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711 results for “Cryptic species complex”
FIG. 18 in Disentangling cryptic species in the Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. and M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. species complexes (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)
FIG. 18. — Marasmius rubicundus (Singer) J.S. Oliveira, stat. nov. (JO464): A, basidiomata; B, basidiospores; C, basidia; D, basidioles; E, pleurocystidia; F, cheilocystidia; G, Siccus-type broom cells of the pileipellis. Scale bar: A, 19.2 mm; B-G, 10 µm.
FIG. 15 in Disentangling cryptic species in the Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. and M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. species complexes (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)
FIG. 15. — Pictures of fresh basidiomata: A, Marasmius roseus J.S. Oliveira, sp. nov. (JO352); B, M. rubicundus (Singer) J.S. Oliveira, stat. nov. (JO464); C, M. cf. pallescens Murrill (JO426). Scale bars: 10 mm.
FIG. 14 in Disentangling cryptic species in the Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. and M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. species complexes (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)
FIG. 14. — Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. (JO533): A1, A2, basidiomata; B, basidiospores; C, basidioles; D, basidia; E, pleurocystidia; F, cheilocystidia; G, Siccus-type broom cells of the pileipellis. Scale bar: A1, 8.9 mm; A2, 5.9 mm; B-G, 10 µm.
FIG. 11. — Marasmius castanocephalus J.S in Disentangling cryptic species in the Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. and M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. species complexes (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)
FIG. 11. — Marasmius castanocephalus J.S. Oliveira, sp. nov. (JO523): A1, A2, basidiomata; B, basidiospores; C, basidioles; D, pleurocystidia; E, cheilocystidia; F, Siccus-type broom cells of the pileipellis. Scale bar: A1, 18 mm; A2, 10 mm; B-F, 10 µm.
FIG. 2 in Disentangling cryptic species in the Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. and M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. species complexes (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)
FIG. 2. — Best-scored Maximum Likelihood Tree (TL = 0.164547) built from multilocus (nrITS and nrLSU) analysis based on siccus_cp1 in Fig. 1 (DATASET 2a). Support values are BS (70 to 100 %) and PP (0.95 to 1.0). Black, thick stems indicate high support and gray, thick stems indicate weak to moderate support. The gray shades highlight siccus_cp2a, siccus_cp2b, and M. siccus s. str. Blue arrows indicate the geographic origin of the strains. Global map is based on Olson & Dinerstein (2002) with forested areas depicted in their biogeographic realms.
FIG. 10. — Marasmius auranticapitatus J.S in Disentangling cryptic species in the Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. and M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. species complexes (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)
FIG. 10. — Marasmius auranticapitatus J.S. Oliveira, sp. nov. (M. Capelari & L.A.S. Ramos 4554): A, basidiomata; B, basidiospores; C, basidioles; D, pleurocystidia; E, cheilocystidia; F, Siccus-type broom cells of the pileipellis. Scale bar: A, 10 mm; B-F, 10 µm.
FIG. 12. — Marasmius coasiaticus J.S in Disentangling cryptic species in the Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. and M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. species complexes (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)
FIG. 12. — Marasmius coasiaticus J.S. Oliveira, sp. nov. (JO323): A, basidiomata; B, basidiospores; C, basidia; D, basidioles; E, pleurocystidia; F, cheilocystidia; G, Siccus-type broom cells of the pileipellis. Scale bar: A, 12.8 mm; B-G, 10 µm.
FIG. 5 in Disentangling cryptic species in the Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. and M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. species complexes (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)
FIG. 5. — Best-scored Maximum Likelihood trees (left side, TL = 0.111755; 0.135069) and 50 % majority-rule consensus trees (right side, TL = 0.106492; 0.120539) of Bayesian analyses built from multilocus (nrITS + rpb2 + ef1-α) analyses (DATASET 4) of the haemat_cp2a (Fig. 3). Black, thick stems indicate high support and gray, thick stems indicate weak to moderate support. Orange shade indicates M. auranticapitatus J.S. Oliveira, sp. nov. and the pink shade indicates M. rubicundus (Singer) J.S. Oliveira, stat. nov. Trees on the top includes MC4554 (holotype of M. auranticapitatus J.S. Oliveira, sp. nov.).
FIG. 1. — 50 in Disentangling cryptic species in the Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. and M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. species complexes (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)
FIG. 1. — 50 % majority-rule consensus tree (tree length – TL = 27.160273) of Bayesian analysis reconstructed from multilocus (nrITS and nrLSU) analysis of DATA- SET 1 (M. haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr., M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. and close species). Support values are PP (0.95 to 1.0) and BS (70 to 100 %). Black, thick stems indicate high support and gray, thick stems indicate weak to moderate support. Global map is based on Olson & Dinerstein (2002) with depicted forested areas in their biogeographic realms. The red area on the map is the putative distribution coverage of haemat_cp1 (in gray shade) on continental and insular terrestrial areas; the blue area represents the putative distribution coverage of siccus_cp1 (in gray shade) based on Fig. S1 in the Appendix, with branches colored accordingly.
