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525 results for “Displace”
Displacement accumulation and sampling of paleoearthquakes on active normal faults of Crete in the eastern Mediterranean
<p>The Table S1 (uploaded separately) presents fault data and calculated values of earthquake parameters that underpin the interpretations and conclusions presented in Nicol et al. (G3, submitted June 20, 2020). The Locations of each fault are shown in Figure 2 of the main manuscript.</p> <p>In detail: The Table S1 summarises the attributes on all active faults studied on Crete. Single Event Displacement (SED), Recurrence Interval (RI), Moment Magnitude (M<sub>w</sub>) and number of paeoearthquakes have been estimated for each fault using topographic fault lengths and Quaternary displacement rates in conjunction with the Wesnousky (2008) equations (see table footnote for equations used to calculate SED and Mw). Mw calculated using Wesnously (2008) equations are unconstrained at lengths < 15.5 km. Note that the short-term (e.g. the post-glacial period) displacement rates for the Lentas (ID=43) and South Central Crete (ID=44) faults derive from time periods of c. 50 kyr and 125 kyr, respectively (from Gallen et al., 2014). Nevertheless, the estimated number of events on these two faults correspond to the post-glacial period (16.5 kyr). Table S1 presents uncertainties of +40% and -20% for maximum displacements derived from topography. Here we are conservative and have allowed larger errors for the maximum fault displacements to account for greater errors associated with erosion. The calculated earthquake recurrence interval (RI) in Table S1 derives from SED/Quaternary displacement rate.</p>
Data: Stronger Saccadic Suppression of Displacement and Blanking effect in Children
<p>Data for publication: </p> <p>Emma E. M. Stewart, Carolin Hübner, Alexander C. Schütz; Stronger saccadic suppression of displacement and blanking effect in children. <em>Journal of Vision</em> 2020;20(10):13. doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1167/jov.20.10.13">https://doi.org/10.1167/jov.20.10.13</a>.</p>
Co-seismic and post-seismic differential Interferograms and displacement maps for the 2020 M6.5 Monte Cristo Range, Nevada earthquake
<p>Differential interferograms for the Mw 6.5 Monte Cristo, Nevada earthquake, processed with SNAP and CNR-IREA P-SBAS in the <a href="https://geohazards-tep.eu">Geohazards Exploitation Platform</a>.</p> <p>USGS event page for the Monte Cristo earthquake:</p> <p><a href="https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/nn00725272/">https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/nn00725272/</a></p> <p>Co-seismic and post-seismic (May 16 - May 23) interferograms are included. For each interferometric pair, three products are included: coherence, phase interferogram and unwrapped interferogram (LOS displacement). Decomposition.zip files includes the processed East-West and Vertical deformation maps from combining ascending and descending interferograms.</p> <p> </p>
Data from: Agonistic character displacement in social cognition of advertisement signals
Interspecific aggression between sibling species may enhance discrimination of competitors when recognition errors are costly, but proximate mechanisms mediating increased discriminative ability are unclear. We studied behavioral and neural mechanisms underlying responses to conspecific and heterospecific vocalizations in Alston's singing mouse (Scotinomys teguina), a species in which males sing to repel rivals. We performed playback experiments using males in allopatry and sympatry with a dominant heterospecific (Scotinomys xerampelinus) and examined song-evoked induction of egr-1 in the auditory system to examine how neural tuning modulates species-specific responses. Heterospecific songs elicited stronger neural responses in sympatry than in allopatry, despite eliciting less singing in sympatry. Our results refute the traditional neuroethological concept of a matched filter and instead suggest expansion of sensory sensitivity to mediate competitor recognition in sympatry.
Data from: Ecological sorting and character displacement contribute to the structure of communities of Clarkia species
Despite long‐standing interest in the evolutionary ecology of plants that share pollinators, few studies have explored how these interactions may affect communities during both community assembly (ecological sorting) and through ongoing, in situ evolution (character displacement), and how the effects of these interactions may change with community context. To determine if communities display patterns consistent with ecological sorting, we assessed the frequency of co‐occurrence of four species of Clarkia in the southern Sierra foothills (Kern County, CA, USA). To investigate potential character displacement, we measured pollination‐related traits on plants grown in a greenhouse common garden from seed collected in communities with one, two, or four Clarkia species. Among the four species of Clarkia in this region, the two species that are often found in multi‐species communities also co‐occur with one another more frequently than expected under a null model. This pattern is consistent with ecological sorting, although further investigation is needed to determine the role of pollinators in shaping community assembly. Patterns of trait variation in a common garden suggest that these two species have diverged in floral traits and converged in flowering time where they co‐occur, which is consistent with character displacement. Trait variation across community types also suggests that the process and outcome of character displacement may vary with community context. Because community context appears to affect both the direction and magnitude of character displacement, change in more species‐rich communities may not be predictable from patterns of change in simpler communities.
