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354 results for “Budget”
Fig. 1 in Activity budget, travel distance, sleeping time, height of activity and travel order of wild East Bornean Grey gibbons (Hylobates funereus) in Danum Valley Conservation Area
Fig. 1. Location of the Borneo Rainforest Lodge (BRL) in the Danum Valley Conservation Area (DVCA; arrow), Sabah, Malaysia.
Fig. 5 in Activity budget, travel distance, sleeping time, height of activity and travel order of wild East Bornean Grey gibbons (Hylobates funereus) in Danum Valley Conservation Area
Fig. 5. Average daily travel distance and average sleeping time of the SAPA male for August (dry season) and December (wet season) from 2003 to 2008. Travel distance was counted for 38 days in August and for 35 days in December. Sleeping time was counted for 39 days in August and for 37 days in December. Solid line: travel distance. Dotted line: sleeping time.
Fig. 4 in Activity budget, travel distance, sleeping time, height of activity and travel order of wild East Bornean Grey gibbons (Hylobates funereus) in Danum Valley Conservation Area
Fig. 4. Activity budget of the JACUZZI male and the JACUZZI female in both wet season (December) and dry season (May–June) from 2011 to 2013.
Fig. 8 in Activity budget, travel distance, sleeping time, height of activity and travel order of wild East Bornean Grey gibbons (Hylobates funereus) in Danum Valley Conservation Area
Fig. 8. Heights of diurnal activity of three gibbons (two males and one female) from 0530–1600 hours.
Datasets of groundwater level and surface water budget in a central Mediterranean site (June 21, 2017 - October 1, 2022)
<p>The datasets contain data of groundwater levels and surface water budget measured in the Salento University Campus ‘Ecotekne’, in Lecce province, Italy (40°20’ N, 18°06’ E) between June 2017 and October 2022. The groundwater data are obtained from two historic wells (FW and BW) hand dug in the Miocene karst Aquifer of Central-Eastern Salento. They are close (few hundreds of meters) to the micrometeorological station of the CNR-ISAC (National Research Council Institute for Atmospheric Science and Climate), that provided the surface water budget data. </p> <p> </p>
Benchmark Instances for Robust Combinatorial Optimization with Budgeted Uncertainty
<p>We provide test instances for robust combinatorial optimization with budget uncertainty in the objective function.<br> The set contains nominal problems from the MIPLIB 2017 that have been converted into robust problems and instances of the robust knapsack problem. Both problem sets have been described and used for benchmarking in the paper "A Branch & Bound Algorithm for Robust Binary Optimization with Budget Uncertainty", published in Mathematical Programming Computation by Christina Büsing, Timo Gersing and Arie Koster.<br> Furthermore, we provide instances for robust weighted matching on bipartite graphs and robust weighted independent set. The latter are based on graphs for the clique problem of the second DIMACS implementation challenge (1993). Both problem sets have been described and used for benchmarking in the paper "Recycling Inequalities for Robust Combinatorial Optimization with Budget Uncertainty", presented at IPCO 2023 by the same authors.</p> <p> </p> <p>Paper "A Branch & Bound Algorithm for Robust Binary Optimization with Budget Uncertainty": <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12532-022-00232-2"> https://doi.org/10.1007/s12532-022-00232-2</a><br> Paper "Recycling Inequalities for Robust Combinatorial Optimization with Budget Uncertainty": <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-32726-1_5">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-32726-1_5</a><br> For algorithms solving these problems see: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7463371">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7463371</a></p>
Data from: A global reference database in FAOSTAT of cropland nutrient budgets and nutrient use efficiency: nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, 1961–2020
<p class="MsoNormal">Agricultural nutrient budgets help to identify an excess or an insufficiency in use of fertilizers and other nutrient sources. Nutrient budgets allow for indicators such as the nutrient balance (surplus or deficit) and nutrient use efficiency to be estimated. This can help in the monitoring of agricultural productivity and sustainability globally. The present dataset is a global database of country-level budget estimates for nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) in cropland. The database is disseminated in FAOSTAT and provides a global reference, synthesizing and continuously updating the state-of-the-art on this topic. The database covers the period 961 to 2020 for 205 countries and territories, as well as regional and global aggregates. Results indicate the wide range in nutrient use and use efficiencies across regions, nutrients, and time. This dataset introduces improvements over previous work in relation to key nutrient coefficients affecting nutrient budgets and use efficiency estimates. This is especially for nutrient removal in crop products, manure nutrient content, atmospheric deposition and crop biological N fixation rates. </p>
