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373 results for “Asymmetry”
Within-population sperm competition intensity does not predict asymmetry in conpopulation sperm precedence
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Data for: Assortative mating in an ecological context: Effects of mate choice errors and relative species abundance on the frequency and asymmetry of hybridization
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Data from: Asymmetry in cross-sex cross-trait genetic covariances and the evolvability of sexual dimorphism
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Data for "A possible explanation of interhemispheric asymmetry of Equatorial Plasma Bubbles in airglow images"
<p>This is the data used in the paper "A possible explanation of interhemispheric asymmetry of Equatorial Plasma Bubbles in airglow images" by Hickey et al. (2020). Ionograms from Hyderabad and Tirunelveli are provided as PDFs. 7 MHz reflection heights from both ionosondes are provide in tab delimeted text file. A raw all-sky image is provided as a .tif file. Unwrapped all-sky images are provided as .tif files at 250, 275, and 300 km emission altitudes. The raw and unwrapped data for these images are provide in .dat files.</p>
Koniak Cwalina Forbid allow asymmetry in persuasion Study 1-3 data
<p>Data sheet file for the paper: <em>Forbid/allow asymmetry in persuasion: The forbid frame decreases biased elaboration and increases attitude change</em></p> <p><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Three experiments were conducted to test how asking about forbidding vs. allowing of the attitude object affects attitude changes, cognitive responses, and the assessment of arguments about GMOs, euthanasia, and barbecuing in public places. Attitudes toward forbidding an object are more susceptible to change than attitudes toward allowing the same object (Experiments 2 and 3). Furthermore, the forbid frame reduces bias in the assessment of the presented arguments (Experiment 1), and may cause a person to be less sensitive to the quality of the presented arguments (Experiment 2). Moreover, the forbid frame leads to generating less biased cognitive responses than the allow frame, and the higher susceptibility to change of attitudes toward forbidding an object than allowing it is based on this decreased bias of the participants’ cognitive responses (Experiment 3). The results indicate the existence of a new effect – forbid vs. allow asymmetry in persuasion.</p>
Fluctuating asymmetry in Onthophagus brendelli (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)
<b>Description: </b><p>Contains bilateral trait measurements for Onthophagus brendelli (Scarabaeidae) collected from historical sites of selective logging and old growth forest. Fluctuating asymmetry is measured as the signed difference between the right and left sides of a bilaterally symmetrical feature, such as antennae or legs.</p><p><b>Project: </b>This dataset was collected as part of the following SAFE research project: <a href="https://www.safeproject.net/projects/project_view/128"><b>Tracking insect community responses to experimental habitat fragmentation</b></a></p><p><b>XML metadata: </b>GEMINI compliant metadata for this dataset is available <a href="https://www.safeproject.net/datasets/xml_metadata?id=3975205">here</a></p><p><b>Files: </b>This consists of 1 file: SAFE_data-upload_ktaylor.xlsx</p><p><b>SAFE_data-upload_ktaylor.xlsx</b></p><p>This file contains dataset metadata and 1 data tables:</p><ol><li><p><b>Bilateral trait data</b> (described in worksheet Traits)</p><p>Description: Data frame of trait measurements</p><p>Number of fields: 10</p><p>Number of data rows: 2214</p><p>Fields: </p><ul><li><b>date</b>: date measurements were collected from specimens (Field type: date)</li><li><b>block</b>: forest block where beetles caught (Field type: replicate)</li><li><b>trap_N</b>: trap number where beetles caught (Field type: location)</li><li><b>id</b>: beetle ID number, as recorded on specimens and in other brendelli data (Field type: id)</li><li><b>rep</b>: repeated measurement of the same beetle (Field type: replicate)</li><li><b>sex</b>: best guess of individual sex based on protibia morphology (Ochi, Kon & Barclay, 2009) (Field type: categorical trait)</li><li><b>trait</b>: trait measured (Field type: categorical)</li><li><b>left</b>: measurement of left trait length (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>right</b>: measurement of right trait length (Field type: numeric trait)</li><li><b>fa</b>: signed difference of right length - left length (Field type: numeric trait)</li></ul></li></ol><p><b>Date range: </b>2017-07-10 to 2017-09-05</p><p><b>Latitudinal extent: </b>4.6693 to 4.7714</p><p><b>Longitudinal extent: </b>116.9474 to 117.7031</p><p><b>Taxonomic coverage: </b><br> All taxon names are validated against the GBIF backbone taxonomy. If a dataset uses a synonym, the accepted usage is shown followed by the dataset usage in brackets. Taxa that cannot be validated, including new species and other unknown taxa, morphospecies, functional groups and taxonomic levels not used in the GBIF backbone are shown in square brackets.</p><div> -  Animalia <br> -  -  Arthropoda <br> -  -  -  Insecta <br> -  -  -  -  Coleoptera <br> -  -  -  -  -  Scarabaeidae <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Onthophagus</i> <br> -  -  -  -  -  -  -  <i>Onthophagus brendelli</i> <br></div><p></p>
