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125 results for “GCE LTER”
Porewater chemistry measurements from the GCE-LTER Seawater Addition Long-Term Experiment (SALTEx) from July 2017 through July 2019.
The Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER Seawater Addition Long-Term Experiment (SALTEx) is a large-scale field experiment designed to simulate saltwater intrusion in a tidal freshwater wetland to predict how chronic (Press) and acute (Pulse) salinization will affect this and other tidal freshwater ecosystems. The SALTEx experiment was initiated in 2012 and consists of 31 field plots, each 2.5 m on a side. There are three treatments (Press, Pulse, and Fresh) and two types of controls (with and without sides), each consisting of six replicates. The Press treatment plots receive regular (4 times each week) additions of a mixture of seawater and fresh river water. Pulse plots receive the same mixture of seawater and river water during September and October, which is historically a time of low flow in the river when natural saltwater intrusion occurs. The Fresh treatment plots receive regular additions of fresh river water. Treatment water is added during low tide to facilitate its infiltration into the soil, and all plots are inundated by astronomical tides at high tide. Response measurements include porewater chemistry, specifically concentrations of chloride, sulfate, sulfide, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), ammonium-N, nitrate/nitrite-N, dissolved reactive phosphorus, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, organic nitrogen, carbon:nitrogen (C:N) ratio, organic-carbon:organic-nitrogen ratio, and pH. Samples of source water were taken after collection (seawater, river water) or mixing (mixed seawater and river water in tanks) and analyzed for concentrations of dissolved reactive phosphorus, total phosphorus, ammonium-N, nitrate/nitrite-N, total nitrogen, organic nitrogen. Source water samples from 2016 and beyond also included measurements of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), carbon:nitrogen ratio, organic-carbon:organic-nitrogen ratio, chloride and sulfate.
Soil salinity at GCE-LTER vegetation monitoring plots in October 2016
Soil samples were collected in conjunction with Fall 2016 plant monitoring at half of the permanent vegetation monitoring plots in the creekbank and midmarsh zones at 10 GCE study sites. Pore-water salinity was determined by analysis of supernatant salinity in dried soil samples hydrated with a measured volume of deionized water.
Soil salinity at GCE-LTER vegetation monitoring plots in October 2017
Soil samples were collected in conjunction with Fall 2017 plant monitoring at half of the permanent vegetation monitoring plots in the creekbank and midmarsh zones at 10 GCE study sites. Pore-water salinity was determined by analysis of supernatant salinity in dried soil samples hydrated with a measured volume of deionized water.
Soil salinity at GCE-LTER vegetation monitoring plots in October 2018
Soil samples were collected in conjunction with Fall 2018 plant monitoring at half of the permanent vegetation monitoring plots in the creekbank and midmarsh zones at 10 GCE study sites. Pore-water salinity was determined by analysis of supernatant salinity in dried soil samples hydrated with a measured volume of deionized water.
Soil salinity at GCE-LTER vegetation monitoring plots in October 2019
Soil samples were collected in conjunction with Fall 2019 plant monitoring at half of the permanent vegetation monitoring plots in the creekbank and midmarsh zones at 10 GCE study sites. Pore-water salinity was determined by analysis of supernatant salinity in dried soil samples hydrated with a measured volume of deionized water.
Grasshopper counts and feeding damage at the GCE-LTER Seawater Addition Long-Term Experiment (SALTEx) in 2016
Grasshopper abundance and feeding damage were investigated at the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems (GCE) LTER Seawater Addition Long-Term Experiment (SALTEx) study area approximately monthly in 2016. We conducted visual surveys in each replicate plot and counted 3 species of grasshopper (Romalea, Leptysma, Orchelimum) and scored grasshopper feeding damage on 2 species of plants (Zizaniopsis, Pontederia).
Survey of adult and juvenile periwinkle snail (Littoraria irrorata) density in mid-marsh and creekbank plots at GCE LTER study sites in October 2019.
To characterize spatial variation in the adult and juvenile density of periwinkle snails, Littoraria irrorata, within two zones in the salt marsh, the mid-marsh and creekbank, and across a gradient in salinity and distance to ocean, we surveyed snail density in October 2019. In each marsh zone at each GCE LTER permanent monitoring site, we counted the number of adult and juvenile snails in 8 creekbank and 12 mid-marsh replicate quadrats.
