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317 results for “Hierarchy”
Love thy neighbour? Tropical tree growth and its response to climate anomalies is mediated by neighbourhood hierarchy and dissimilarity in carbon and water related traits
<div> <div>Data and R code to reproduce all analyses, figures and tables for Krebber et al. 2024, Ecology Letters:<br>Love thy neighbour? Tropical tree growth and its response to climate anomalies is mediated by neighbourhood hierarchy and dissimilarity in carbon and water related traits. </div> <div> </div> <div>All analyses have been conducted and produced in the R environment (R version 4.1.2; R Core Team, 2021; RStudio Team, 2020). Bayesian hierarchical models have been run using the R package brms (Version 2.19.0; Bürkner, 2017). The data and R files containing the code to reproduce the results, figures and tables are described in the README file and code in more detailed is described in <em>RCode_xxx</em> files. Please note that the analyses are highly computational intensive and the scripts should be run on a high performance cluster (models and scripts running models and handeling model outputs presented here have been run with 16 cpus and with 50 - 100 GB of RAM). Packages needed are loaded at the beginning of each script. Please ensure that these and all their dependencies have been previously installed. The R code in the files has been carefully commented.</div> </div>
Data from: Trait hierarchies are stronger than trait dissimilarities in structuring spatial co-occurrence patterns of common tree species in a subtropical forest
<p>1. The dissimilarity and hierarchy of trait values that characterize niche and fitness differences, respectively, have been increasingly applied to infer mechanisms driving community assembly and to explain species co-occurrence patterns. Here, we predict that limiting similarity should result in the spatial segregation of functionally similar species, while functionally similar species will be more likely to co-occur either due to environmental filtering or competitive exclusion of inferior competitors (hereafter hierarchical competition).</p> <p>2. We used a fully mapped 50-ha subtropical forest plot in southern China to explore how pairwise spatial associations between saplings and between adult trees were influenced by trait dissimilarity and hierarchy in order to gain insight into assembly mechanisms. We assessed pairwise spatial associations using two summary statistics of spatial point patterns at different spatial scales and compared the effects of trait dissimilarity and trait hierarchy of different functional traits on the interspecific spatial associations. These comparisons allow us to disentangle the effects of limiting similarity, environmental filtering and hierarchical competition on species co-occurrence.</p> <p>3. We found that trait dissimilarity was generally negatively related with interspecific spatial associations for both saplings and adult trees across spatial scales, meaning that species with similar trait values were more likely to co-occur and thus supporting environmental filtering or hierarchical competition. We further found that trait hierarchy outweighed trait dissimilarity in structuring pairwise spatial associations, suggesting that hierarchical competition played a more important role in structuring our forest community than environmental filtering across life stages.</p> <p>4. This study employed a novel method, by offering the integration of pairwise spatial association and trait dissimilarity as well as trait hierarchy, to disentangle the relative importance of multiple assembly mechanisms in structuring co-occurrence patterns, especially the mechanisms of environmental filtering and hierarchical competition, which lead to indistinguishable co-occurrence patterns. This study also reinforced the importance of trait hierarchy rather than trait dissimilarity in driving neighborhood competition.</p>
Hierarchy of fear: experimentally testing ungulate reactions to lion, African wild dog and cheetah