Data from: Asymmetries affecting aggressive contests between solitary parasitoids: the effect of host species
<p>Conflicts in animals are usually resolved based on asymmetries, where contest winners are often those that value a resource the most and/or those who have the greatest potential to retain it. In parasitoid wasps, contests between females determine which individual exploits hosts for offspring production. Previous studies on solitary parasitoids rarely considered the role of biotic factors generating phenotypic variation that could influence the strength of asymmetries. Some parasitoid species parasitize host species of various sizes, producing offspring that vary considerably in size and potentially fighting ability. In this study, we reared the egg endoparasitoid Telenomus podisi (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) on two host species to measure the effect of body size on contest resolution and how it interacts with ownership and resource value asymmetries. Our results showed that ownership status best predicts final contest outcome when similar sized wasps fight over hosts. The frequency and outcomes of individual fights structuring contests were better explained by the difference in the number of eggs laid in the hosts by each female at a given time. When contestants varied in body size, larger intruders frequently dislodged small owners regardless of ownership and resource value asymmetries. These results imply that body size is an important factor to consider in solitary parasitoid contests and that it can overshadow the effects of other asymmetries. Our study suggests that host community diversity could have a direct effect on parasitoid contests and that biotic communities, through their effects on animal phenotypes, may play an underrated role in contest resolution.</p>
Data from: Disproportionate extinction of South American mammals drove the asymmetry of the Great American Biotic Interchange
<p>Annotated R codes and datasets used in: Carrillo et al. 2020. Disproportionate extinction of South American mammals drove the asymmetry of the Great American Biotic Interchange. <em>Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.</em></p>
Patterns of bilateral asymmetry and allometry in Late Devonian Polygnathus conodonts
<p>Conodont animals were jawless vertebrates equipped with a feeding apparatus composed of several tooth-like elements. The P1 elements, at the rear of the apparatus, are well preserved and abundant in the sediments, and their temporal evolution constitutes a tracer of ecological interactions and/or abiotic changes in the water column. However, occlusion occurred in these animals between paired right and left elements, occasioning bilateral asymmetry, which, together with allometric growth, may obliterate the temporal differences. This study aimed at disentangling these different components of morphological variation in Late Devonian <em>Polygnathus</em> P1 elements. An extensive 2D geometric morphometric analysis of the platform shape was performed and completed by a 3D study on a subset of elements. The 2D and 3D morphometric quantifications provided highly congruent results, showing that the 2D shape provides a good approximation of the element geometry. The 3D analysis, however, provides a more complete description of the geometrical changes involved in growth and bilateral asymmetry, providing insights on the constraints related to occlusion. In complement, the 2D analysis allowed a quantitative assessment of the variation between and within species, showing that allometry and bilateral asymmetry were differently expressed depending on the species considered. This suggests that constraints imposed on pairing by the morphology of the elements, and the pattern of bilateral asymmetry, varied even among related species. The within-species variation was so important that it obliterated temporal trends; a relationship of Polygnathus shape and conodont biofacies variations through the Famennian suggested an evolution driven by ecological interactions between conodonts.</p>
Global Climatic, Biotic, and Topographic Asymmetries