FIG. 9 in Disentangling cryptic species in the Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. and M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. species complexes (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)
FIG. 9. — Pictures of fresh basidiomata: A, Marasmius auranticapitatus J.S. Oliveira, sp. nov. (M. Capelari & L.A.S. Ramos 4554); B, M. castanocephalus J.S. Oliveira, sp. nov. (JO523); C, M. coasiaticus J.S. Oliveira, sp. nov. (JO323). Scale bars: 10 mm.
FIG. 8 in Disentangling cryptic species in the Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. and M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. species complexes (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)
FIG. 8. — Marasmius gardneri Singer (JO491): A1, A2, basidiomata; B, basidiospores; C, basidioles; D, pleurocystidia; E, cheilocystidia; F, Siccus-type broom cells of the pileipellis. Scale bar: A1, 10.8 mm; A2, 5.9 mm; B-F, 10 µm.
FIG. 3 in Disentangling cryptic species in the Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. and M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. species complexes (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)
FIG. 3. — Best-scored Maximum Likelihood Tree (TL = 0.555713) built from multilocus (nrITS and nrLSU) analysis based on haemat_cp1 in Fig. 1 (DATASET 2b). Support values are BS (70 to 100 %) and PP (0.95 to 1.0). Black, thick stems indicate high support and gray, thick stems indicate weak to moderate support. The gray shades highlight the haemat_cp2a-e and the cryptic species in red rectangles if pileus color is a determinant constrain. Red arrows indicate the geographic origin of strains in the tree. Global map is based on Olson & Dinerstein (2002) with forested areas depicted in their biogeographic realms.
FIG. 4 in Disentangling cryptic species in the Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. and M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. species complexes (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)
FIG. 4. — Best-scored Maximum Likelihood tree (left side, TL = 0.054576) and 50 % majority-rule consensus tree (right side, TL = 4.954404) of Bayesian analyses built from multilocus (nrLSU and nrITS) analyses (DATASET 3) of the haemat_cp2a (Fig. 3). Black, thick stems indicate high support and gray, thick stems indicate weak to moderate support. Dark red shade indicates M. haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr., the orange shade indicates M. auranticapitatus J.S. Oliveira, sp. nov. and the pink shade indicates M. rubicundus (Singer) J.S. Oliveira, stat. nov.
figure 4 in Infirm effect of phylogeny on morphometric features in a cryptic Gobio species complex
figure 4 Relations of pairwise morphometric differences and geographic distances of the studied five populations (results of pairwise Mantel-tests, using 9999 permutations) in case of the three morphometric methods used (gmb: Geometric Morphometry of Body, gms: Geometric Morphometry of Scales, dbm: Distance Based Method). The equations and correlation values refer to the linear trend line.
figure 2 in Infirm effect of phylogeny on morphometric features in a cryptic Gobio species complex
figure 2 Results of phylogenetic analyses using mtCR sequence data of 102 Carpathian gudgeon individuals. Maximum likelihood tree showing the divergence of the eight haplotypes derived from the 608 bp long sequence data. Outgroup: Romanogobio vladykovi (Fang, 1943) GenBank acc. number: mk 975878. Bootstrap support values are shown next to the branches (A). PCoA plot derived from the pairwise nucleotide differences of haplotypes. The attributed variance in each axis is indicated in parentheses (B). Median-Joining network of mtCR sequence data (C). Circle sizes are relative to the number of individuals carrying the same haplotype. Line length refers to the genetic distances of haplotypes. Colour codes of cryptic groups on subfigures A, B and C are identical and correspond with figs 1 and 3 (Blue: G. obtusirostris, red: southern haplogroup, Green: G. sp1). Different colours on subfigure "C" represents different populations. Light Green: Pop1, Brown: Pop2, Orange: Pop3, Black: Pop4, Light Blue: Pop5). For more details, see fig. 1 and table 1.
