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73 results for “Cave crickets”
FIGURES 2–6 in Three new cricket species and a new subgenus of Endecous Saussure, 1878 (Grylloidea: Phalangopsidae) from caves in northeastern Brazil
FIGURES 2–6. Endecous (Ramalhoecous) infernalis n. sp. (ISLA 104837) phallic complex. (2) dorsal view, (3) ventral view, (4) laterofrontal view, (5) frontal view, (6) lateral view. Abbreviations: A, pseudepiphallic ventral branch (or "A" sclerite); Ps.arm, pseudepiphallic arm; Ps.db, pseudepiphallic dorsal branch; Ps.ib, pseudepiphallic inner bars; R, pseudepiphallic rami (or pseudepiphallic membranous shield); Ps.p, pseudepiphallic paramere; Ect.ap, ectophallic apodeme; Ect.arc, ectophallic arc; Ect.lb, ectophallic lateral bar; Ect.mp, ectophallic median projection; End.sc.a, endophallic sclerite anterior portion; End. sc.d, endophallic sclerite duct; End.sc.p, endophallic sclerite posterior portion.
FIGURE 1 in Three new cricket species and a new subgenus of Endecous Saussure, 1878 (Grylloidea: Phalangopsidae) from caves in northeastern Brazil
FIGURE 1. Distribution map of Endecous Saussure, 1878 (Brazilian territory in green). Serra do Ramalho region, where E. (R.) infernalis n. sp., E. (E.) zin n. sp. and E. (E.) zaum n. sp. were found, is highlighted. Different symbols represent the four subgenera within Endecous. (*)
140 million years of evolutionary history without wings: Phylogeny and biogeography of cave crickets (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae)
<p>The family Rhaphidophoridae is an ancient and wingless lineage within Orthoptera that shows a worldwide distribution except Antarctica, with a high level of endemicity for each subfamily. Nevertheless, the phylogenetic relationships within the family remain poorly resolved due to its morphological uniformity and lack of diagnostic characteristics, such as wings. To clarify the systematics of Rhaphidophoridae and its biogeographic history, a molecular phylogeny of Rhaphidophoridae was reconstructed using three mitochondrial genes (COI, 12S, and 16S) and two nuclear ribosomal RNA genes (18S and 28S). We proposed the most comprehensive phylogenetic hypothesis of the family to date, including all extant subfamilies for the first time. In particular, we included the representatives of Anoplophilinae from East Asia to propose its phylogenetic placement for the first time, and we also included the members of Tropidischinae and Gammarotettiginae from the western United States. We resolved phylogenetic relationships among the subfamilies, including the sister relationship between Anoplophilinae and Gammarotettiginae, based on which we suggest new synapomorphies and resurrect <em>Tachycines (Tachycines) coreana</em> (Yamasaki, 1969) <strong>stat. resurr.</strong> Through biogeographic analyses based on divergence time estimation and ancestral range reconstruction, we suggested new biogeographic hypotheses that Gammarotettiginae in California originated from the Asian lineage when Asia and the Americas were connected by the Bering land bridge, and the opening of the Western interior seaway affected the division of Ceuthophilinae from Tropidischiinae in North America. We estimated that Rhaphidophoridae originated at 138 Mya across Laurasia and Gondwana, and suggested that the loss of wings in Rhaphidophoridae could be the result of adaptation to low temperatures in the Mesozoic era.</p>
FIGURE 2 in The Dolichopodainae and Troglophilinae cave crickets of Turkey: an update of taxonomy and geographic distribution (Orthoptera, Rhaphidophoridae)
FIGURE 2. Karstic regions in Turkey: 1—Taurus Province, 2—South-Eastern Province.
FIGURE 4. Aclodes paz n in Studies on Neotropical crickets: Aclodes paz n. sp. a new phalangopsid cricket (Orthoptera: Phalangopsidae) from the Santander caves, Colombia
FIGURE 4. Aclodes paz n. sp. female. A-B. Habitus in lateral and dorsal views respectively.
Figure 5 from: Latella L, Di Russo C, Rampini M, Cobolli M (2014) Measurements of the diet in two species of Troglophilus Krauss, 1879 cave crickets from Italian subterranean habitats (Orthoptera, Rhaphidophoridae). Subterranean Biology 13: 45-54. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.13.6719
Figure 5 - Comparison of the autumnal diet between female and male sub-samples of Troglophilus andreinii. Grey: green vegetables; light grey: fibres; black: arthropod remains.
Figure 4 from: Latella L, Di Russo C, Rampini M, Cobolli M (2014) Measurements of the diet in two species of Troglophilus Krauss, 1879 cave crickets from Italian subterranean habitats (Orthoptera, Rhaphidophoridae). Subterranean Biology 13: 45-54. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.13.6719
Figure 4 - Overlap analysis of food resource exploitation conducted in individuals of different age (young instars, nymphs and adults). The dendrograms were performed using euclidean distances based on the Morisita-Horn index matrices. (a: Troglophilus cavicola, b: Troglophilus andreinii).
Figure 3 from: Latella L, Di Russo C, Rampini M, Cobolli M (2014) Measurements of the diet in two species of Troglophilus Krauss, 1879 cave crickets from Italian subterranean habitats (Orthoptera, Rhaphidophoridae). Subterranean Biology 13: 45-54. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.13.6719
Figure 3 - Comparison of the diet among age sub-samples (Young instars, Nymphs and Adults) of Troglophilus cavicola and Troglophilus andreinii. Grey: green vegetables; light grey: fibres; black: arthropod remains.
Figure 2 from: Latella L, Di Russo C, Rampini M, Cobolli M (2014) Measurements of the diet in two species of Troglophilus Krauss, 1879 cave crickets from Italian subterranean habitats (Orthoptera, Rhaphidophoridae). Subterranean Biology 13: 45-54. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.13.6719
Figure 2 - Comparison of seasonal niche breadth in Troglophilus cavicola and Troglophilus andreinii populations
Figure 1 from: Latella L, Di Russo C, Rampini M, Cobolli M (2014) Measurements of the diet in two species of Troglophilus Krauss, 1879 cave crickets from Italian subterranean habitats (Orthoptera, Rhaphidophoridae). Subterranean Biology 13: 45-54. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.13.6719
Figure 1 - Seasonal comparison of food resource exploitation among cumulate samples of Troglophilus cavicola and Troglophilus andreinii. Grey: green vegetables; light grey: fibres; black: arthropod remains.
FIGURE 6. Aclodes paz n in Studies on Neotropical crickets: Aclodes paz n. sp. a new phalangopsid cricket (Orthoptera: Phalangopsidae) from the Santander caves, Colombia
FIGURE 6. Aclodes paz n. sp. in live condition. A. A adult male and others specimens in different development stages. B. A female and a male subadults.
Figure 6 in New records and ecological observations on Greek cave crickets (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae)
Figure 6. Specimens of T. zorae from Pades, Epirus. a) Immature female specimen on a man-made stone wall, showing colouration characteristic of this species; b) Tergum ten of an immature male specimen.
Figure 1 in New records and ecological observations on Greek cave crickets (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae)
Figure 1. Habitus photographs of female D. lustriae in Pades, Epirus. a) Female specimen (collected in July 2015); b) Female specimen climbing on the walls of the Stontzi rock formation (collected in July 2020); c) Gravid female foraging on the forest floor (July 2015 record, not collected).
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