<p>Calculated asymmetries in topography and environmental variables over the entire Earth, 0.25 dd spatial resolution. Associated with the paper:</p> <p><em><strong>Smith, T., & Bookhagen, B. (2020). Climatic and biotic controls on topographic asymmetry at the global scale. Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, 126, e2020JF005692. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JF005692</strong></em></p> <p>Individual file descriptions:</p> <p>1. DrainageArea_Key -- Metadata for the files DrainageAsymmetries*.csv</p> <p>2. DrainageAsymmetries_0.01_1_Hill.csv -- Drainage area statistics for only hillslopes (0.01 to 1 sq km drainage area threshold)</p> <p>3. DrainageAsymmetries_0.1_100_Fluvial.csv -- Drainage area statistics for only fluvial network (0.1 to 100 sq km drainage area threshold)</p> <p>4. Topography_Key.csv -- Metadata for the files TopoClimateAsymmetries.csv and Insolation_Asymmetries_1hr_pvlib.csv</p> <p>5. TopoClimateAsymmetries.csv -- Environmental, Climatic, and Topographic variables calculated over the entire Earth</p> <p>6. Insolation_Asymmetries_1hr_pvlib.csv - Results of a received insolation simulation using PVLIB (Holmgren et al., 2018) for inclined surfaces based on our average topography over the globe</p> <p>7. Gridding_Command.txt -- A short Python script illustrating how to convert the CSV files into gridded TIF files for further visualization</p> <p>8. TA/VCF _ NvS/EvW - North-south and east-west asymmetries in topographic asymmetry (TA) and vegetation cover (VCF), provided as TIF files for convenience</p>
Niche partitioning among three snail-eating snakes revealed by dentition asymmetry and prey specialisation
<p>1. The level of dentition asymmetry in snail-eating snakes may reflect their prey choice and feeding efficiency on asymmetric land snails. The three species of Pareas snakes (Squamata: Pareidae) in Taiwan, which are partially sympatric distribution on the island, provide a potential case to test the hypothesis of niche partitioning and character displacement with regard to dentition asymmetry and specialisation in feeding behaviour.</p> <p>2. In this study, behavioural experiments confirmed that P. formosensis feeds exclusively on slugs, whereas P. atayal and P. komaii consumed both. However, P. atayal more efficiently preys on land snails than P. komaii, exhibiting a shorter handling time and fewer mandibular retractions.</p> <p>3. Micro-CT and ancestral character reconstruction demonstrated the lowest asymmetry in P. formosensis (the slug specialist), the highest dentition asymmetry in P. atayal (the land snail specialist), and flexibility in P. komaii (the niche switcher): increased dentition asymmetry when sympatrically distributed with the slug eater (character displacement), and decreased asymmetry when living alone (ecological niche release).</p> <p>4. Ecological niche modelling showed that the distribution P. formosensis is associated with the presence of slugs, while that of P. atayal could be explained by the land snails.<br> Combining the results from morphology, phylogeny, behavioural experiments and ecological niche modelling, we showed that competition in the sympatric region might have facilitated character displacement among congeners, while absence of competition in allopatric region has led to ecological niche release.</p>
Data from: Digit ratio and length asymmetry in calves' limbs
<p>This study considered possible sexual dimorphism in the relative lengths of the second, third and fourth digits (digit ratio), in calves. Furthermore, a different length of the bone structures of the third (3D) and of the fourth (4D) digits has been examined as an evolutionary adaptation to locomotion on soft ground. The length of the digital bones of the right fore-limb of 33 females and 15 male calves was measured in vivo using a portable X-ray machine. The vestigial structure of the second digit (2D), and 3D and 4D, from metacarpus to the third phalanx were considered in a mixed model, as well as some ratios between 2D and different parts of 3D or 4D (2D:3D and 2D:4D). A covariate for the mean finger length was considered for digit ratios to control for possible biases due to shape allometry. Shorter first phalanx and trotter were found in 3D than in 4D, and the reverse for the third phalanx. The 2D was significantly shorter in females, as well as the second phalanges of 3D and 4D. Significant sex differences in 2D:3D and 2D:4D were found for some digit parts of 3D and 4D and for the first phalanges of 3D:4D. These ratios were always shorter in females, in contrast to that found in most mammals. The asymmetry between 3D and 4D could mean a functional adaptation for locomotion. Sex differences in 2D:4D and 3D:4D were found, but with a reverse pattern than in most mammal species (males > females rather than males < females). In this regard digit ratio in calves was similar to that of Old World monkeys. This study is the first investigation of digit ratio in Ungulates, whose limbs differ from the limbs of most Mammals, maintaining five digits. The reverse pattern of sex differences (digit ratios: males > females) could be due to the peculiar nature of the vestigial dewclaw of 2D and to the hormone patterns acting on this digit during development, but further research is required around this topic.</p>
Dataset for "Galileo observation of electron spectra dawn-dusk asymmetry in the middle Jovian magnetosphere: Evidence for convection electric field"
<p>This dataset contains the numerical values used to generate the figures in the main article and supporting information.</p>
Data supplementing the article: Schultz, N.M., Lawrence P.J, Lee X., Global satellite data highlights the diurnal asymmetry of the surface temperature response to deforestation. Journal of Geophysical Research - Biogeosciences