<p>Experiments have begun demonstrating that the fear (antipredator responses) large carnivores inspire in ungulates can shape ecosystem structure and function. Most such experiments have focused on the impacts of either just one large carnivore, or all as a whole, rather than the different impacts different large carnivores may have in intact multi-predator-prey systems. Experimentally testing the relative fearfulness ungulates demonstrate toward different large carnivores is a necessary first step in addressing these likely differing impacts. We tested the fearfulness ungulates demonstrated to audio playbacks of lions (<em>Panthera leo</em>), African wild dogs (<em>Lycaon pictus</em>), cheetahs (<em>Acinonyx jubatus</em>) or non-predator controls (birds), in Greater Kruger National Park, South Africa. Ungulates ran more to lions than wild dogs and more to wild dogs than cheetahs, demonstrating a very clear hierarchy of fear. Those that did not run were vigilant (looked toward the sound) more upon hearing large carnivores than controls, being most vigilant to lions. Notably, predator prey preferences did not predict the patterns observed. Our results demonstrate that different large carnivores inspire different levels of fear in their ungulate prey, pointing to differing community-level impacts, which we discuss in relation to the ongoing worldwide decline and loss of large carnivores.</p>
Exploring Hierarchy and Dependency of Rules for Consistency Checking Between Code and Model (Evaluation Data)
<p>This repository contains the data related to the protocol and results of the evaluation conducted on the HiDeoCR approach. </p>
Videos from the paper "Best-of-N collective decisions on a hierarchy"
<p>Videos of the experiments performed with 100 agents in a square environment, with different hierarchical structures and different complexity of the decision making</p>
CESM2 data for "Ocean complexity shapes sea surface temperature variability in a CESM2 coupled model hierarchy" - submitted to JCLI
<p><strong>CESM2 Experiment names:</strong></p> <ul> <li>FC = fully coupled model, CESM2 (variables freely available on https://esgf-node.llnl.gov/search/cmip6/)</li> <li>MD = mechanically decoupled model, CESM2</li> <li>SOM = slab ocean model, CESM2</li> </ul> <p>All datasets are for pre-industrial forcing (e.g., piControl), nominal 1-degree horizontal resolution </p> <p>---</p> <p>Decoding the files names:</p> <ul> <li><strong>climatology_monthly </strong>= 12 month climatology </li> <li><strong>climatology_annual</strong> = time mean climatology</li> <li><strong>variance</strong> = anomaly variance computed over time</li> </ul> <p>---</p> <p>Variables:</p> <ul> <li><strong>PRECL</strong> = large-scale convective precipitation</li> <li><strong>PRECC</strong> = convective precipitation</li> <li><strong>total precipitation (not provided but can be calculated)</strong> = PRECC + PRECL</li> <li><strong>HMXL</strong> = mixed layer depth</li> <li><strong>SST</strong> = sea surface temperature </li> </ul> <p><strong>Files for the CESM2 MD piControl run:</strong></p> <ol> <li>forcing_coupled.F90: POP2 (ocean) source code changes for cesm2.1.4-rc08 (search for "slarson" throughout code to find our changes</li> <li>cesm2.1.4-exp03-CTRL_B1850_f09_g17_hourlyclim_TAUX.nc: 6 hourly climatology for TAUX, from a FC run of CESM2. This file and the TAUY climatology are opened and read in the "rotate wind stress" subroutine in forcing_coupled.F90. This file is named "x2oavg_Foxx_taux_6hourly.nc" in forcing_coupled (we wanted a shorter file name in the code)</li> <li>cesm2.1.4-exp03-CTRL_B1850_f09_g17_hourlyclim_TAUY.nc: 6 hourly climatology for TAUY. This file is named "x2oavg_Foxx_tauy_6hourly.nc" in forcing_coupled (we wanted a shorter file name in the code) </li> </ol> <p> </p>
Datset with answers for Impact assessment of vernacular settlements using an Analytic Hierarchy Process approach
<p>This repository contains the survey responses from a group of experts for the purpose of gather their judgement on how ongoing transformation process in selected villages of the Montesinho Natural Park in Portugal, affect the authenticity of the buildings. The questions were formulated following the methodology described for implementing an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP).</p> <p>The data contains a PDF with the questions given to the experts and an Excel file with their answers. </p>
Data from: Native plant traits and invasibility of restored communities: Importance of environmental context and trait hierarchies
