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Data and code for: Species-specific effects of production practices on genetic diversity in plant reintroduction programs
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Plant production practices can influence the genetic diversity of cultivated plant materials and, ultimately, their potential to adapt to a reintroduction site. A common step in the plant production process is the application of seed pre-treatment to alleviate physiological seed dormancy and successfully germinate seeds. In production settings, the seeds that germinate more rapidly may be favored in order to fill plant quotas. In this study, we investigated how the application of cold-moist stratification treatments with different durations can lead to differences in the genetic diversity of the propagated plant materials. Specifically, we exposed seeds of three <em>Viola</em> species to two different cold stratification durations, and then we analyzed the genetic diversity of the resulting subpopulations through </span><span>double-digestion restriction site-associated sequencing (ddRADseq). Our results show that, in two out of three species, utilizing a short stratification period will decrease the genetic diversity of neutral and expressed loci, likely due to the imposition of a genetic bottleneck and artificial selection. We conclude that, in some species, the use of minimal stratification practices in production may jeopardize the adaptive potential and long-term persistence of reintroduced populations and suggest that practitioners carefully consider the evolutionary implications of their production protocols. We highlight the need to consider the germination ecology of target species when selecting the length of dormancy-breaking pre-treatments.</span></p>
Diversity and host specificity of Borrelia burgdorferi's outer surface protein C (ospC) alleles in synanthropic mammals, with a notable ospC allele U absence from mixed infections
<p>Interactions among pathogen genotypes that vary in host specificity may affect overall transmission dynamics in multi-host systems. <em>Borrelia burgdorferi</em>, a bacterium that causes Lyme disease, is typically transmitted among wildlife by <em>Ixodes</em> ticks. Despite the existence of many alleles of <em>B. burgdorferi</em>'s <em>sensu stricto</em> outer surface protein C (<em>ospC</em>) gene, most human infections are caused by a small number of <em>ospC</em> alleles ["human infectious alleles" (HIAs)], suggesting variation in host specificity associated with <em>ospC</em>. To characterize the wildlife host association of <em>B. burgdorferi</em>'s <em>ospC</em> alleles, we used metagenomics to sequence <em>ospC</em> alleles from 68 infected individuals belonging to eight mammalian species trapped at three sites in suburban New Brunswick, New Jersey (USA). We found that multiple allele ("mixed") infections were common. HIAs were most common in mice (<em>Peromyscus</em> spp.) and only one HIA was detected at a site where mice were rarely captured. <em>OspC </em>allele U was exclusively found in chipmunks (<em>Tamias striatus</em>), and although a significant number of different alleles were observed in chipmunks, including HIAs, allele U never co-occurred with other alleles in mixed infections. Our results suggest that allele U may be excluding other alleles, thereby reducing the capacity of chipmunks to act as reservoirs for HIAs.</p>
Sex-specific associations of the maturation locus vgll3 with exploratory behaviour and boldness in Atlantic salmon juveniles
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
A root-specific NLR network confers resistance to plant parasitic nematodes - genomic sequences and annotations
<p>Sequence and annotation data associated with "A root-specific NLR network confers resistance to plant parasitic nematodes"</p>
Sequential maturation of stimulus-specific adaptation in the mouse lemniscal auditory system
<p>Stimulus-specific adaptation (SSA), the reduction of neural activity to a common stimulus that does not generalize to other, rare stimuli, is an essential property of our brain. Although well characterized in adults, it is still unknown how it develops during adolescence and what neuronal circuits are involved. Using in vivo electrophysiology and optogenetics in the lemniscal pathway of the mouse auditory system, we observed SSA to be stable from postnatal day 20 (P20) in the inferior colliculus, to develop until P30 in the auditory thalamus (MGV) and even later in the primary auditory cortex (A1). We found this maturation process to be experience-dependent in A1 but not in MGV, and to be related to alterations in deep but not input layers of A1. We also identified corticothalamic projections to be implicated in MGV SSA development. Together, our results reveal different circuits underlying the sequential SSA maturation and provide a unique perspective to understand predictive coding and surprise across sensory systems.</p>