Data for: Coupling dynamic energy budget and population dynamic models to inform stock enhancement in fisheries management
<p><span>Extensive applications of fishery stock enhancement worldwide bring up broad concerns about its negative effects, creating a pivotal need for science-based assessment and planning of enhancement strategies. However, the lack of mechanistic understanding of enhanced population dynamics, particularly the density-dependent processes, leads to compromise in model development and limits the capacity in predicting enhancement effects. Here, we developed an individual-based model based on dynamic energy budget theory and full life history processes, to understand the mechanism of density dependence in population dynamics that emerge from individual-level processes. We demonstrated the utility of the model framework by applying it </span><span>to an extensively enhanced species, Chinese prawn (<em>Fenneropenaeus chinensis</em></span><span>, Penaeidae</span><span>). The model could yield projections reflecting the observed trajectory of population biomass and yields. The model also delineated the key effects of density dependence on the vital rates of growth, fecundity, and starvation mortality. Regarding the manifold effects of stock enhancement, we demonstrated a dampened shape in population biomass and yields with increasing magnitude of enhancement, and trade-offs between the ecological and economic objectives, i.e., pursuing high benefit might compromise the wild population without proper management. Furthermore, we illustrated the possibility of combining stock enhancement and harvest regulation in promoting population recovery while maintaining fisheries yields. We highlight the potential of the proposed model for understanding density dependence in enhancement program, and for designing integrated management strategies. The approach developed herein may serve as a general approach to assess the population dynamics in stock enhancement and inform enhancement management.</span><span> </span></p>
Data from: Mesophotic Foraminiferal-Algal Nodules play a role in the Red Sea carbonate budget
<p>Free-living mesophotic Foraminiferal-Algal Nodules (FANs) have been discovered along the coast of the northern Saudi Arabian Red Sea (NEOM region) where they form a novel benthic ecosystem in mesophotic water depths on the continental shelf. Being mostly spheroidal, the nodules are transported <em>en masse</em> down slope, into the deep water of the basin, where they stop accreting. Radiometric dating informs that FANs can be more than two thousand years old and that they collectively contribute up to 66 g m<sup>-2</sup> year<sup>-1</sup> to the mesophotic benthic carbonate budget and account for at least 980 megatons of CaCO<sub>3</sub>, a substantial contribution considering the depauperate production of carbonate by other means in this light-limited environment. Our findings advance the knowledge of mesophotic biodiversity and carbonate production, and provide data that will inform conservation policies in the Saudi Arabian Red Sea.</p>
Constraining an eddy energy dissipation rate due to relative wind stress for use in energy budget-based eddy parameterisations
<p>Code and data to reproduce results in the EGU Ocean Science journal paper, entitled 'Constraining an eddy energy dissipation rate due to relative wind stress for use in energy budget-based eddy parameterisations'.</p> <p>The data and corresponding scripts in this repository are:</p> <ul> <li>MITgcm simulation data for an anticyclone and cyclone under absolute and relative wind stress. <ul> <li>ACE_eta_{absolute or relative}_10km_A25_v2_ext.nc</li> <li>ACE_tau_{absolute or relative}_10km_A25_v2_ext.nc</li> <li>ACE_temp_{absolute or relative}_10km_A25_v2_ext.nc</li> <li>CE_eta_{absolute or relative}_10km_A25_v2.nc</li> <li>CE_tau_{absolute or relative}_10km_A25_v2.nc</li> <li>CE_temp_{absolute or relative}_10km_A25_v2.nc</li> </ul> </li> <li>Mean energetics computed using eddy_energy_mean.m. User may need to comment out lines of code relating to wvel. This also requires geostrophic_uv.m, rho_ref.mat, and ocean_vertical_grid.nc. <ul> <li>{ACE or CE}_energy_{absolute or relative}_total_10km_A25_mean.nc</li> </ul> </li> <li>Predicted eddy energy computed using predict_*.m scripts. n.b. viscous term left in absolute scripts, though we only need the first index of total eddy energy in abs cases. The abs cases are really just making the abs.mat files, see time_series_plots.py.</li> <li>Time-series figures (3 and 5) produced using time_series_plots.py.</li> <li>Initial figures (1 and 2) produced using initial_plots.py.</li> <li>Relative vorticity in Fig. 4 computed and plotted using eddy_evolution_plot.py.</li> <li>Dissipation rates computed in calc_dissipation_rate.m. Requires dynmodes.m and GSW toolbox to run. Also needs data Chelton2011_Le.csv and Chelton2011_Rd.csv. <ul> <li>diss_rate*.nc</li> </ul> </li> <li>Dissipation rate and climatology figures (6, 7, 8, and 9) made in diss_rate_plot.py</li> </ul> <p>Information and data needed to run the MITgcm can be found <a href="https://github.com/thomaswilder/jpo_eddy-scripts">here</a>.</p>
