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865 results for “Geographic data”
Data from: Fluctuation of ecological niches and geographic range shifts along chile pepper's domestication gradient
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Data from: Functional and phylogenetic dimensions of tree biodiversity reveal unique geographic patterns
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Data from: Geographic variation in leaf traits and palatability of a native plant invader during domestic expansion
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Data from: Environmental and geographic conditions on the breeding grounds drive Bergmannian clines in nightjars
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Data from: Flight initiation distance is repeatable and geographically flexible in greylag geese (Anser anser)
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Data for: Historical and contemporary processes drive global phylogenetic structure across geographical scales: Insights from bat communities
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Data from: (Sub-)Antarctic endemic cyanobacteria from benthic mats are rare and have restricted geographic distributions
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Data from: Phylogenetic biogeography inference using dynamic paleogeography models and explicit geographic ranges
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Data from: Could adult or juvenile dispersal shape geographical parthenogenesis? Evidence from the facultatively parthenogenetic phasmid Megacrania batesii
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Data from: Geographic differences in the phenology of gonadal development and moult, but not of egg laying, are genetically based in a small songbird
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Data from: Aridity drives coordinated trait shifts but not decreased trait variance across the geographic range of eight Australian trees
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Data from: Geographic patterns in colonial reproductive strategy in Myrmecina nipponica: links between biogeography and a key polymorphism in ants
<p>The ability to express different phenotypes can help define species distributions by allowing access to, and exploitation of, new environments. Social insects employ two markedly different reproductive strategies with contrasting cost/benefit characteristics: independent colony foundation (ICF), which is associated with high dispersal range and high risk, and dependent colony foundation (DCF), characterized by low risk but low dispersal. The ant <i>Myrmecina nipponica</i> employs both of these strategies, with the frequency of each apparently varying between populations. We combine molecular data with data on reproductive strategy from different populations of this species throughout Japan to explore how this polymorphism is linked to environmental factors and if this relationship can help explain the current and historical biogeography of this species. Reproductive strategy exhibited a strong geographic pattern, with ICF predominant in southern populations and DCF more common in northern and southern highland populations. Molecular analyses clearly divided populations into broad geographic regions, with the southern-lowland populations basal to (southern-highland (+ northern)) populations. Intra-population polymorphism in colony founding strategy was widespread, and polymorphism was reconstructed as the likely ancestral state. The frequency of different strategies was linked with climate, with DCF more common in colder areas. A recent inferred origin to the northern lineage suggests that colonization of northern Japan was a rapid event coincident with warming at the end of the last glacial maxima, likely facilitated by the cold-adaptive advantages of DCF. We discuss how such polymorphisms could help explain the biogeography of this and other social insects.</p>
Data from: Expressed mutational load increases towards the edge of a species' geographic range
There is no general explanation for why species have restricted geographic distributions. One hypothesis posits that range expansion or increasing scarcity of suitable habitat result in accumulation of mutational load due to enhanced genetic drift, which constrains population performance towards range limits and further expansion. We tested this hypothesis in the North American plant, Arabidopsis lyrata. We experimentally assessed mutational load by crossing plants of 20 populations from across the entire species range and by raising the offspring of within- and between-population crosses at five common garden sites within and beyond the range. Offspring performance was tracked over three growing seasons. The heterosis effect, depicting expressed mutational load, was increased in populations with heightened genomic estimates of load, longer expansion distance or long-term isolation, and a selfing mating system. The decline in performance of within-population crosses amounted to 80%. Mutation accumulation due to past range expansion and long-term isolation of populations in the area of range margins is therefore a strong determinant of population-mean performance, and the magnitude of effect may be sufficient to cause range limits.
Data from: Sierra Nevada mountain lake microbial communities are structured by temperature, resources, and geographic location
<p><span>Warming, eutrophication (nutrient fertilization) and brownification (increased loading of allochthonous organic matter) are three global trends impacting lake ecosystems. However, the independent and synergistic effects of resource addition and warming on autotrophic and heterotrophic microorganisms are largely unknown. In this study, we investigate the independent and interactive effects of temperature, dissolved organic carbon (DOC, both allochthonous and autochthonous), and nitrogen (N) supply, in addition to the effect of spatial variables, on the composition, richness, and evenness of prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbial communities in lakes across elevation and N deposition gradients in the Sierra Nevada mountains of California, USA. We found that both prokaryotic and eukaryotic communities are structured by temperature, terrestrial (allochthonous) DOC and latitude. Prokaryotic communities are also influenced by total and aquatic (autochthonous) DOC, while eukaryotic communities are also structured by nitrate. Additionally, increasing N availability was associated with reduced richness of prokaryotic communities, and both lower richness and evenness of eukaryotes. We did not detect any synergistic or antagonistic effects as there were no interactions among temperature and resource variables. Together, our results suggest that (a) organic and inorganic resources, temperature, and geographic location (based on latitude and longitude) independently influence lake microbial communities; and (b) increasing N supply due to atmospheric N deposition may reduce richness of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbes, likely by reducing niche dimensionality. Our study provides insight into abiotic processes structuring microbial communities across environmental gradients and their potential roles in material and energy fluxes within and between ecosystems.</span></p>
Data from: A resurrection study reveals limited evolution of thermal performance in response to recent climate change across the geographic range of the scarlet monkeyflower