Season-specific impacts of climate change on canopy-forming seaweed communities
<p><span>Understory assemblages associated with canopy-forming species such as trees, kelps, and rockweeds should respond strongly to climate stressors due to strong interaction strengths. Climate change can directly and indirectly modify these assemblages, particularly during more stressful seasons and climate scenarios. </span><span>However, fully understanding the seasonal impacts of different climate conditions on canopy-reliant assemblages is difficult due to a continued emphasis on studying single species responses to a single future climate scenario during a single season. To examine these more complex interactions, we used mesocosm experiments to expose intertidal assemblages associated with the canopy-forming golden rockweed, <em>Silvetia compressa</em>, to elevated temperature and pCO<sub>2 </sub>conditions reflecting two projected greenhouse emission scenarios [RCP 2.6 (low) & RCP 4.5 (moderate)]. Assemblages were grown in the presence and absence of <em>Silvetia</em>, and in two seasons. Relative to ambient conditions, predicted climate scenarios generally suppressed <em>Silvetia</em> biomass and photosynthetic efficiency. However, these effects varied seasonally - both future scenarios reduced <em>Silvetia</em> biomass in summer, but only the moderate scenario did so in winter. These reductions shifted the assemblage, with more extreme shifts occurring in summer. Contrarily, future scenarios did not shift assemblages within <em>Silvetia </em>Absent treatments, suggesting that climate primarily affected assemblages indirectly through changes in <em>Silvetia</em>. Mesocosm experiments were coupled with a field <em>Silvetia</em>-removal experiment to simulate the effects of climate-mediated <em>Silvetia</em> loss on natural assemblages. Consistent with the mesocosm experiment, <em>Silvetia</em> loss resulted in season-specific assemblage shifts, with weaker effects observed in winter. Together,</span><span> our study supports the hypotheses that climate-mediated changes to canopy-forming species can indirectly affect the associated assemblage, and that these effects vary seasonally. Such seasonality is important to consider as it may provide periods of recovery when conditions are less stressful, especially if we can reduce the severity of future climate scenarios. </span></p>
Data from: Combined fluorescent and electron microscopic imaging unveils the specific properties of two classes of meiotic crossovers
<p>Crossovers (COs) shuffle genetic information and allow balanced segregation of homologous chromosomes during the first division of meiosis. Recombination nodules (RNs) are closely correlated with crossing over, and, because they are observed by electron microscopy of synaptonemal complexes (SCs) in extended pachytene chromosomes, RNs provide the highest-resolution cytological marker currently available for defining the frequency and distribution of crossovers along the length of chromosomes. In several organisms, mutants demonstrate that two molecularly distinct pathways produce COs. One pathway produces class I COs that exhibit interference (lowered probability of nearby COs), and the other pathway produces class II COs with little or no interference. However, the relative contributions, genomic distributions, and interactions of these two pathways are essentially unknown in nonmutant organisms because marker segregation only indicates that a CO has occurred, not its class type. Here, we combine the efficiency of light microscopy for revealing cellular functions using a fluorescent probe to MLH1 proteins to mark class I COs with the high resolution of electron microscopy to localize and characterize all COs (RNs) in the same sample of meiotic pachytene chromosomes from wild-type tomato. To our knowledge, for the first time, every CO along each chromosome can be identified by class to unveil specific characteristics of each pathway. We find that class I (MLH1-positive) and class II (MLH1-negative) COs have different recombination profiles along chromosomes. In particular, class II COs, which represent about 18% of all COs, exhibit no interference and are disproportionately represented in pericentric heterochromatin, a feature potentially exploitable in plant breeding. Finally, our results demonstrate that the two pathways are not independent because there is interference between class I and II COs.</p>
