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Figure 26 in A review of the genus Leiurus Ehrenberg, 1828 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) with description of four new species from the Arabian Peninsula

Figure 26: Leiurus haenggii sp. n., holotype female. Pedipalp. A. Right femur, dorsal aspect. B. Right patella, dorsal aspect. C. Right patella, external aspect. D. Left chela, dorsal aspect. E. Left chela, ventral aspect. F. Left movable finger dentition. G. Left fixed finger dentition. H. Left chela, external aspect. Ta'if, Saudi Arabia (NHMB 17k).

Figure 16 in A review of the genus Leiurus Ehrenberg, 1828 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) with description of four new species from the Arabian Peninsula

Figure 16: Leiurus macroctenus sp. n., paratype female. Habitus, dorsal aspect. Wadi Qitaar, Masirah Island, Oman.

Figure 20 in A review of the genus Leiurus Ehrenberg, 1828 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) with description of four new species from the Arabian Peninsula

Figure 20: Leiurus macroctenus sp. n. Metasoma. A. Male, lateral aspect. B. Male, ventral aspect. C. Female, lateral aspect. D. Female, ventral aspect. Male holotype, Thumrait, Oman. Female paratype, Wadi Qitaar, Masirah Island, Oman.

Figure 9 in A review of the genus Leiurus Ehrenberg, 1828 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) with description of four new species from the Arabian Peninsula

Figure 9: Leiurus brachycentrus (Ehrenberg, 1829) stat. n.. Metasoma. A. Male, lateral aspect. B. Male, ventral aspect. C. Female, lateral aspect. D. Female, ventral aspect. Male, Ad Darb, Saudi Arabia. Female, Al Mansuriah, Yemen.

Figure 21 in A review of the genus Leiurus Ehrenberg, 1828 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) with description of four new species from the Arabian Peninsula

Figure 21: Leiurus macroctenus sp. n., holotype male. Tarsi. A–D. Left telotarsus and distal basitarsus, ventral aspect. A. Leg I. B. Leg II. C. Leg III. D. Leg IV. E. Right basitarsus III retrolateral aspect. Upper scale bar: A–D, lower scale bar: E. Thumrait, Oman.

Figure 8 in A review of the genus Leiurus Ehrenberg, 1828 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) with description of four new species from the Arabian Peninsula

Figure 8: Leiurus brachycentrus (Ehrenberg, 1829) stat. n., female. Right pedipalp. A. Femur, dorsal aspect. B. Patella, dorsal aspect. C. Patella, external aspect. D. Chela, ventral aspect. E. Chela, dorsal aspect. F. Fixed finger dentition. G. Movable finger dentition. H. Chela, external aspect. Al Mansuriah, Yemen.

Figure 15 in A review of the genus Leiurus Ehrenberg, 1828 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) with description of four new species from the Arabian Peninsula

Figure 15: Leiurus macroctenus sp. n., holotype male. Right pedipalp. A. Femur, dorsal aspect. B. Patella, dorsal aspect. C. Patella, external aspect. D. Chela, ventral aspect. E. Chela, dorsal aspect. F. Fixed finger dentition. G. Movable finger dentition. H. Chela, external aspect. Thumrait, Oman.

Figures 111–113 in Trypanothacus gen. n., a new genus of burrowing scorpion from the Arabian Peninsula (Scorpiones: Buthidae)

Figures 111–113: Trypanothacus barnesi gen. et sp. n., mitotic metaphase (111), postpachytene (112) and ideogram (113) (y axis - % of the chromosome length of the haploid set) of male holotype. Scale bar = 5 μm.

Figures 90–93 in Trypanothacus gen. n., a new genus of burrowing scorpion from the Arabian Peninsula (Scorpiones: Buthidae)

Figures 90–93: Trypanothacus buettikeri comb. n. Figures 90–91. Male holotype in dorsal (90) and ventral (91) views. Figures 92–93: Female paratype in dorsal (92) and ventral (93) views. Scale bars: 10 mm.

Figures 86–89 in Trypanothacus gen. n., a new genus of burrowing scorpion from the Arabian Peninsula (Scorpiones: Buthidae)

Figures 86–89: Trypanothacus barnesi gen. et sp. n.. Figures 86–87. Male (86) and female (87) from Thumrait, photos by J. N. Barnes. Figures 88–89. Type locality, Oman, S of Schelim, 18.041070°N 55.612262°E.

Figures 59–70 in Trypanothacus gen. n., a new genus of burrowing scorpion from the Arabian Peninsula (Scorpiones: Buthidae)

Figures 59–70: Trypanothacus barnesi gen. et sp. n. Pedipalp segments of female paratypes, chela dorsal (59), external (60), ventral (61) and internal (62) views. Patella dorsal (63), external (64), ventral (65) and internal (66) views. Femur and trochanter dorsal (67), external (68), ventral (69) and internal (70) views. Dorsal views (59, 63, 67): paratype female from Thumrait (XI.1989) (with normal dorsointernal carina on femur). External (60, 64, 68), ventral (61, 65, 69) and internal (62, 66, 70) views: paratype female from Yalooni (XII.1988) (with malformed dorsointernal carina on femur). UV fluorescence. Scale bars: 2 mm (59, 63, 67), 2 mm (60–62, 64–66, 69–70).