<p>Evolutionary rescue can prevent populations from declining under climate change, and should be more likely at high-latitude, "leading" edges of species' ranges due to greater temperature anomalies and gene flow from warm-adapted populations. Using a resurrection study with seeds collected before and after a seven-year period of record warming, we tested for thermal adaptation in the scarlet monkeyflower <i>Mimulus</i> <i>cardinalis</i>. We grew ancestors and descendants from northern-edge, central, and southern-edge populations across eight temperatures. Despite recent climate anomalies, populations showed limited evolution of thermal performance curves. However, one southern population evolved a narrower thermal performance breadth by 1.31 °C, which matches the direction and magnitude of the average decrease in seasonality experienced. Consistent with the climate variability hypothesis, thermal performance breadth increased with temperature seasonality across the species' geographic range. Inconsistent with performance trade-offs between low and high temperatures across populations, we did not detect a positive relationship between thermal optimum and mean temperature. These findings fail to support the hypothesis that evolutionary response to climate change is greatest at the leading edge, and suggest that the evolution of thermal performance is unlikely to rescue most populations from the detrimental effects of rapidly changing climate.</p>
Data from: Disentangling the effects of geographic peripherality and habitat suitability on neutral and adaptive genetic variation in Swiss stone pine
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>It is generally accepted that the spatial distribution of neutral genetic diversity within a species' native range mostly depends on effective population size, demographic history, and geographic position. However, it is unclear how genetic diversity at adaptive loci correlates with geographic peripherality or with habitat suitability within the ecological niche. Using exome-wide genomic data and distribution maps of the Alpine range, we first tested whether geographic peripherality correlates with four measures of population genetic diversity at >17,000 SNP loci in 24 Alpine populations (480 individuals) of Swiss stone pine (<i>Pinus cembra</i>) from Switzerland. To distinguish between neutral and adaptive SNP sets, we used four approaches (two gene diversity estimates, <i>F</i><sub>ST</sub> outlier test, and environmental association analysis) that search for signatures of selection. Second, we established ecological niche models for <i>P. cembra</i> in the study range and investigated how habitat suitability correlates with genetic diversity at neutral and adaptive loci. All estimates of neutral genetic diversity decreased with geographic peripherality, but were uncorrelated with habitat suitability. However, heterozygosity (<i>H</i><sub>e</sub>) at adaptive loci based on Tajima's <i>D</i> declined significantly with increasingly suitable conditions. No other diversity estimates at adaptive loci were correlated with habitat suitability. Our findings suggest that populations at the edge of a species' geographic distribution harbour limited neutral genetic diversity due to demographic properties. Moreover, we argue that populations from suitable habitats went through strong selection processes, are thus well adapted to local conditions, and therefore exhibit reduced genetic diversity at adaptive loci compared to populations at niche margins.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Solar panels and solar farms in the UK - geographic open data (UKPVGeo)
<p>We present the results of a major crowd-sourcing campaign to create open geographic data for over 260,000 solar PV installations across the UK, covering the vast majority of the capacity in the country. We focus in particular on capturing small-scale domestic solar PV, which accounts for a significant fraction of generation but was until now very poorly documented.</p> <p>The data we introduce will enable decarbonisation at national scales, through forecasting and management of generation, and also serves as a training dataset for machine vision detection of new PV.</p> <p>For a complete description please see <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-020-00739-0">the research paper describing the dataset</a>. Please cite this paper in any academic use of the data.</p>
Data from: Geographic location and food availability offer differing levels of influence on the bacterial communities associated with larval sea urchins
Determining the factors underlying the assembly, structure, and diversity of symbiont communities remains a focal point of animal-microbiome research. Much of these efforts focus on taxonomic variation of microbiota within or between animal populations, but rarely test the proportional impacts of ecological components that may affect animal-associated microbiota. Using larvae from the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis from the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, we test the hypothesis that, under natural conditions, inter-population differences in the composition of larval-associated bacterial communities are larger than intra-population variation due to a heterogeneous feeding environment. Despite significant differences in bacterial community structure within each S. droebachiensis larval population based on food availability, development, phenotype, and time, variation in OTU membership and community composition correlated more strongly with geographic location. Moreover, 20-30% of OTUs associated with larvae were specific to a single location while less than 10% were shared. Taken together, these results suggest that inter-populational variation in symbiont communities may be more pronounced than intra-populational variation, and that this difference may suggest that broad scale ecological variables (e.g., across ocean basins) may mask smaller scale ecological variables (e.g., food availability).
Influence of Atmospheric Parameters on Human Mortality data at Different Geographical Levels. Script and DataBase
<p>The script and dataBase uploaded was developed to assess the association between human mortality data (segregated by age groups and sex) with meteorological and air pollutant covariates at three geographical levels: country, macro-climate regions, and county. The modeling was based on a generalized linear modeling framework, and it takes into account the common characteristic of overdispersion in human mortality data through the application of negative binomial distribution.</p>
Data for the paper: An energetic view on the geographical dependence of the fast aerosol radiative effects on precipitation
<p>This is the data presented in "An energetic view on the geographical dependence of the fast aerosol radiative effects on precipitation", Dagan et al 2021 JGR.</p> <p>names of files:</p> <p>*aqua* is for aqua-planet simulations, while *AMIP* is for AMIP simulations. *id* is for the simulations with the idealised aerosol perturbations in AMIP type of simulations. sur* are for surface variables, while d_*zonal* and d_mar* present the devotion zonal and meridional cross-sections as in the paper </p> <p>The names of the variables are as in the paper. </p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.