Data from: Dissecting abstract, modality-specific and experience-dependent coding of affect in the human brain
<p>Emotion and perception are tightly intertwined, as affective experiences often arise from the appraisal of sensory information. Nonetheless, whether the brain encodes emotional instances using a sensory-specific code or in a more abstract manner is unclear. Here, we answer this question by measuring the association between emotion ratings collected during a unisensory or multisensory presentation of a full-length movie and brain activity recorded in typically-developed, congenitally blind and congenitally deaf participants. Emotional instances are encoded in a vast network encompassing sensory, prefrontal, and temporal cortices. Within this network, the ventromedial prefrontal cortex stores a categorical representation of emotion independent of modality and previous sensory experience, and the posterior superior temporal cortex maps the valence dimension using an abstract code. Sensory experience more than modality impacts how the brain organizes emotional information outside supramodal regions, suggesting the existence of a scaffold for the representation of emotional states where sensory inputs during development shape its functioning.</p>
Data for: Sensitive and specific detection of tumor-derived exosomes using nanopore-crystal microchips
<p>Tumor-derived exosomes (tExos) have emerged as promising circulating biomarkers for early cancer diagnosis. However, the sensitivity and specificity of existing assays often limit the clinical translation of tExos. In this study, we present a highly versatile microfluidic platform, termed the nanopore-crystal microchip (NC-Chip), for specific isolation and ultrasensitive detection of tExos in as little as 0.5 μL of plasma samples from pancreatic cancer (PC) patients. The NC-Chip incorporates a herringbone-patterned hierarchical porous hydrogel scaffold, enabling fluid manipulation, size exclusion, immunoaffinity capture, and signal amplification. These integrated features significantly enhance the sensitivity and specificity of tExos assays in complex clinical scenarios. Utilizing an eight-protein signature, the NC-Chip can distinguish patients with pancreatitis and non-metastatic PC with 100% accuracy in the training cohort and 94.9% accuracy in the validation cohort. This platform is sensitive, specific, inexpensive, and only needs small-volume samples, offering a powerful exosome-based liquid biopsy tool for early PC diagnosis.</p>
Data sets for Polyplax serrata article "Highly-resolved genomes of two closely related lineages of the rodent louse Polyplax serrata with different host specificities"
<p><strong>Supplementary data for Polyplax serrata article 2023</strong></p> <p>Data included in this repository were generated and used in various genomic and phylogenetic analysis presented by the publication "<strong>Highly-resolved genomes of two closely related lineages of the louse </strong><em><strong>Polyplax serrata</strong></em><strong> with different host specificities</strong>"</p> <p><strong>Description of the data and file structure</strong></p> <p>Data provided for each analyzed taxa include:</p> <p>- Annotation table.</p> <p>- fasta format files for transcripts (CDS and mRNA).</p> <p>- fasta format file for genome.</p> <p>- protein fasta file.</p> <p>- gbk format file that includes the genome with its corresponding annotations.</p> <p>Additionally,</p> <p>- repeat families in fasta format were included for <em>Polyplax serrata</em> S and N lineages.</p> <p>- rRNA in fasta format were included for <em>Polyplax serrata</em> S and N lineages, <em>Pediculus humanus, Columbicola columbae </em>and <em>Brueelia nebulsa</em>. </p> <p><strong>Sharing/Access information</strong></p> <p>GenBank accession number of analyzed taxa:</p> <p>· <em>Aedes Aegypti</em> (GenBank accession no. GCF_002204515.2).</p> <p>· <em>Brueelia nebulsa</em> ( GenBank accession no. GCA_028293925.1).</p> <p>· <em>Columbicola columbae</em> (GenBank accession no. GCA_016920875.1).</p> <p>· <em>Cimex lectularis</em> (GenBank accession no. GCF_000648675.2).</p> <p>· <em>Glossina morsitans</em> (GenBank accession no. GCA_001077435.1).</p> <p>· <em>Pediculus humanus</em> (GenBank accession no. GCA_000006295.1).</p> <p>· <em>Rhodnius prolixus</em> (GenBank accession no. GCA_000181055.3).