Figures 5–10 in Trypanothacus gen. n., a new genus of burrowing scorpion from the Arabian Peninsula (Scorpiones: Buthidae)

Figures 5–10: Trypanothacus barnesi gen. et sp. n. Figures 5, 7, 9. Male holotype, carapace and tergites I–V (5), coxosternal area and sternites (7), right legs I–IV, retrolateral aspect (9.I–IV). Figures 6, 8, 10. Female paratype from the type locality, carapace and tergites I–III (6), coxosternal area and sternites III–IV (8), right legs III–IV, retrolateral aspect (10.III–IV).

Figures 15–22 in Trypanothacus gen. n., a new genus of burrowing scorpion from the Arabian Peninsula (Scorpiones: Buthidae)

Figures 15–22: Trypanothacus barnesi gen. et sp. n. Figures 15, 20–22. Male holotype, metasoma V and telson lateral view (15), metasoma and telson lateral (20), ventral (21), and dorsal (22) views. Figures. 16–19. Female paratype from type locality, metasoma V and telson lateral view (16), metasoma and telson lateral (17), ventral (18), and dorsal (19) views. Scale bars: 4 mm (17–19, 20–21).

Figures 78–83 in Trypanothacus gen. n., a new genus of burrowing scorpion from the Arabian Peninsula (Scorpiones: Buthidae)

Figures 78–83: Hemispermatophore capsule regions and lobes of buthid genera presumed to be closely related to Trypanothacus gen. n.. Figures 78–79: Buthacus stockmanni Kovařík, Lowe et Šťáhlavský, 2016 (topoparatype male, N. of Zag, Morocco). Figures 80–81: Buthacus nigroaculeatus Levy, Amitai et Shulov, 1973 (Wadi Muqshin, Montesar, Oman, 30.III.1989, leg. A.S. Gardner). Figures 82–83: Vachoniolus globimanus Levy, Amitai et Shulov, 1973 (Ramlat As Sahmah, Oman, 7.X.1994, leg. G. Lowe & M.D. Gallagher). All figures right capsule except Figures 78–79 (mirrored left). Anterior (78, 81–82) and convex compressed (79–80, 83) views. Scale bars: 400 µm (78–79), 400 µm (80–81), 400 µm (82–83).

Figures 96–106 in Trypanothacus gen. n., a new genus of burrowing scorpion from the Arabian Peninsula (Scorpiones: Buthidae)

Figures 96–106: Trypanothacus buettikeri comb. n. Figures 96–101. Male holotype, lateral view of metasoma and telson (96), dorsal views of pedipalp chela (97) patella (98) and femur (99), external views of pedipalp chela (100) and patella (101). Figure 102. Male from Wadi Turabah (NHMB No. 509), dorsal view of pedipalp patella. Figures 103–106. Female paratype (NHMB 896), lateral views of metasoma (103) and pedipalp chela (104), dorsal view of pedipalp patella (105) and femur (106). UV fluorescence. Scale bars: 2 mm (96), 2 mm (97–101), 2 mm (102), 2 mm (103), 2 mm (104–106).

Figures 117–118 in Trypanothacus gen. n., a new genus of burrowing scorpion from the Arabian Peninsula (Scorpiones: Buthidae)

Figures 117–118: Trypanothacus barnesi gen. et sp. n., cheliceral massage (117) and spermatophore deposition (118) in a mating pair of individuals collected from the type locality. Photos taken in laboratory. Male is on the right.

Figures 47–58 in Trypanothacus gen. n., a new genus of burrowing scorpion from the Arabian Peninsula (Scorpiones: Buthidae)

Figures 47–58: Trypanothacus barnesi gen. et sp. n. Pedipalp segments of male paratype from Thumrait (VII.1997), chela dorsal (47), external (48), ventral (49) and internal (50) views. Patella dorsal (51), external (52), ventral (53) and internal (54) views. Femur and trochanter dorsal (55), external (56), ventral (57) and internal (58) views. UV fluorescence. Scale bar: 2 mm.

Figures 1–4 in Trypanothacus gen. n., a new genus of burrowing scorpion from the Arabian Peninsula (Scorpiones: Buthidae)

Figures 1–4: Trypanothacus barnesi gen. et sp. n. Figures 1–2. Male paratype from the type locality in dorsal (1) and ventral (2) views. Figures 3–4: Female paratype from the type locality in dorsal (3) and ventral (4) views. Scale bar: 10 mm.

Figures 29–46 in Trypanothacus gen. n., a new genus of burrowing scorpion from the Arabian Peninsula (Scorpiones: Buthidae)

Figures 29–46: Figures 29–42: Trypanothacus barnesi gen. et sp. n. Figures 29–40. Pedipalp segments. Figures 29–38. Male holotype, chela dorsal (29), external (30), and ventral (31) views. Patella dorsal (32), external (33) and ventral (34) views. Femur and trochanter internal (35), dorsal (36), and ventral (37) views. Movable finger dentition (38). Trichobothrial pattern is indicated in Figures 30–33 and 35–36. Figures 39– 40. Female paratype from the type locality, chela dorsal (39) and external (40) views. Figures 41–42. Telson, male holotype (41) and female paratype from type locality (42), lateral views. Figures 43–44: T. buettikeri comb. n., pedipalp chela dorsal, male holotype (43) and female paratype (44). Figures 45–46: Buthacus stockmanni Kovařík et al., 2016, telson, male holotype (45) and female paratype (46), lateral views.

Figures 13–14 in Trypanothacus gen. n., a new genus of burrowing scorpion from the Arabian Peninsula (Scorpiones: Buthidae)

Figures 13–14: Trypanothacus barnesi gen. et sp. n. Female paratype from Yalooni (XII.1988), carapace and tergites I–VII (13), coxosternal area and sternites (14). UV fluorescence. Scale bar: 2 mm.