Data from: Reproductive character displacement of female, but not male song discrimination in an avian hybrid zone
Divergence of male sexual signals and female preferences for those signals often maintains reproductive boundaries between closely related, co-occurring species. However, contrasting sources of selection, such as interspecific competition, can lead to weak divergence or even convergence of sexual signals in sympatry. When signals converge, assortative mating can be maintained if the mating preferences of females diverge in sympatry (reproductive character displacement; RCD), but there are few explicit examples. Pied flycatchers (Ficedula hypoleuca) are sympatric with collared flycatchers (F. albicollis) on the Baltic island of Öland, where males from both species compete over nestboxes, their songs converge, and the two species occasionally hybridize. We compare song discrimination of male and female pied flycatchers on Öland and in an allopatric population on the Swedish mainland. Using field choice trials, we show that male pied flycatchers respond similarly to the songs of both species in sympatry and in allopatry, while female pied flycatchers express stronger discrimination against heterospecific songs in sympatry than in allopatry. These results are consistent with RCD of song discrimination of female pied flycatchers where they co-occur with collared flycatchers, which should maintain species assortative mating despite convergence of male sexual signals.
InSAR time series analysis results of ALOS-2/PALSAR-2 data for the post-eruptive displacement of the 2015 phreatic eruption of Hakone volcano, Japan
<p>This repository contains the InSAR products used in Doke et al., GRL (submitted).</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Dataset 1</strong>: Surface velocity data estimated by InSAR time series analysis with NetCDF grid format.</p> <ol> <li>surface_velocity_p126.nc</li> <li>surface_velocity_p18.nc</li> </ol> <p> </p> <p><strong>Dataset 2</strong>: Time-series of LOS displacements in selected locations with text format.</p> <ol> <li>time_series_p126.txt</li> <li>time_series_p18.txt</li> </ol> <p> </p> <p><strong>Dataset 3</strong>: Inputs and results of model inversion with shapefile.</p> <p>Subsampled observation data, modeled (simulated) displacements, and other parameters are shown in attribute tables in shapefiles. Shapefiles that show the location of the estimated models are also included in ZIP files.</p> <ol> <li>point_source_deflation.zip</li> <li>sill_deflation.zip</li> </ol>
Data from: Agonistic character displacement of genetically based male colour patterns across darters
Agonistic character displacement (ACD) occurs when selection to avoid maladaptive interspecific aggression leads to the evolution of agonistic signals and/or associated behavioural biases in sympatry. Here we test for a pattern consistent with ACD in male colour pattern in darters (Percidae: Etheostoma). Male colour pattern has been shown to function in male-male competition rather than female mating preferences in several darter species. Additionally, males bias their aggression towards conspecific over heterospecific males in sympatry but not in allopatry, consistent with divergent ACD in male behavioural biases. We use a common garden approach to show that differences in male colour pattern among four closely related darter species are genetically based. Additionally, we demonstrate that some aspects of male colour pattern exhibit enhanced differences in sympatric compared to allopatric populations of two darter species, consistent with ACD. However, other male colour traits are more similar between species in sympatry compared to allopatry, indicating that not all signal components are under strong divergent selection in sympatry. This study provides evidence that interspecific male-male aggressive interactions alone can promote elaborate male signal evolution both between and within species. We discuss the implications this has for male-driven ACD and cascade ACD.