</p> <p>· <em>Polyplax serrata S lineage</em> (GenBank accession no. JAWJWF000000000).</p> <p>· <em>Polyplax serrata N lineage</em> (GenBank accession no. JAWJWE000000000).</p> <p> </p> <p>Note: All the latter genomes except for the two genomes of <em>Polyplax serrata</em> S and N lineages, were acquired from GenBank database and were subjected to the same gene prediction and annotation workflow as <em>P. serrata</em> genomes to maintain methodological consistence in downstream analysis of the annotation results.</p> <p><strong>Software</strong></p> <p>- Gene prediction and annotation was performed using Funannotate v1.18.14 (<a href="https://github.com/nextgenusfs/funannotate">https://github.com/nextgenusfs/funannotate)</a>).</p> <p>- Repeat were identified in the genomes of P. serrata S and N lineages using RepeatModeler v2.0.3.</p>
Facultative symbiont virulence determines horizontal transmission rate without host specificity in Dictyostelium discoideum social amoebas
<p>In facultative symbioses, only a fraction of hosts are associated with symbionts. Specific host and symbiont pairings may be the result of host-symbiont coevolution driven by reciprocal selection, or priority effects pertaining to which potential symbiont became associated with a host first. Distinguishing between these possibilities is important for understanding the evolutionary forces that affect facultative symbioses. We used the social amoeba <em>Dictyostelium discoideum</em> and its symbiont <em>Paraburkholderia bonniea </em>to determine whether ongoing coevolution affects which host-symbiont strain pairs naturally co-occur within a facultative symbiosis. Relative to other <em>Paraburkholderia</em>,<em> </em>including another symbiont of <em>D. discoideum</em>, <em>P. bonniea</em> features a reduced genome size that indicates a significant history of coevolution with its host. We hypothesized that ongoing host-symbiont coevolution would lead to higher fitness for naturally co-occurring (native) host and symbiont pairings compared to novel pairings. We show for the first time that <em>P. bonniea</em> symbionts can horizontally transmit to new amoeba hosts when hosts aggregate together during the social stage of their life cycle. Here we find evidence for a virulence-transmission trade-off without host specificity. Although symbiont strains were significantly variable in virulence and horizontal transmission rate, hosts and symbionts responded similarly to associations in native and novel pairings. We go on to identify candidate virulence factors in the genomes of <em>P. bonniea </em>strains that may contribute to variation in virulence. We conclude that ongoing coevolution is unlikely for <em>D. discoideum </em>and <em>P. bonniea. </em>The system instead appears to represent a stable facultative symbiosis in which naturally co-occurring <em>P. bonniea </em>host and symbiont pairings are the result of priority effects.</p>
Template-specific optimization of NGS genotyping pipelines reveals allele-specific variation in MHC gene expression
<p>Using high-throughput sequencing for precise genotyping of multi-locus gene families, such as the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC), remains challenging, due to the complexity of the data and difficulties in distinguishing genuine from erroneous variants. Several dedicated genotyping pipelines for data from high-throughput sequencing, such as next-generation sequencing (NGS), have been developed to tackle the ensuing risk of artificially inflated diversity. Here, we thoroughly assess three such multi-locus genotyping pipelines for NGS data, the DOC method, AmpliSAS and ACACIA, using MHC class IIβ datasets of three-spined stickleback gDNA, cDNA, and "artificial" plasmid samples with known allelic diversity. We show that genotyping of gDNA and plasmid samples at optimal pipeline parameters was highly accurate and reproducible across methods. However, for cDNA data, gDNA-optimal parameter configuration yielded decreased overall genotyping precision and consistency between pipelines. Further adjustments of key clustering parameters were required tο account for higher error rates and larger variation in sequencing depth per allele, highlighting the importance of template-specific pipeline optimization for reliable genotyping of multi-locus gene families. Through accurate paired gDNA-cDNA typing and MHC-II haplotype inference, we show that MHC-II allele-specific expression levels correlate negatively with allele number across haplotypes. Lastly, sibship-assisted cDNA-typing of MHC-I revealed novel variants linked in haplotype blocks and a higher-than-previously-reported individual MHC-I allelic diversity. In conclusion, we provide novel genotyping protocols for the three-spined stickleback MHC-I and -II genes and evaluate the performance of popular NGS-genotyping pipelines. We also show that fine-tuned genotyping of paired gDNA-cDNA samples facilitates amplification bias-corrected MHC allele expression analysis.</p>
