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Fig. 5. A–B in On the Neotropical species of the spider genus Tekellina Levi, 1957 (Arachnida: Araneae: Synotaxidae)

Fig. 5. A–B. Tekellina bella Marques & Buckup, 1993, ♂, palp. A. Ventral view. B. Antero-lateral view. C–E. Tekellina crica Marques & Buckup, 1993, ♂. C–D. Palp. C. Ventral view. D. Antero-lateral view. E. Chelicera. F. Tarsal claws. Scale bars: A–E = 100 µm; F = 20 µm. Abbreviations: see Material and methods.

Fig. 9. A–C in On the Neotropical species of the spider genus Tekellina Levi, 1957 (Arachnida: Araneae: Synotaxidae)

Fig. 9. A–C. Tekellina picurrucha Rodrigues & Estol sp. nov. A. ♂ (MCN 31476), habitus, dorsal view. B. ♂ (MCN 31476), habitus, lateral view. C. ♀ (IBSP 50834), habitus, dorsal view. D–F. T. miuda Rodrigues & Estol sp. nov. D. ♂ (MCN 48872), habitus, dorsal view. E. ♂ (MCN 48872), habitus, lateral view. F. ♀ (MCN 48871), habitus, dorsal view. G–H. T. miudinha Rodrigues & Estol sp. nov. G. ♀, holotype (MCN 48870), habitus, dorsal view. H. ♀, holotype (MCN 48870), habitus, lateral view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 2. A–C in On the Neotropical species of the spider genus Tekellina Levi, 1957 (Arachnida: Araneae: Synotaxidae)

Fig. 2. A–C. Tekellina bella Marques & Buckup, 1993 (MCN 22170). A. ♂, palp, ventral view. B. ♂, palp, retrolateral view. C. Type (MPEG 35551), epigynum, ventral view. D–F. T. crica Marques & Buckup, 1993. D. Holotype, ♂ (INPA) palp, ventral view. E. Holotype, ♂ (INPA), palp, retrolateral view. F. Paratype, ♀ (MCN 22090), epigynum, ventral view. G–I. T. minor Marques & Buckup, 1993. G. ♂ (MCN 40893), palp, ventral view. H. ♂ (MCN 40893), palp, retrolateral view. I. ♀ (MCN 48868), epigynum, ventral view. J–L. T. guaiba Marques & Buckup, 1993 (MCN 41624). J. ♂, palp, ventral view. K. ♂, palp, retrolateral view. L. Epigynum, ventral view. Scale bars = 0.25 mm. Abbreviations: see Material and methods.

Fig. 1. Tekellina archboldi Levi, 1957. A in On the Neotropical species of the spider genus Tekellina Levi, 1957 (Arachnida: Araneae: Synotaxidae)

Fig. 1. Tekellina archboldi Levi, 1957. A. ♂, habitus, dorsal view. B. ♂, habitus, lateral view. C. ♀, habitus, dorsal view. D. ♂, palp, ventral view. E. ♂, palp, retrolateral view. F. ♀, clarified epigynum, ventral view. G. ♀, epigynum, dorsal view. Images: Fernando Álvarez Padilha (UNAM, Mexico). Available from http://unamfcaracnolab.com [accessed 14 Jun. 2024].

FIGURE 5 in Genetic diversity and aquaculture conservation for a threatened Neotropical catfish

FIGURE 5 | Candidates breeding pairs in the three hatcheries, Bebedouro (BEB), Paulo Afonso (PA) and Itiúba (IT), assessed by Coancestry (Lynch & Li estimator).

FIGURE 3 in Genetic diversity and aquaculture conservation for a threatened Neotropical catfish

FIGURE 3 | Scatterplot of the Discriminant Analysis of Principal Components (DAPC) of Lophiosilurus alexandri genotypes from captive broodstocks (Bebedouro, Paulo Afonso, and Itiúba (clusters 1, 3, and 5) and wild samples taken from two stretches of the São Francisco River (upper (cluster 2) and submiddle (cluster 4). Clusters are shown by different colors and inertia ellipses, while dots represent individuals. Eigenvalues of the analysis are displayed in inset.

FIGURE 4 in Genetic diversity and aquaculture conservation for a threatened Neotropical catfish

FIGURE 4 | Relatedness estimators Wang (RW) and Lynch & Li (RLL) calculated for A. the three full-sib families (■ FS1, ■ FS2 and ■ FS3) and B. for the wild samples (■ upper and ■ submiddle São Francisco River stretches) of Lophiosilurus alexandri.

FIGURE 2 in Genetic diversity and aquaculture conservation for a threatened Neotropical catfish

FIGURE 2 | Attributions of Lophiosilurus alexandri genotypes from A. captive broodstocks (Bebedouro, Paulo Afonso, and Itiúba) and wild samples taken from two stretches of the São Francisco River (upper and submiddle) and B. only for the wild samples. Each vertical bar represents a different individual and the length is proportional to the inferred group, cluster 1 (red) and cluster 2 (green). Respective estimated K value through log-likelihood. Y axis for delta (K) values and X axis for different K values tested.