Hybridization and polyploidy shaped the evolutionary history of a complex of cryptic species in European woodrushes (<em>Luzula</em> sect. <em>Luzula</em>)
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Data from: Dense geographic and genomic sampling reveals paraphyly and a cryptic lineage in a classic sibling species complex
Incomplete or geographically biased sampling poses significant problems for research in phylogeography, population genetics, phylogenetics, and species delimitation. Despite the power of using genome-wide genetic markers in systematics and related fields, approaches such as the multispecies coalescent remain unable to easily account for unsampled lineages. The Empidonax difficilis / E. occidentalis complex of small tyrannid flycatchers (Aves: Tyrannidae) is a classic example of widely-distributed species with limited phenotypic geographic variation that was broken into two largely cryptic (or "sibling") lineages following extensive study. Though the group is well-characterized north of the U.S. Mexico border, the evolutionary distinctiveness and phylogenetic relationships of southern populations remain obscure. In this paper, we use dense genomic and geographic sampling across the majority of the range of the E. difficilis / E . occidentalis complex to assess whether current taxonomy and species limits reflect underlying evolutionary patterns, or whether they are an artifact of historically biased or incomplete sampling. We find that additional samples from Mexico render the widely recognized species-level lineage E. occidentalis paraphyletic, though it retains support in the best-fit species delimitation model from clustering analyses. We further identify a highly divergent unrecognized lineage in a previously unsampled portion of the group's range, which a cline analysis suggests is more reproductively isolated than the currently recognized species E. difficilis and E. occidentalis. Our phylogeny supports a southern origin of these taxa. Our results highlight the pervasive impacts of biased geographic sampling, even in well-studied vertebrate groups like birds, and illustrate what is a common problem when attempting to define species in the face of recent divergence and reticulate evolution.
Data from: Mating patterns and post-mating isolation in three cryptic species of the Engystomops petersi species complex
Determining the extent of reproductive isolation in cryptic species with dynamic geographic ranges can give us important insights into the processes that generate and maintain genetic divergence in the absence of severe geographic barriers. We studied mating patterns, propensity to crossbreed in nature and subsequent fertilization rates, as well as survival and development of hybrid F1 offspring for three species of the E. petersi species complex in Yasuní National Park, Ecuador. We found at least two species in five out of seven locations sampled, and 14.3% of the wild pairs genotyped were heterospecific crosses. We also found reduced fertilization rates in hybrid crosses between E. petersi females and E. "magnus" males, and between E. "magnus" females and E. "selva" males but not in the opposite hybrid crosses, suggesting asymmetric reproductive isolation for these species. Larval development time decreased in F1 hybrid crosses compared to conspecific F1s, but we did not find any reduction in larval survival or early metamorph survival. Our results show evidence of post-mating isolation for at least two hybrid crosses of the cryptic species we studied. The general decrease in fertilization rates in heterospecific crosses suggests that sexual selection and reinforcement might have not only contributed to the pattern of call variation and behavioral isolation we see between species today, but they may also contribute to further signal divergence and behavioral evolution, especially in locations where hybridization is common and fertilization success is diminished.
Taxonomic Uncertainty on Range Size and Niche Estimation in a Southern Ocean Cryptic Species Complex
<p>R code and data related to assessing the effect of taxonomic uncertainty on range size and environmental niche estimates for a Southern Ocean invertebrate. </p> <p>Clarke, D.A., Wilson, N.G. and McGeoch, M.A. (2025) ‘Effects of Taxonomic Uncertainty on Range Size and Niche Estimation in a Southern Ocean Cryptic Species Complex’, Journal of Biogeography, n/a(n/a), p. e15182. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.15182.</p>
Ecological divergence despite common mating sites: Genotypes and symbiotypes shed light on cryptic diversity in the black bean aphid species complex
<p>Different host plants represent ecologically dissimilar environments for phytophagous insects. The resulting divergent selection can promote the evolution of specialized host races, provided that gene flow is reduced between populations feeding on different plants. In black bean aphids belonging to the <em>Aphis fabae </em>complex, several morphologically cryptic taxa have been described based on their distinct host plant preferences. However, host choice and mate choice are largely decoupled in these insects: they are host-alternating and migrate between specific summer host plants and shared winter hosts, with mating occurring on the shared hosts. This provides a yearly opportunity for gene flow among aphids using different summer hosts, and raises the question if and to what extent the ecologically defined taxa are reproductively isolated. Here, we analyzed a geographically and temporally structured dataset of microsatellite genotypes from <em>A. fabae </em>that were mostly collected from their main winter host <em>Euonymus europaeus,</em> and additionally from another winter host and fourteen summer hosts. The data reveals multiple, strongly differentiated genetic clusters, which differ in their association with different summer and winter hosts. The clusters also differ in the frequency of infection with two heritable, facultative endosymbionts, separately hinting at reproductive isolation and divergent ecological selection. Furthermore, we found evidence for occasional hybridization among genetic clusters, with putative hybrids collected more frequently in spring than in autumn. This suggests that similar to host races in other phytophagous insects, both prezygotic and postzygotic barriers including selection against hybrids maintain genetic differentiation among <em>A. fabae </em>taxa, despite a common mating habitat.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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