Building part specific material inventory dataset for residential buildings in Finland
<p>This dataset contains material volumes (m<sup>3</sup>), material masses (kg), and material intensities (kg/m<sup>2</sup>) for representative buildings from 51 residential building cohorts in Finland. These data are presented per material and in total, aggregated on three hierarchical levels on the correspondingly named sheets in the OpenDocument Spreadsheet (ODS) file: the entire building (<em>data_building</em>), distinguished between vertical building levels (<em>data_building_level</em>), and distinguished between building parts (<em>data_building part</em>). Further details on the data are provided on the <em>description</em> sheet in the same file.</p> <p>The cohorts are based on building type, main bearing material, main façade material, and construction decade. Each cohort is represented by one inventoried building, covering the combinations in the tables below. All buildings are located in the city of Vantaa, Finland, with the exception of the 1940s and 1950s houses, which are based on type-planned houses and thus have no specific location.</p> <p><strong>One dwelling house cohorts included in the dataset</strong></p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <th>Bearing material, Facade material</th> <th>1940s</th> <th>1950s</th> <th>1960s</th> <th>1970s</th> <th>1980s</th> <th>1990s</th> <th>2000s</th> <th>2010s</th> </tr> <tr> <td>Wood, Wood</td> <td>D</td> <td>D</td> <td>D</td> <td>T</td> <td>D</td> <td>D</td> <td>D</td> <td>D</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Wood, Brick</td> <td> </td> <td>T</td> <td>T</td> <td>D</td> <td>T</td> <td>T</td> <td>T</td> <td>T</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Brick, Brick</td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>D</td> <td>D</td> <td>D*</td> <td>D</td> <td>D</td> <td>D</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Concrete, Concrete</td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>D</td> <td>T</td> <td>D</td> <td>D</td> <td>D</td> <td>D</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Concrete, Brick</td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>T</td> <td>D</td> <td>T</td> <td>T</td> <td>T</td> <td>T</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Concrete, Wood</td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>T</td> <td>T</td> <td>T</td> <td>T</td> <td>T</td> <td>T</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p><strong>Block of flats cohorts included in the dataset</strong></p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <th>Bearing material, Facade material</th> <th>1940s</th> <th>1950s</th> <th>1960s</th> <th>1970s</th> <th>1980s</th> <th>1990s</th> <th>2000s</th> <th>2010s</th> </tr> </tbody> <tbody> <tr> <td>Concrete, Concrete</td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>D</td> <td>D</td> <td>D</td> <td>D</td> <td>D</td> <td>D</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Concrete, Brick</td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>T</td> <td>T</td> <td>T</td> <td>T</td> <td>T</td> <td>T</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p><em>D = Direct record based on construction documents.<br>T = Theoretical variant with alternative façade material based on typical contemporary construction practice. All properties except the cladding and any related materials (e.g. battens) are identical with the corresponding direct record (the record for the same decade with the directly recorded bearing material).<br>* Geometry determined based on construction documents from 1979 due to lack of suitably sized cases dated in the 1980s. Insulation thicknesses adjusted to match the represented decade’s building code.</em></p> <p>The data are primarily based on digitized construction documents obtained from the Vantaa building inspection authority’s archives through the purchase portal <em>Lupapiste Kauppa</em> (<a href="https://kauppa.lupapiste.fi/">https://kauppa.lupapiste.fi/</a>). The 1940s and 1950s type-planned houses’ drawings are from the National Archives of Finland (<a href="https://astia.narc.fi/">https://astia.narc.fi/</a>).</p> <p>Version notes since 1.0.0: <br>1.0.2: Added wood facade variants to all one dwelling houses which have concrete as the bearing material.<br>1.0.1: Changes to the terminology and some minor spelling corrections. The building data remain identical, as do their locations on the sheets.</p>