<p>These data supplement the article: Schultz, N.M., Lawrence P.J, Lee X. Global satellite data highlights the diurnal asymmetry of the surface temperature response to deforestation, under review at the Journal of Geophysical Research - Biogeosciences.</p> <p>contact: Natalie M. Schultz, natalie.schultz@yale.edu</p> <p>Below are descriptions of the data files included here:</p> <p><br> (1) Global LST data: globalLST_Forest_Open.YYYY.nc [2003-2013]</p> <p>- DayLST1/NightLST1 and DayLST2/NightLST2 are the final (after the DEM correction) LST values for forest, and open land cover classes, respectively.<br> - Count variables show the number of pixels of each land cover class in each 0.5 degree grid<br> - The average elevation of each class is given by the DEM1 and DEM2 vars<br> - The DEM correction is the dLSTdDEM vars</p> <p>(2) Global fluxes data: globalFluxes_Forest_Open.YYYY.nc [2003-2013]<br> - Again, forest class = var1, open class = var2<br> - SWRABS is absorbed solar radiation<br> - LE is the latent heat flux<br> - HP is the heating potential term, as defined in the manuscript<br> - As described for the LST data, class pixel counts and DEM data are included</p> <p>(3) climzones3.nc<br> - The delineation of the three climate zones defined in this paper</p> <p>(4) MERRA inversion data: MERRA_11yr_TS_T10M.mat [2003-2013]<br> - 11 years of daily 1am local data averaged over 8-day intervals for 2003-2013<br> - TS = surface temperature<br> - T10M = 10M air temperature (above d)</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Data for "Electron–Hole Asymmetry of Quantum Collective Excitations in High-Tc Copper Oxides"
<p>This data set contains raw simulation data for M. Fidrysiak, "Electron-Hole Asymmetry of Quantum Collective Excitations in High-Tc Copper Oxides", Acta Phys. Polon. A 143, 180 (2023); doi: https://doi.org/10.12693/APhysPolA.143.180. </p>
The data for The Simulation of the Equinox Asymmetry of Ionospheric Electrodynamics at East-Asian Sector
<p>The data is used to describe the figure in the paper "The Simulation of the Equinox Asymmetry of Ionospheric Electrodynamics at East-Asian Sector"</p>
Leaf fluctuating asymmetry is not a reliable indicator of stress
<p>Stress experienced during development in organisms with bilateral structures could result in developmental instability, which is expressed as subtle non-directional deviations from perfect symmetry, known as fluctuating asymmetry (FA). As such, FA has been proposed, and extensively used, as a trait indicating stress for many organisms with bilateral structures and many types of stress. However, while this concept may apply to animals, the evidence for plants' main vegetative structures, i.e., leaves, remains equivocal, and a comprehensive synthesis on this topic is still missing.</p> <p>We designed observational field and controlled greenhouse studies, combining different growth and leaf forms across multiple stress gradients, comprising 21 species and 80 populations. We measured FA as the difference between the left and right area of the leaf, an approach that accommodates diverse leaf forms. We used high-precision, blind, single-person measurements and tested for other forms of symmetry and the effect of leaf size. We further complemented our study with a systematic literature review of FA in plant leaves, compiling 51 studies comprising 72 species, 23 stress types, and 131 unique entries (species × stress type). </p> <p>We consistently found no effect of stress on leaf FA in any of the studied species in both our field and experimental gradients. In the systematic literature review, only 39% of the unique entries showed the expected increase in FA with stress, 53% showed no effect, 9% showed an opposite trend of a decrease in FA with stress, and 1% showed an unimodal relationship. Importantly, only 40% of all entries fulfilled the crucial step of controlling for a high-precision measurement, and of these 49% reported the expected increase of FA with stress. </p> <p>Both the results of our observational and experimental approaches and the systematic literature review failed to support a clear relationship between stress and FA in plant leaves. These results clearly show that FA in plant leaves cannot be used as a reliable trait indicating stress during development.</p>
Relative Contributions of Field-Aligned Currents and Particle Precipitation to the Inter-Hemispheric Asymmetry at High Latitudes During 2015 St. Patrick Day Storm
<p>Data for Space Weather paper "Relative Contributions of Field-Aligned Currents and Particle Precipitation to the Inter-Hemispheric Asymmetry at High Latitudes During 2015 St. Patrick Day Storm". </p>
Recent changes in hemispheric asymmetry of stratospheric water vapor
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Supplementary data to "Geometric morphometrics of bilateral asymmetry in Eunotia bilunaris (Eunotiales, Bacillariophyceae) as a tool for the quantitative assessment of teratogenic deviations in frustule shapes"
<p>The supplementary data consist of the files "data.txt" and "R_script.odt" including the landmark coordinates and the R script used for the analyses described in the paper submitted to Symmetry.</p> <p> </p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.