Energy budget of the sea cucumber Neostchopus grammatus fed abalone waste
<p> The data is gotten from Energy budget of the sea cucumber <em>Neostichopus</em> <em>grammatus </em>fed abalone waste.</p>
NOAA GML Kettle Ponds Surface Radiation Budget and Near-Surface Meteorology Data for SPLASH
<p>These files contain Surface Energy Balance data at the Kettle Ponds (CKP) site as part of NOAA’s Global Monitoring Laboratory’s deployment in the Sail-SPLASH Campaign between October 2021 through August 2023.</p>
NOAA GML Brush Creek Surface Radiation Budget and Near-Surface Meteorology Data for SPLASH
<p>These files contain Surface Energy Balance data at the Brush Creek (CBC) site as part of NOAA's Global Monitoring Laboratory's deployment in the Sail-SPLASH Campaign between October 2021 through August 2023.</p><p> </p><p><strong>NOTE: Version 2.1 contains one "zip" file containing all daily files for ease of download.</strong></p>
Data from: Mesophotic Foraminiferal-Algal Nodules play a role in the Red Sea carbonate budget
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Data from: A global FAOSTAT reference database of cropland nutrient budgets and nutrient use efficiency (1961–2020): nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data for: Coupling dynamic energy budget and population dynamic models to inform stock enhancement in fisheries management
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Plains zebra time budgets, social behavior, and communication during the 2021-2022 Laikipia-Samburu ecosystem drought
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Water budget components and forest structure in burned and unburned longleaf pine stands, the Jones Center at Ichauway, Southwest Georgia, USA, 2015 - 2021
This data package includes data tables used to assemble a stand-level water budget of the longleaf pine-wiregrass ecosystem in southwestern Georgia, USA, between 2015 and 2021. Water budgets were estimated by measuring or modeling each distinct water budget component. Thus, the data tables included in the package are generally divided by stratum (i.e. overstory, midstory, vegetative groundcover, litter layer) and/or process (i.e. evaporation or transpiration). Relevant forest structure data is also included; they are often presented in tables alongside estimates of transpiration. Much of the data were collected across a soil moisture gradient, at both mesic and xeric sites, and in stands treated with different fire regimes: frequent prescribed fire (FF) or fire exclusion (EX). For some data, site or treatment may not be specified if the data were not collected for comparative purposes, but rather as representative baseline data for models that would be applied across sites and treatments. Transpiration data contained within this package include: 1) seasonal averages of daily sap-flux for pines and oaks measured with thermal dissipation probes 2) daily and seasonal transpiration for individual trees 3) seasonal transpiration for functional groups of shrubs and small trees 4) seasonal transpiration of groundcover functional groups Evaporation data contained within this package include: 1) Continuously-measured canopy interception and throughfall 2) overstory stemflow 3) midstory stemflow 3) groundcover interception and throughfall 4) litter moisture content data paired with time since rain (to develop litter drying curves), and 5) litter moisture content data paired with recent rain event depth (to develop litter wetting curves) Forest structure data contained within this package include: 1) Annual measures of tree DBH 2) Biannual estimates of small tree and shrub DBH, by functional group 3) Monthly estimates of groundcover functional group leaf area index 4) Monthly
Taylor Valley Water Budgets
As part of the Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) project in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica, a systematic sampling program has been undertaken to monitor the glacial meltwater streams in that region. This table contains data for the total volume of water discharged in various streams and basins of Taylor Valley. The data covers melt periods from 1991-92 through 1996-97.
Data for the publication "Reconciling compensating errors between precipitation constraints and the energy budget in a climate model"
<p>These data are a set of 6yr simulations using the MIROC6-SPRINTARS global aerosol-climate model with different treatments (diagnostic and prognostic) of precipitation under the present-day (PD, aerosol emission at the year 2000) and preindustrial (PI, aerosol emission at the year 1850) conditions.<br> The data are used in the manuscript entitled "Reconciling compensating errors between<br> precipitation constraints and the energy budget in a climate model".</p>
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