Supplementary information: Specific versus Nonspecific Solvent Interactions of a Biomolecule in Water [Dataset]
<p><strong>Data availability</strong><strong> to the manuscript </strong><em>"</em>Specific versus Nonspecific Solvent Interactions of a Biomolecule in Water<em>"</em> by <strong>Lanhai He, Lukáš Tomaník, Sebastian Malerz, Florian Trinter, Sebastian Trippel, Michal Belina, Petr Slavíček, Bernd Winter, and Jochen Küpper</strong>, pubulished at<em> JPCL </em></p> <p>The dataset contains the complete x-ray photoelectron-emission spectra of indole<sub>aq</sub> in a liquid microjet. The uploaded files include:</p> <ul> <li>Valence band PES data (<a href="../api/files/eec96d6e-1972-463a-bc54-ee320bb2280e/May02_0053VB.ibw">May02_0053VB.ibw</a>, <a href="../api/files/eec96d6e-1972-463a-bc54-ee320bb2280e/May02_0058VB_background.ibw">May02_0058VB_background.ibw</a>),</li> <li>core level PES data (<a href="../api/files/eec96d6e-1972-463a-bc54-ee320bb2280e/May02_0045C1s.ibw">May02_0045C1s.ibw</a>, <a href="../api/files/eec96d6e-1972-463a-bc54-ee320bb2280e/May02_0049N1s.ibw">May02_0049N1s.ibw</a>),</li> <li>Auger PES pectra (<a href="../api/files/eec96d6e-1972-463a-bc54-ee320bb2280e/May02_0052CAuger.ibw">May02_0052CAuger.ibw</a>, <a href="../api/files/eec96d6e-1972-463a-bc54-ee320bb2280e/May02_0057CAuger.ibw">May02_0057CAuger.ibw</a>, <a href="../api/files/eec96d6e-1972-463a-bc54-ee320bb2280e/May02_0056NAuger.ibw">May02_0056NAuger.ibw</a>)</li> <li>rough-scanned full spectra (<a href="../api/files/eec96d6e-1972-463a-bc54-ee320bb2280e/May02_0046Full.ibw">May02_0046Full.ibw</a>, <a href="../api/files/eec96d6e-1972-463a-bc54-ee320bb2280e/May02_0047Full.ibw">May02_0047Full.ibw</a>).</li> </ul> <p>In addition, a python script (Read_ibw_file.py) has been uploaded, which can be used to read raw PES data files in .ibw format and export the intergraded PES data as a .txt file.</p>
LsRTDv1: A reference transcript dataset for accurate transcript-specific expression analysis in lettuce
<p>Accurate quantification of gene and transcript-specific expression, with the underlying knowledge of precise transcript isoforms, is crucial to understanding many biological processes. Analysis of RNA sequencing data has benefited from the development of alignment-free algorithms which enhance the precision and speed of expression analysis. However, such algorithms require a reference transcriptome. Here we present a reference transcript dataset (LsRTDv1) for lettuce, combining long- and short-read sequencing with publicly available transcriptome annotations, and filtering to keep only transcripts with high-confidence splice junctions and transcriptional start and end sites. LsRTDv1 is a valuable resource for the investigation of transcriptional and alternative splicing regulation in lettuce.</p>
Roll-to-roll, high-resolution 3D printing of shape-specific particles
<p>Particle fabrication has attracted recent attention due to its diverse applications in bioengineering, drug and vaccine delivery, microfluidics, granular systems, self-assembly, microelectronics, and abrasives. Herein we introduce a scalable, high-resolution, 3D printing technique for the fabrication of shape-specific particles based on roll-to-roll continuous liquid interface production (r2rCLIP). We demonstrate r2rCLIP using single-digit, micron-resolution optics in combination with a continuous roll of film (in lieu of a static platform), enabling the rapidly permutable fabrication and harvesting of shape-specific particles from a variety of materials and complex geometries, including geometries not possible to achieve with advanced mould-based techniques. We demonstrate r2rCLIP production of mouldable and non-mouldable shapes with voxel sizes as small as 2.0 × 2.0 μm<sup>2</sup> in the print plane and 1.1 ± 0.3 μm unsupported thickness, at speeds of up to 1,000,000 particles per day. Such microscopic particles with permutable, intricate designs enable direct integration within biomedical, analytical and advanced materials applications.</p>
Data from: cultural attraction in pottery practice: group-specific shape transformations by potters from three communities