Leaf area index for Spartina alterniflora near the GCE-LTER Flux Tower in 2018 and 2019
Leaf area index (LAI) was measured at permanent vegetation plots located in the GCE-LTER Flux Tower site for short and medium form Spartina alterniflora. LAI data were collected using a handheld ceptometer in 2018 and 2019.
Eddy covariance 30-minute CO2 fluxes with accompanying biophysical variables from the GCE-LTER flux tower site from December 2018 to January 2020
Eddy covariance (EC) CO2 fluxes from December 2018 to January 2020 collected over a Spartina alterniflora marsh located on the western side of Sapelo Island bounded by the Duplin River and Barn Creek. EC fluxes were processed in EddyPro 7. Additional biophysical variables included are air temperature, relative humidity, vapor pressure deficit, soil temperature, and water table height from a nearby tidal creek.
Long-term Atmospheric, Soil and Water Sensor Data from the GCE-LTER Eddy Covariance Flux Tower on Sapelo Island, Georgia
Long-term measurements of various atmospheric, soil and water properties were made using electronic sensors attached to the GCE-LTER eddy covariance flux tower deployed in a Spartina alterniflora salt marsh on Sapelo Island, Georgia. Variables measured include air and water temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, wind speed and direction, soil temperature, water pressure and solar radiation components (i.e. incident and reflected photosynthetically available, total, long-wave and shortwave radiation). Measurements were logged at 5 minute intervals using multiple Campbell Scientific Instruments CR3000 data loggers, and then combined into a single monotonic time series data set. Quality control analyses were performed to remove values deemed invalid due to sensor failure or miscalibration and to assign Q/C qualifiers to values outside expected ranges or failing various sanity and quality checks of the data. Note that some measurements were spatially replicated with multiple sensors deployed in different micro-habitats (e.g. at the tower and in a nearby marsh platform or creek). Sensors were also added to the tower at various times after the initial installation, therefore some variables do not span the entire period of record. Measurements at this site are ongoing, and the data set will be updated annually to include additional observations.
Long-term Meteorological Data from the GCE-LTER Eddy Covariance Flux Tower on Sapelo Island, Georgia
Long-term measurements of key meteorological variables were made using electronic sensors attached to the GCE-LTER eddy covariance flux tower deployed in a Spartina alterniflora salt marsh on Sapelo Island, Georgia. Variables measured include air temperature, relative humidity, precipitation, wind speed, wind direction, photosynthetically-available and total solar radiation. Measurements were logged at 5 minute intervals using a Campbell Scientific Instruments CR3000 data logger then re-scaled to 15 minute and daily interval data sets. Quality control analyses were performed to remove values deemed invalid due to sensor failure or miscalibration, and to assign Q/C qualifiers to values outside expected ranges or failing various sanity and quality checks of the data. Measurements began in 2013; however, the total solar pyranometer was not installed until 2018 and minimum and maximum 5 minute air temperature were not added until 2019 so not all variables span the complete period of record. Measurements are continuing at this site and this data set will be updated annually to include additional observations.
Survey of adult and juvenile periwinkle snail (Littoraria irrorata) density in mid-marsh and creekbank plots at GCE LTER study sites in October 2020.
To characterize spatial variation in the adult and juvenile density of periwinkle snails, Littoraria irrorata, within two zones in the salt marsh, the mid-marsh and creekbank, and across a gradient in salinity and distance to ocean, we surveyed snail density in October 2020. In each marsh zone at each GCE LTER permanent monitoring site, we counted the number of adult and juvenile snails in 8 creekbank and 12 mid-marsh replicate quadrats.
Fall 2020 grasshopper monitoring -- mid-marsh grasshopper abundance and species diversity at eight GCE LTER sampling sites
Grasshopper abundance and species diversity were investigated at eight sampling sites within the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems (GCE) LTER study area in July 2020. Visual surveys were conducted along 8 2m by 10m transects randomly allocated within the mid-marsh zone at each site. All grasshoppers observed within each transect were counted and identified to species, if possible. This survey was conducted as part of the GCE invertebrate monitoring program, and will be performed annually to assess long-term changes in relative species abundances across the GCE study area.