Comparison of Friction Properties Among Diverse Conventional-Ligating Lingual Bracket Systems According To Tooth Displacement During Leveling And Alignment: An In Vitro Mechanical Study
<p>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of tooth displacement on frictional force when conventional-ligating lingual brackets (CL-LB), CL-LBs with narrow bracket width and customized CL-LBs were used with leveling/alignment wire. </p> <p>CL-LBs (7<sup>th</sup>Generation), CL-LBs with narrow bracket width (STb) and customized CL-LBs (Incognito) were tested under three conditions of tooth displacement [no displacement (control); 1mm palatal displacement (PD) of the maxillary right lateral incisor (MXLI); and 1mm gingival displacement (GD) of the maxillary right canine (MXC)](9 groups, <em>n</em>=6 per group). Static (SFF) and kinetic frictional forces (KFF) were measured in a stereolithographic typodont system and artificial saliva while drawing a 0.016-inch copper or super-elastic nickel-titanium archwire at a speed of 0.5 mm/min for 5 minutes at 36.5°C.</p>
Data from: Ecological character displacement among Nothobranchius annual killifishes in Tanzania
<p>Divergent ecological character displacement (ECD) is the competition-driven divergence in resource use-related phenotypic traits between coexisting species. It is considered one of the primary drivers of ecological diversification and adaptive radiation. We analyzed phenotypic and ecological variation in two African annual killifish species of the genus <em>Nothobranchius</em>; <em>N. eggersi</em> and <em>N. melanospilus</em> in sympatry and <em>N. melanospilus</em> in allopatry. Our aim was to test if allopatric and sympatric populations of <em>N. melanospilus</em> differ morphologically from each other and from <em>N. eggersi</em>, and examine if these differences are consistent with the predictions of ECD. We find that sympatric <em>N. melanospilus</em> differ from allopatric <em>N. melanospilus</em> and differ from <em>N. eggersi</em> more strongly than the latter. Our data satisfy four criteria for demonstrating ECD: Differences in phenotypes between allopatric and sympatric <em>N. melanospilus</em> are greater than expected by chance; the divergence pattern between allopatric and sympatric <em>N. melanospilus</em> results from an evolutionary shift rather than from ecological sorting; morphological differences observed reflect differences in resource use and, lastly, sites of allopatry and sympatry do not differ in food resource availability or other ecological conditions. Our results suggest that competition is the main driver of the observed divergence between two <em>N. melanospilus </em>populations.</p>
Displacement time series from GNSS stations in the Alto Tiberina Fault area (Central Italy)
<p>The files report the position time-series of GNSS stations deployed in the Alto Tiberina Fault area (Central Italy). <br>Columns are: Time, E, N, Se, Sn, Ren, U, Su, Reu, Rnu, site, long, lati, representing, respectively, epoch (in decimal years), displacement in the East component (in mm), displacement in the North component (in mm), uncertainty (one standard deviation) of the East component (in mm), uncertainty (one standard deviation) of the North component (in mm), correlation between the East and North components, displacement in the Up component (in mm), uncertainty (one standard deviation) of the Up component (in mm), correlation between the East and Up components, correlation between the North and Up components, Station ID (four letters), Longitude of the station (°), Latitude of the station (°).</p>
Projecting climate and socioeconomic contributions to global flood-induced displacements using a data-driven approach - Data Supplement
<p>This contribution contains data and analysis scripts for the manuscript "Projecting climate and socioeconomic contributions to global flood-induced displacements using a data-driven approach" by Lenin Del Rio Amador, Mathieu Boudreault and David A. Carozza.</p>
GNSS Vertical Crustal Displacement Data around Qinghai Lake
<p>This dataset includes vertical crustal displacement observations from 13 GNSS stations near Qinghai Lake, spanning from 2016 to 2023. The data consists of GNSS vertical displacement time series (GNSS_Upper.mat, MATLAB format), geographic coordinates of the stations (site_info.txt), and the corresponding time vector (GNSS_datatime.mat). </p> <p>This dataset supports the study described in the article "Terrestrial water storage changes of Qinghai Lake on the Tibetan Plateau from joint inversion of GNSS and InSAR data" (currently under peer review). The article combines GNSS and InSAR data to investigate vertical deformation field and terrestrial water storage changes in the Qinghai Lake region on the Tibetan Plateau. </p>
Displacement Data for "The Central Mindoro Fault: A Sinistral Fault Within the Translational Boundary Between the Palawan Microcontinental Block and the Philippine Mobile Belt"
<p>This dataset contain information on reference features, locations, V/H measurements, and sense of displacement along the Central Mindoro Fault (Philippines). </p>
Meaningful and physically consistent efficiency definition for positive displacement pumps - continuation of the critical review of ISO 4391 and ISO 4409
