC LTER long term kelp forest study sites: two within MPAs (Naples and Isla Vista) and three outside (Arroyo Quemado, Mohawk and Carpinteria). 2) Fishing pressure, as determined by counting the number of commercial trap floats. Data are collected every two to four weeks during the lobster fishing season (October to March) at nine sites along the mainland, eight of which are also SBC LTER long-term kelp forest study reefs. See Methods for more information.
SBC LTER: Beach: Time-series of beach wrack consumers, ongoing since 2011
These data contain the composition, count, and wet biomass of macroinvertebrates along intertidal transects at five selected sandy beaches of the mainland coast of the Santa Barbara Channel. Data collection began in 2012 and is ongoing. This dataset is updated annually. Macroinvertebrates were collected from uniformly spaced cores along the shore-normal transects also used for physical measurements and macrophyte wrack sampling. Cores were pooled and animals and organic material sieved. In the laboratory, all macroinvertebrate species were identified, enumerated, blotted dry and weighed.
Sevilleta LTER Vegetation Sample Catalog- Ground Samples for Chemical Analysis
Several long-term studies at the Sevilleta LTER measure net primary production (NPP) across ecosystems and treatments. Net primary production is a fundamental ecological variable that quantifies rates of carbon consumption and fixation. Estimates of NPP are important in understanding energy flow at a community level as well as spatial and temporal responses to a range of ecological processes. The NPP weight data (SEV 157) is obtained by harvesting a series of covers for species observed during plot sampling. These species are always harvested from habitat comparable to the plots in which they were recorded. This data is then used to make volumetric measurements of species and build regressions correlating biomass and volume. From these calculations, seasonal biomass and seasonal and annual NPP are determined. These sampled are then vouchered for use to do analyses of inorganic and organic components such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorous as well as and other macro and micro nutrients and organic components such as cellulose and lignin.
SEV-LTER quadrat plant species cover and height all sites and experiments
This dataset includes plant species cover and height data measured in 1 m x 1 m quadrats at several sites and experiments under the Sevilleta LTER program. Quadrat locations span four distinct ecosystems and their ecotones: creosotebush dominated Chihuahuan Desert shrubland (est. winter 1999), black grama-dominated Chihuahuan Desert grassland (est. winter 1999), blue grama-dominated Plains grassland (est. winter 2002), and pinon-juniper woodland (est. winter 2003). Data on plant cover and height for each plant species are collected per individual plant or patch (for clonal plants) within 1 m x 1 m quadrats. These data inform population dynamics of foundational and rare plant species. In addition, using plant allometries, these non-destructive measurements of plant cover and height can be used to calculate net primary production (NPP), a fundamental ecosystem variable that quantifies rates of carbon consumption and fixation. Estimates of plant species cover, total plant biomass, or NPP can inform understanding of biodiversity, species composition, and energy flow at the community scale of biological organization, as well as spatial and temporal responses of plants to a range of ecological processes and direct experimental manipulations. The cover and height of individual plants or patches are sampled twice yearly (spring and fall) in permanent 1m x 1m plots within each site or experiment. This dataset includes core site monitoring data (CORE, GRIDS, ISOWEB, TOWER), observations in response to wildfire (BURN), and experimental treatments of extreme drought and delayed monsoon rainfall (EDGE), physical disturbance to biological soil crusts on the soil surface (CRUST), interannual variability in precipitation (MEANVAR), intra-annual variability via additions of monsoon rainfall (MRME), additions of nitrogen as ammonium nitrate (FERTILIZER), additions of nitrogen x phosphorus x potassium (NutNet), and interacting effects of nighttime warming, nitrogen addition, and El Ni
SEV-LTER quadrat plant species biomass all sites and experiments
This dataset includes estimated plant aboveground live biomass data measured in 1 m x 1 m quadrats at several sites and experiments under the Sevilleta LTER program. Quadrat locations span four distinct ecosystems and their ecotones: creosotebush dominated Chihuahuan Desert shrubland (est. winter 1999), black grama-dominated Chihuahuan Desert grassland (est. winter 1999), blue grama-dominated Plains grassland (est. winter 2002), and pinon-juniper woodland (est. winter 2003). Data on plant cover and height for each plant species are collected per individual plant or patch (for clonal plants) within 1 m x 1 m quadrats. These data inform population dynamics of foundational and rare plant species. Biomass is estimated using plant allometries from non-destructive measurements of plant cover and height, and can be used to calculate net primary production (NPP), a fundamental ecosystem variable that quantifies rates of carbon consumption and fixation. Estimates of plant species cover, total plant biomass, or NPP can inform understanding of biodiversity, species composition, and energy flow at the community scale of biological organization, as well as spatial and temporal responses of plants to a range of ecological processes and direct experimental manipulations. The cover and height of individual plants or patches are sampled twice yearly (spring and fall) in permanent 1m x 1m plots within each site or experiment. This dataset includes core site monitoring data (CORE, GRIDS, ISOWEB, TOWER), observations in response to wildfire (BURN), and experimental treatments of extreme drought and delayed monsoon rainfall (EDGE), physical disturbance to biological soil crusts on the soil surface (CRUST), interannual variability in precipitation (MEANVAR), intra-annual variability via additions of monsoon rainfall (MRME), additions of nitrogen as ammonium nitrate (FERTILIZER), additions of nitrogen x phosphorus x potassium (NutNet), and interacting effects of nighttime warming, nitroge