GCE-LTER Altamaha River Plant Community Monitoring Survey in October 2020
A quadrat survey was conducted in October 2020 to measure the species and size distribution of plants at 3 sampling sites on the creekbank of the Altamaha River. The sites were chosen to capture the transition from Spartina alterniflora to Spartina cynosuroides (site SCSA) and the transition from Spartina cynosuroides to Zizaniopsis miliacea (sites ZSC1 and ZSC2). The quadrats were established as permanent plots in October 2012 by placing PVC stakes along the creekbank at each site. Plots were evenly spaced, but were not randomly located because the goal was to start with mixtures of vegetation in most of the plots, and vegetation was distributed in patches along the creekbanks. Therefore, these plots provide useful measures of vegetation change, but are not a random sample of the vegetation at the site. Plots will be replaced each year as necessary to replace any lost to disturbance. The plots were visually surveyed and the species, shoot height, and flowering status was recorded individually for each shoot over 10 cm in height present in each plot. Observations from plots exhibiting signs of disturbance were noted in a separate data set. This survey will be repeated annually to assess changes in plant distribution and biomass in relation to environmental changes documented by other GCE LTER monitoring efforts.
Fall 2021 grasshopper monitoring -- mid-marsh grasshopper abundance and species diversity at eight GCE LTER sampling sites
Grasshopper abundance and species diversity were investigated at eight sampling sites within the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems (GCE) LTER study area in August 2021. Visual surveys were conducted along 8 2m by 10m transects randomly allocated within the mid-marsh zone at each site. All grasshoppers observed within each transect were counted and identified to species, if possible. This survey was conducted as part of the GCE invertebrate monitoring program, and will be performed annually to assess long-term changes in relative species abundances across the GCE study area.
Fall 2003 grasshopper monitoring -- mid-marsh grasshopper abundance and species diversity at eight GCE LTER sampling sites
Grasshopper abundance and species diversity were investigated at eight sampling sites within the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems (GCE) LTER study area in August 2003. Visual surveys were conducted along 8 2m by 10m transects randomly allocated within the mid-marsh zone at each site. All grasshoppers observed within each transect were counted and identified to species, if possible. This survey was conducted as part of the GCE invertebrate monitoring program, and will be performed annually to assess long-term changes in relative species abundances across the GCE study area.
Fall 2004 grasshopper monitoring -- mid-marsh grasshopper abundance and species diversity at eight GCE LTER sampling sites
Grasshopper abundance and species diversity were investigated at eight sampling sites within the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems (GCE) LTER study area in August 2004. Visual surveys were conducted along 8 2m by 10m transects randomly allocated within the mid-marsh zone at each site. All grasshoppers observed within each transect were counted and identified to species, if possible. This survey was conducted as part of the GCE invertebrate monitoring program, and will be performed annually to assess long-term changes in relative species abundances across the GCE study area.
Fall 2000 soil organic content survey -- ash-free dry weight analysis for soil samples from 10 GCE LTER sampling sites
Soil core samples were collected from the permanent plots at 10 GCE LTER sampling sites in October, 2000, to survey the fractional organic content in marsh sediments. Surveys will be conducted annually to assess changes in soil organic content in response to environmental factors documented by other GCE monitoring efforts.
Soil salinity and organic content at GCE-LTER vegetation monitoring plots in October 2009
Soil samples were collected in conjunction with Fall 2009 plant monitoring at half of the permanent vegetation monitoring plots in the creekbank and midmarsh zones at 10 GCE study sites. Pore-water salinity was determined by analysis of supernatant salinity in dried soil samples hydrated with a measured volume of deionized water. Organic content was measured gravimetrically by comparing ash-free dry weight and total weight of soil samples.
Soil salinity and water content at GCE-LTER vegetation monitoring plots in October 2010
Soil samples were collected in conjunction with Fall 2010 plant monitoring at half of the permanent vegetation monitoring plots in the creekbank and midmarsh zones at 10 GCE study sites. Pore-water salinity was determined by analysis of supernatant salinity in dried soil samples hydrated with a measured volume of deionized water.
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