<p>ISO 4391:1984 gives the common efficiency definition for positive displacement machines. ISO 4409:2019 uses this efficiency definition to specify the procedure for efficiency measurements. If the machine conditions do not correspond with an incompressible flow due to operation at high pressure levels, the compressibility of the fluid and the dead volume of a pump must be taken into account. On this point, ISO 4391:1984 is physically inconsistent.</p> <p>Achten et. al. address this issue in their paper at FPMC 2019 presenting a critical review of ISO 4409:2007. They introduce new definitions of the overall efficiency as well as the mechanical-hydraulic efficiency. At the same time, they question the validity of the volumetric efficiency definition. Li and Barkei continue on this issue in their paper at FPMC 2020 and give a new efficiency definition based on the introduction of a new quantity Φ which describes the volume specific enthalpy of the conveyed fluid.</p> <p>The motivation of this paper is to contribute to the ongoing and fruitful discussion. Our approach starts with the most general efficiency definition, namely the isentropic efficiency. Subsequently, we make assumptions concerning the fluid properties with respect to the compressibility of the conveyed fluid. On the basis of the ideal cycle of a positive displacement pump and the p-v diagram, we derive physically consistent and more meaningful representations of the overall, the mechanical-hydraulic and the volumetric efficiency that address the inconsistency of ISO 4391:1984. Furthermore, we compare our findings with the existing results of Achten et. al. and Li and Barkei.</p>
Data from Schaffter, S.W. and Strychalski, E.A. "Co-transcriptionally encoded RNA strand displacement circuits" Science Advances (2022)
<p>The <strong>ctRSD_data_upload.xlsx</strong> file contains both the raw and normalized fluorescence data from this manuscript.</p> <p>In the Excel file, rows highlighted in green indicate the times when T7 RNAP was added to the samples. Plots of data in the manuscript designate this time as time = 0 min.</p> <p>The <strong>figure2D_fluorescence_data_plotting.py</strong> file is an example showing how the data was imported from the Excel file and plotted in the manuscript.</p> <p>In the script, the save_loc variable will need to be changed to the path pointing to where the ctRSD_data_upload.xlsx file (Data S1) is saved on a user’s local computer.</p>
SAR displacements of the 2022 Menyuan earthquake, China
<p>The dataset includes the SAR displacement observations, three-dimensional displacements, and the strain invariants related to the 2022 Menyuan earthquake, China.</p>
Full-field displacements and strains obtained by digital image correlation during fatigue crack growth experiments
<p>This data publication contains full-field displacements and strains obtained by 3D digital image correlation (DIC) using a GOM Aramis 12M system including three fatigue crack propagation (fcp) experiments of AA2024-T3 aluminium sheet material.</p> <p>The repository consists of three datasets of different experiments named </p> <ul> <li>S<sub>950,1.6 </sub>- MT950 specimen, 1.6 mm sheet thickness, load ratios R=0.3, 1.0</li> <li>S<sub>160,2.0 </sub>- MT160 specimen, 2.0 mm sheet thickness, load ratios R=0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0</li> <li>S<sub>160,4.7 </sub>- MT160 specimen, 4.7 mm sheet thickness, load ratios R=0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0</li> </ul> <p>where S<sub>w,t</sub> denotes a middle tension (MT) specimen with width w and thickness t. The nodal DIC measurements at different times during the experiments are provided as .txt files we call <em>"nodemaps" </em>and stored in subfolders "<strong>Nodemaps</strong>". Each <em>nodemap</em> consists of a header containing meta data information like a running number (current stage index) or the applied force, followed by the nodal displacements and strains in tabular form. Additionally, the dataset S<sub>160,4.7</sub> contains crack path and crack tip labels for each nodemap in the subfolder "<strong>GroundTruth</strong>". The ground truth is provided as arrays of size 256x256. Each pixel of the array contains the label "2" for the class "crack tip", "1" for the class "crack path", or "0" for the class "background". These labels were created in a semi-manual fashion and can be used for machine learned crack detection using supervised training.</p> <p>These datasets were recently used to evaluate neural attention of convolutional neural networks trained on fatigue crack tip detection in <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-13275-1">Melching et al. (Sci Rep, 2022)</a>. Additional guidance on data loading and usage can also be found at <a href="https://github.com/dlr-wf/explainable-crack-tip-detection">https://github.com/dlr-wf/explainable-crack-tip-detection</a>.</p> <p>The experiments S<sub>160,2.0</sub> and S<sub>160,4.7 </sub>were conducted and analysed by <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/ffe.13433">Strohmann et al. (FFEMS, 2021)</a>.</p> <p>The experiment S<sub>950,1.6</sub> was conducted and analysed by <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/ffe.13335">Breitbarth et al. (FFEMS, 2020)</a>.</p>
Business load profiles used in "Maximising the benefits of renewable energy infrastructure in displacement settings: Optimising the operation of a solar-hybrid mini-grid for institutional and business users in Mahama Refugee Camp, Rwanda"
<p>Version used in the submission of "Maximising the benefits of renewable energy infrastructure in displacement settings: Optimising the operation of a solar-hybrid mini-grid for institutional and business users in Mahama Refugee Camp, Rwanda" by Hamish Beath, Javier Baranda Alonso, Richard Mori, Ajay Gambhir, Jenny Nelson and Philip Sandwell.</p>
Dataset of the research article "A semi-automated analysis of displacement-to-length scaling of the grabens affecting lunar Floor-Fractured craters"
<p>This dataset includes all the raster data (DEM, orthoimage, slope) and vectors (shapefiles) used in our research, investigating the relationships between displacement and length of the faults affecting Lunar Floor-Fractured craters.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.