<p>During community assembly, theory predicts trait convergence among species due to environmental filtering, and trait divergence due to biotic filtering. Learning how traits of non-native species enable them to overcome these filters informs the process of invasion.<strong> </strong>We manipulated mixtures of native plants in a large restoration project in Southern California that was initially dominated by non-native annual grasses and forbs but was restored to a mixture of native shrubs, grasses, and forbs. We measured subsequent establishment and performance by three non-native species (<em>Brassica nigra</em>, <em>Salsola tragus,</em> and <em>Sonchus oleraceus</em>) on N- and S-facing slopes to investigate relationships between the abiotic environment, native community composition, and invasibility in the context of trait-driven ecological filters. We then evaluated which community metrics influenced invader performance and tested whether relationships between invader performance and community-weighted traits varied depending on slope aspect. Plots with slow-growing native shrubs contained less of the fast-growing invasive, <em>Brassica nigra</em>. Invasibility was greatest in native communities restored with native grass and on N-facing slopes. Traits of individual species indicated relatively greater biotic as compared to environmental filtering. For example, abundance of <em>Phacelia cicutaria</em>, a native annual with traits most like invasive <em>Brassica nigra</em>, was negatively correlated with abundance of that invasive. Several community-weighted trait metrics were also significantly related to invasibility, but the direction of the relationship varied depending on the specific functional trait, community-weighted trait measure (mean or dispersion), invader, and slope aspect. The native functional group that was more likely to prevent invasion by non-native annual species (native shrubs) was different from the single species that most prevented invasion (a native forb). In restoration planning, functional groups and trait values of individual species may point to different mixtures of native species that prevent invasion by specific non-natives, depending on priority effects. Understanding the priority effects and trait hierarchies that underly biotic filtering appears critical to interpreting community-weighted traits and their complexity of responses to environmental variation in space and time. </p>
Dataset — Revealing the hierarchy of processes and time scales that control the tropic response of shoots to gravi-stimulations
<p>Dataset and python notebook used to produce the figures in the article "Revealing the hierarchy of processes and time scales that control the tropic response of shoots to gravi-stimulations" submited to JexpBot.</p> <p>You can interact directly with the data and python notebook using Binder!</p> <p><a href="https://mybinder.org/v2/git/https%3A%2F%2Fframagit.org%2Fhchauvet%2FDataset_Chauvet-et-Al19/62e33bc0963005fb1483788aa525e92563a6fd16?filepath=Description.ipynb"> Interact with data in Binder</a></p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Data are also in a git repository:</strong></p> <p><a href="https://framagit.org/hchauvet/Dataset_Chauvet-et-Al19">https://framagit.org/hchauvet/Dataset_Chauvet-et-Al19</a></p>
EOL Dynamic Hierarchy: Dynamic Hierarchy Version 2.2
<p>EOL Dynamic Hierarchy Version 2.2</p> <p>The Encyclopedia of Life (EOL, eol.org) aggregates biodiversity information from more than 400 sources and provides access to the data through taxon pages, visual query and application programming interfaces. Scientific names are essential elements of the data integration infrastructure, but their shortcomings as key identifiers are well documented (Patterson et al., 2016). Complex automated workflows and continuous manual curation are required to address idiosyncrasies of source taxonomies, variation in data quality, and conflicting taxonomic opinions. To achieve a harmonized taxonomic view of EOL content, names from data sources are mapped to a dynamic reference hierarchy using an algorithm that leverages canonical name strings, hierarchical information (ancestry, descendants), taxonomic ranks, synonym data, and author strings. Names that cannot be associated with a reference taxon are still accessible, but their unmapped status excludes them and any associated content from certain core EOL functions. For more information about the EOL taxonomy, see <a title="EOL Dynamic Hierarchy" href="https://eol.org/docs/eol-dynamic-hierarchy">EOL Dynamic Hierarchy</a>.</p>
EOL Dynamic Hierarchy: Dynamic Hierarchy Version 2.1.1