SEV-LTER Mean - Variance Experiment Plains Grassland Soil Moisture and Temperature
We designed novel field experimental infrastructure to resolve the relative importance of changes in the climate mean and variance in regulating the structure and function of dryland populations, communities, and ecosystem processes. The Mean - Variance Experiment (MVE) adds three novel elements to prior designs that have manipulated interannual variance in climate in the field (Gherardi & Sala, 2013) by (i) determining interactive effects of mean and variance with a factorial design that crosses reduced mean with increased variance, (ii) studying multiple dryland biomes to compare their susceptibility to transition under interactive climate drivers, and (iii) adding stochasticity to our treatments to permit the antecedent effects that occur under natural climate variability. This new infrastructure enables direct experimental tests of the hypothesis that interactions between the mean and variance of precipitation will have larger ecological impacts than either the mean or variance in precipitation alone. A subset of plots have soil moisture and temperature sensors to evaluate treatment effectiveness by addressing, How do MVE manipulations alter the mean and variance in soil moisture and temperature? And How does micro-environmental variation among plots influence how treatments alter soil moisture profiles over three soil depths? This data package includes sensor data from the Mean x Variance experiment in the Plains grassland ecosystem at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, Socorro, NM, which is dominated by the grass species Bouteloua gracilis (blue grama).
SEV-LTER Mean x Variance Experiment Desert Grassland Soil Moisture and Temperature
We designed novel field experimental infrastructure to resolve the relative importance of changes in the climate mean and variance in regulating the structure and function of dryland populations, communities, and ecosystem processes. The Mean x Variance Experiment (MVE) adds three novel elements to prior designs (Gherardi & Sala 2013) that have manipulated interannual variance in climate in the field by (i) determining interactive effects of mean and variance with a factorial design that crosses a drier mean with increased (more) variance, (ii) studying multiple dryland ecosystem types to compare their susceptibility to transition under interactive climate drivers, and (iii) adding stochasticity to our treatments to permit the antecedent effects that occur under natural climate variability. This new infrastructure enables direct experimental tests of the hypothesis that interactions between the mean and variance of precipitation will have larger ecological impacts than either the mean or variance in precipitation alone. A subset of plots have soil moisture and temperature sensors to evaluate treatment effectiveness by addressing, How do MVE manipulations alter the mean and variance in soil moisture and temperature? And, how does micro-environmental variation among plots influence how much MVE treatments alter soil moisture profiles over three soil depths? This data package includes soil moisture and temperature sensor data from the Mean x Variance Climate experiment in the Desert grassland ecosystem at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, Socorro, NM.
Evolutionary Monitoring for the SEV LTER program at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico
This dataset contains collection and specimen archive information for plant and arthropod tissue samples from the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge that are currently stored in The Museum of Southwestern Biology’s Division of Genomic Resources at the University of New Mexico. The purpose of the sample collection is to allow researchers in the future to do genetic or genomic work on archived historical samples collected at six-year intervals. Six dominant, foundation plant species are represented. Stored tissues include roots from Bouteloua eriopoda, Bouteloua gracilis, Larrea tridentata, and Machaeranthera pinnatifida, leaves from Juniperus monosperma, Larrea tridentata, and Pinus edulis, and seeds from Larrea tridentata. A few arthropods were collected opportunistically when they adhered to plant material brought back to the lab. Collection dates were from 9 October through 4 November 2019. Samples were collected within four core sites of the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, Socorro, NM: (Plains grassland: core_blue, Desert grassland: core_black, Desert shrubland: core_creosote, and Pinon-juniper woodland: core_PJ).
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OpenNeuro
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