<p>Pottery is a quintessential indicator of human cultural dynamics. Cultural alignment of behavioral repertoires and artifacts has been considered to rest upon two distinct dynamics: selective transmission of information and culture-specific biased transformation. In a cross-cultural field experiment, we tested whether community-specific morphological features of ceramic vessels would arise when the same unfamiliar shapes were reproduced by professional potters from three different communities who threw vessels using wheels. We analyzed the details of the underlying morphogenesis development of vessels in wheel throwing. When expert potters from three different communities of practice were instructed to faithfully reproduce common unfamiliar model shapes that were not parts of the daily repertoires, the morphometric variation in the final shape was not random; rather, different potters produced vessels with more morphometric variation among than within communities, indicating the presence of community-specific deviations of morphological features of vessels. Furthermore, this was found both in the final shape and in the underlying process of morphogenesis; there was more variation in the morphogenetic path among than within communities. These results suggest that the morphological features of ceramic vessels produced by potters reliably and nonrandomly diverge among different communities.</p>
An activity-specificity trade-off encoded in human transcription factors
<p>Data repository for the publication <strong>"An activity-specificity trade-off encoded in human transcription factors"</strong>. </p> <p>Imaging datasets with larger sizes can be downloaded here: https://owww.molgen.mpg.de/~TFsuboptimization/</p>
Cell-type-specific mRNA transcription and degradation kinetics in zebrafish embryogenesis from metabolically labeled scRNAseq
<p><span>During embryonic development, pluripotent cells assume specialized identities by adopting particular gene expression profiles. However, systematically dissecting the relative contributions of mRNA transcription and degradation to shaping those profiles remains challenging, especially within embryos with diverse cellular identities.<span> Here, we </span>combine<span> </span>single-cell RNA-Seq and metabolic labeling to capture temporal cellular transcriptomes of zebrafish embryos where newly-transcribed (zygotic) and pre-existing (maternal) mRNA can be distinguished. We then introduce kinetic models to quantify mRNA transcription and degradation rates within individual cell types during their specification. These models reveal highly varied regulatory rates across thousands of genes, coordinated transcription and destruction rates for many transcripts, and link differences in degradation to specific sequence elements. They also identify cell-type-specific differences in degradation, namely selective retention of maternal transcripts within primordial germ cells and enveloping layer cells, two of the earliest specified cell-types. Our study provides a quantitative approach to study mRNA regulation during</span> a dynamic spatio-temporal response<span>.</span></p> <p> </p> <p>This repository contains the raw microscopy data that is analyzed in Figures 6F-I and Supplementary Figure S4 B-D.</p>
ESAT-6 undergoes self-association at phagosomal pH and an ESAT-6 specific nanobody restricts M. tuberculosis growth in macrophages
<p><em>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</em> (Mtb) is known to survive within macrophages by compromising the integrity of the phagosomal compartment in which it resides. This activity primarily relies on the ESX-1 secretion system, predominantly involving the protein duo ESAT-6 and CFP-10. CFP-10 likely acts as a chaperone, while ESAT-6 likely disrupts phagosomal membrane stability via a largely unknown mechanism. we employ a series of biochemical analyses, protein modeling techniques, and a novel ESAT-6-specific nanobody to gain insight into the ESAT-6’s mode of action. First, we measure the binding kinetics of the tight 1:1 complex formed by ESAT-6 and CFP-10 at neutral pH. Subsequently, we demonstrate a rapid self-association of ESAT-6 into large complexes under acidic conditions, leading to the identification of a stable tetrameric ESAT-6 species. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we pinpoint the most probable interaction interface. Furthermore, we show that cytoplasmic expression of an anti-ESAT-6 nanobody blocks Mtb replication, thereby underlining the pivotal role of ESAT-6 in intracellular survival. Together, these data suggest that ESAT-6 acts by a pH dependent mechanism to establish two-way communication between the cytoplasm and the Mtb-containing phagosome.</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.