Currently active Dynamic Hierarchy and archived versions. For more information, see: <p></p>https://eol.org/docs/eol-dynamic-hierarchy<p></p>The Encyclopedia of Life (EOL, eol.org) aggregates biodiversity information from more than 400 sources and provides access to the data through taxon pages, visual query and application programming interfaces. Scientific names are essential elements of the data integration infrastructure, but their shortcomings as key identifiers are well documented (Patterson et al., 2016). Complex automated workflows and continuous manual curation are required to address idiosyncrasies of source taxonomies, variation in data quality, and conflicting taxonomic opinions. To achieve a harmonized taxonomic view of EOL content, names from data sources are mapped to a dynamic reference hierarchy ([see current version here](<p></p>https://opendata.eol.org/dataset/tram-807-808-809-810-dh-v1-1/resource/00adb47b-57ed-4f6b-8f66-83bfdb5120e8)) using an algorithm that leverages canonical name strings, hierarchical information (ancestry, descendants), taxonomic ranks, synonym data, and author strings. Names that cannot be associated with a reference taxon are still accessible, but their unmapped status excludes them and any associated content from certain core EOL functions. For more information about the EOL taxonomy, see [EOL Dynamic Hierarchy](<p></p>https://eol.org/docs/eol-dynamic-hierarchy)
EOL Dynamic Hierarchy: EOL Dynamic Hierarchy 2.1 with eolIDs, authorities & higher classification
Currently active Dynamic Hierarchy and archived versions. For more information, see: <p></p>https://eol.org/docs/eol-dynamic-hierarchy<p></p>The Encyclopedia of Life (EOL, eol.org) aggregates biodiversity information from more than 400 sources and provides access to the data through taxon pages, visual query and application programming interfaces. Scientific names are essential elements of the data integration infrastructure, but their shortcomings as key identifiers are well documented (Patterson et al., 2016). Complex automated workflows and continuous manual curation are required to address idiosyncrasies of source taxonomies, variation in data quality, and conflicting taxonomic opinions. To achieve a harmonized taxonomic view of EOL content, names from data sources are mapped to a dynamic reference hierarchy ([see current version here](<p></p>https://opendata.eol.org/dataset/tram-807-808-809-810-dh-v1-1/resource/00adb47b-57ed-4f6b-8f66-83bfdb5120e8)) using an algorithm that leverages canonical name strings, hierarchical information (ancestry, descendants), taxonomic ranks, synonym data, and author strings. Names that cannot be associated with a reference taxon are still accessible, but their unmapped status excludes them and any associated content from certain core EOL functions. For more information about the EOL taxonomy, see [EOL Dynamic Hierarchy](<p></p>https://eol.org/docs/eol-dynamic-hierarchy)
EOL Dynamic Hierarchy Lizards Patch (LIZ): EOL Dynamic Hierarchy Lizards Patch
<p>Squamata sans Serpentes. Hierarchy (following Ananjeva 2019, Conrad & Norell 2007, Pyron 2017, Pyron et al. 2013, Reeder et al. 2015, Streicher & Wiens 2017, Zheng & Wiens 2016), extinct taxa (main source: <a href="<p></p>http://www.paleobiodb.org/">Paleobiology Database</a>), additions & corrections for Recent taxa (main source: <a href="<p></p>http://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/">Reptile Database</a>) to complement Catalogue of Life coverage.</p> <p>Data sources:</p> <p>Alifanov, V.R. 1988. The new lizards (Lacertilia: Teiidae) from the Upper Cretaceous of Mongolia. In F. Kurochkin (ed.), Fossil reptiles and birds of Mongolia.</p> <p>Alifanov, V.R. 1989. [New priscagamas (Lacertilia) from the Upper Cretaceous of Mongolia and their systematic position in the Iguania]. Paleontologiceskij Zhurnal 4:73-87.</p> <p>Alifanov, V.R. 1993. New lizards of the family Macrocephalosauridae (Sauria) from the Upper Cretaceous of Mongolia, critical remarks on the systematics of the Teiidae. Paleontological Journal 27(1):70-90.</p> <p>Alifanov, V.R. 1996. Lizards of the families Priscagamidae and Hoplocercidae (Sauria, Iguania): phylogenetic position and new representatives from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia. Paleontological Journal 30(4):466-483.</p> <p>Alifanov, V.R. 2000. Macrocephalosaurs and the early evolution of lizards of Central Asia. Transactions of the Palaeontological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences 272.</p> <p>Alifanov, V.R. 2000. The fossil record of Cretaceous lizards from Mongolia. In M.J. Benton, M.A. Shishkin, D.M. Unwin, & E N. Kurichkin (eds.), The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia.</p> <p>Alifanov, V.R. 2009. New acrodont lizards (Lacertilia) from the Middle Eocene of southern Mongolia. Paleontological Journal 43(6):675-685.</p> <p>Alifanov, V.R. 2012. Lizards of the family Arretosauridae Gilmore, 1943 (Iguanomorpha, Iguania) from the Paleogene of Mongolia. Paleontological Journal 46(4):412-420.</p> <p>Alifanov, V.R. 2013. Desertiguana gobiensis gen. et sp. nov., a new lizard (Phrynosomatidae, Iguanomorpha) from the Upper Cretaceous of Mongolia. Paleontological Journal 47(4):417-424.</p> <p>Alifanov, V.R. 2016. Lizards of the family Hodzhakuliidae (Scincomorpha) from the lower Cretaceous of Mongolia. Paleontol. J. 50:504–513. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031030116050038">https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031030116050038 </a></p> <p>Alifanov, V.R. 2018. A New Platynotan Lizard (Parasaniwidae, Anguimorpha) from the Late Paleocene of Southern Mongolia. Paleontological Journal 52(12):1432-1435.</p> <p>Ananjeva, N.B. 2019. Current State of the Problems in the Phylogeny of Squamate Reptiles (Squamata, Reptilia). Biol Bull Rev 9:119–128. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1134/S2079086419020026">https://doi.org/10.1134/S2079086419020026 </a></p> <p>Apesteguía, S., J.D. Daza, T.R. Simões, J.C. Rage. 2016. The first iguanian lizard from the Mesozoic of Africa. Royal Society Open Science 3:160462:1-13.</p> <p>Arnold, E.N., D. Azar, I. Ineich, A. Nel. 2002. The oldest reptile in amber: a 120 million year old lizard from Lebanon. Journal of Zoology 258:7-10.</p> <p>Augé, M.L. 2003. La faune de Lacertilia (Reptilia, Squamata) de l__Éocène inférieur de Prémontré (Bassin de Paris, France). Geodiversitas 25(3):539-574.</p> <p>Augé, M.L. 2005. Evolution des lézards du Paléogène en Europe. Mémoires du Muséum national d__histoire naturelle 192:1-369.</p> <p>Augé, M.L. 2007. Past and present distribution of iguanid lizards. Arquivos do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro 65(4):403-416.</p> <p>Augé, M.L., D. Pouit. 2012. Presence of iguanid lizards in the European Oligocene Lazarus taxa and fossil abundance. Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 183(6):653-660.</p> <p>Augé, M.L., J.-C. Rage. 2006. Herpetofaunas from the Upper Paleocene and Lower Eocene of Morocco. Annales de Paléontologie 92(3):235-253.</p> <p>Augé, M.L., R.M. Sullivan. 2006. A new genus, Paraplacosauriops (Squamata, Anguidae, Glyptosaurinae), from the Eocene of France. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 26(1):133-137.</p> <p>Augé, M.L., R. Smith. 2002. Nouveaux Lacertidae (Reptilia, Squamata) de l__Eocène inférieur européen. Belgian Journal of Zoology 131(1):3-15.</p> <p>Augé, M.L., R. Smith. 2009. An assemblage of early Oligocene lizards (Squamata) from the locality of Boutersem (Belgium), with comments on the Eocene-Oligocene transition. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 155:148-170.</p> <p>Augé, M.L. 2012. Amphisbaenians from the European Eocene: a biogeographical review. Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments 92(4):425-443.</p> <p>Augé, M.L., S. Hervet. 2009. Fossil lizards from the locality of Gannat (late Oligocene–early Miocene, France) and a revision of the genus Pseudeumeces (Squamata, Lacertidae). Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments 89:191-201.</p> <p>Averianov, A.O., P.P. Skutschas, A.V. Lopatin, S.V. Leschinskiy, A.S. Rezvyi, A.V. Fayngerts. 2005. Early Cretaceous mammals from Bol__Shoi Kemchug 3 locality in West Siberia, Russia. Russian Journal of Theriology 4(1):1-12.</p> <p>Bailon, S. 2000. Amphibiens et reptiles du Pliocène terminal d__Ahl al Oughlam (Casablanca, Maroc). Geodiversitas 22(4):539-558.</p> <p>Bailon, S., M.L. Augé. 2012. Un nouveau genre, Ragesaurus (Squamata, Anguidae, Anguinae), du Pléistocène inférieur des îles Medas (Catalogne, Espagne). Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 183(6):683-688.</p> <p>Bardet, N. 2012. The mosasaur collections of the Museum National d___Histoire Naturelle of Paris. Bulletin de la Societe Geologique de France 183(1):35-53.</p> <p>Bardet, N., X. Pereda Suberbiola, M. Iarochene, B. Bouya, M. Amaghaz. 2005. A new species of Halisaurus from the Late Cretaceous phosphates of Morocco, and the phylogenetical relationships of the Halisaurinae (Squamata: Mosasauridae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 143:447-472.