FIGURE 1 in Genetic diversity and aquaculture conservation for a threatened Neotropical catfish

FIGURE 1 | Map showing the São Francisco River Basin with locations of the three restocking hatcheries () of Lophiosilurus alexandri and an experimental laboratory (LAQUA). The wild samples taken in the upper and submiddle stretches are denoted by.

FIGURE 25 in Systematic revision of the Neotropical catfish genus Scleronema (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae), with descriptions of six new species from Pampa grasslands

FIGURE 25 | Original drawings published by Eigenmann (1918): A. lateral view of the holotype of Scleronema operculatum, FMNH 58080, (plate 44; fig. 1); B. neurocranium, suspensorium, opercular apparatus, and inferior jaw from dorsal view of one paratype of S. operculatum, FMNH 58520, (p. 282; fig. 2d–e); C. part of the distribution map (modified from original drawing) showing the occurrence area of Scleronema (dashed square) at that time (plate 36).

FIGURE 16 in Systematic revision of the Neotropical catfish genus Scleronema (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae), with descriptions of six new species from Pampa grasslands

FIGURE 16 | Scleronema minutum, lectotype of Trichomycterus minutus (BMNH 1891.3.16.84; 32.4 mm SL), Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, São Lourenço do Sul, stream tributary to laguna dos Patos. Photograph taken by Sandra Raredon.

FIGURE 13 in Systematic revision of the Neotropical catfish genus Scleronema (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae), with descriptions of six new species from Pampa grasslands

FIGURE 13 | Small specimens of A. Scleronema mate, new species, paratype (UFRGS 17616; 34.3 mm SL) and B. S. teiniagua, new species, paratype (LIRP 16776; 29.3 mm SL).

FIGURE 9 in Systematic revision of the Neotropical catfish genus Scleronema (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae), with descriptions of six new species from Pampa grasslands

FIGURE 9 | Scleronema macanuda, new species, holotype (MCN 20230; 71.8 mm SL), Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul Sentinela do Sul, irrigation water channel draining to arroio Velhaco, laguna dos Patos system.

FIGURE 6 in Systematic revision of the Neotropical catfish genus Scleronema (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae), with descriptions of six new species from Pampa grasslands

FIGURE 6 | Scleronema guapa just after the fixation in formalin, holotype (UFRGS 23500; 36.4 mm SL), Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul State, Rosário do Sul, sanga Santo Antônio, tributary to rio Ibicuí da Armada, lower rio Uruguay.

FIGURE 5 in Systematic revision of the Neotropical catfish genus Scleronema (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae), with descriptions of six new species from Pampa grasslands

FIGURE 5 | Dorsal view of the head of A. Scleronema mate, new species, paratype (UFRGS 17418; 34.9 mm SL), B. S. ibirapuita, new species, paratype (UFRGS 27402; 49.4 mm SL), C. S. milonga, new species, paratype (LIRP 16775; 35.3 mm SL), and D. S. minutum (UFRGS 19651; 46.4 mm SL) showing the pores of the laterosensory system. "Ap" = additional pore.

FIGURE 8 in Systematic revision of the Neotropical catfish genus Scleronema (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae), with descriptions of six new species from Pampa grasslands

FIGURE 8 | Scleronema ibirapuita, new species, holotype (MCN 19470; 39.5 mm SL), Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Santana do Livramento, "Área de Proteção Ambiental (APA) Ibirapuitã", rio Ibirapuitã Chico, rio Ibicuí drainage, lower rio Uruguay.

FIGURE 15 in Systematic revision of the Neotropical catfish genus Scleronema (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae), with descriptions of six new species from Pampa grasslands

FIGURE 15 | Specimen just after the fixation in formalin of Scleronema milonga, new species, paratype (UFRGS 7685; 32.7 mm SL), Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, São Nicolau, unnamed stream tributary to rio Ijuí, lower rio Uruguay.

FIGURE 19 in Systematic revision of the Neotropical catfish genus Scleronema (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae), with descriptions of six new species from Pampa grasslands

FIGURE 19 | Scleronema minutum, paratype of Pygidium angustirostris (BMNH 1944.6.20.1; 34.5 mm SL), Uruguay, Paysandú, cañada de las Piedras Blancas, tributary to río Queguay, lower rio Uruguay. Photograph taken by Sandra Raredon.

FIGURE 14 in Systematic revision of the Neotropical catfish genus Scleronema (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae), with descriptions of six new species from Pampa grasslands

FIGURE 14 | Scleronema milonga, new species, holotype (MCP 54165; 37.8 mm SL), Brazil, Rio Grande do Sul, Dezesseis de Novembro, arroio Lageado Araçá, rio Ijuí drainage, lower rio Uruguay.

FIGURE 3 in Systematic revision of the Neotropical catfish genus Scleronema (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae), with descriptions of six new species from Pampa grasslands

FIGURE 3 | Dorsal view of the autopalatine (au) and maxilla (ma) of Scleronema minutum (ZVC-P 12491) showing the arch-shaped process on its dorsal surface (black arrow). Scale bar = 2 mm.