</p> <p>Bardet, N., X. Pereda Suberbiola, M. Iarochene, F. Bouyahyaoui, B. Bouya, M. Amaghzaz. 2004. Mosasaurus beaugei Arambourg, 1952 (Squamata, Mosasauridae) from the Late Cretaceous phosphates of Morocco. Geobios 37:315-324.</p> <p>Bardet, N., X. Pereda Suberbiola, M. Iarochène, M. Amalik, B. Bouya. 2005. Durophagous Mosasauridae (Squamata) from the Upper Cretaceous phosphates of Morocco, with description of a new species of Globidens. Netherlands Journal of Geosciences — Geologie en Mijnbouw 84(3):167-175.</p> <p>Bardet, N., X. Pereda Suberbiola, N.-E. Jalil. 2003. A new mosasauroid (Squamata) from the Late Cretaceous (Turonian) of Morocco. Comptes Rendus Palevol 2:607-616.</p> <p>Bauer, A.M., W. Böhme, W. Weitschat. 2005. An Early Eocene gecko from Baltic amber and its implications for the evolution of gecko adhesion. Journal of Zoology 265:327-332.</p> <p>Bell, G.L., M.J. Polcyn. 2005. Dallasaurus turneri, a new primitive mosasauroid from the Middle Turonian of Texas and comments on the phylogeny of Mosasauridae (Squamata). Netherlands Journal of Geosciences 84(3):177-194.</p> <p>Berman, D.S. 1972. Hyporhina tertia, new species (Reptilia: Amphisbaenia), from the Early Oligocene (Chadronian) White River Formation of Wyoming. Annals of Carnegie Museum 44(1):1-10.</p> <p>Berman, D.S. 1973. Spathorhynchus fossorium, a middle Eocene amphisbaenian (Reptilia) from Wyoming. Copeia 1973(4):704-721.</p> <p>Berman, D.S. 1976. A new amphisbaenian (Reptilia: Amphisbaenia) from the Oligocene-Miocene John Day Formation, Oregon,. Journal of Paleontology 50(1):165-174.</p> <p>Berman, D.S. 1977. Spathorhynchus natronicus, a new species of rhineurid amphisbaenian (Reptilia) from the Early Oligocene of Wyoming. Journal of Paleontology 51(5):986-991.</p> <p>Böhme, M. 2010. Ectothermic vertebrates (Actinopterygii, Allocaudata, Urodela, Anura, Crocodylia, Squamata) from the Miocene of Sandelzhausen (Germany, Bavaria) and their implications for environment reconstruction and palaeoclimate. Paläontologische Zeitschrift 84(1):3-41.</p> <p>Bohme, W., W. Weitschat. 1998. Redescription of the Eocene lacertid lizard Nucras succinea Boulenger, 1917 from Baltic amber and its allocation to Succinilacerta n. gen. Mitteilungen aus dem Geologisch-Paläontologischen Institut der Universität Hamburg 81:203-222.</p> <p>Bolet, A., M.L. Augé. 2014. A new miniaturized lizard from the late Eocene of France and Spain. The Anatomical Record 297(3):505-515.</p> <p>Bolet, A., S.E. Evans. 2010. A new lizard from the Early Cretaceous of Catalonia (Spain), and the Mesozoic lizards of the Iberian Peninsula. Cretaceous Research 31:447-457.</p> <p>Bolet, A., S.E. Evans. 2012. A tiny lizard (Lepidosauria, Squamata) from the Lower Cretaceous of Spain. Palaeontology 55(3):491-500.</p> <p>Bolet, A., J.D. Daza, M.L. Augé, A.M. Bauer. 2015. New genus and species names for the Eocene lizard Cadurcogekko rugosus Augé, 2005. Zootaxa 3985(2):265-274.</p> <p>Bolet, A., M. Delfino, J. Fortuny, S. Amécija, J.M. Robles, D.M. Alba. 2014. An Amphisbaenian Skull from the European Miocene\r\nand the Evolution of Mediterranean Worm Lizards. PLoS ONE 9(6).</p> <p>Borsuk-Bialynicka, M. 1984. Anguimorphans and related lizards from the Late Cretaceous of the Gobi Desert, Mongolia. Palaeontologia Polonica 46:5-105.</p> <p>Borsuk-Bialynicka, M. 1985. Carolinidae, a new family of xenosaurid-like lizards from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 30(3-4):151-176.</p> <p>Borsuk-Bialynicka, M. 1988. Globaura venusta gen. et sp. n. and Eoxanta lacertifrons gen. et sp. n. - non-teiid lacertoids from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 33(3):211-248.</p> <p>Borsuk-Bialynicka, M. 1990. Gobekko cretacicus gen. et sp. n., a new gekkonid lizard from the Cretaceous of the Gobi Desert. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 35(1-2):67-76.</p> <p>Borsuk-Bialynicka, M., S.M. Moody. 1984. Priscagaminae, a new subfamily of the Agamidae (Sauria) from the Late Cretaceous of the Gobi Desert. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 29:51-81.</p> <p>Borsuk-Bialynicka, M., V. Alifanov. 1991. First Asiatic __iguanid__ lizards in the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 36(3):325-342.</p> <p>Broschinksi, A., D. Sigogneau-Russell. 1996. Remarkable lizard remains from the Lower Cretaceous of Anoual (Morocco). Annales de Paléontologie (Vert.–Invert.) 82(3):147-175.</p> <p>Bullard, T.S., M.W. Caldwell. 2010. Redescription and rediagnosis of the tylosaurine mosasaur Hainosaurus pembinensis Nicholls, 1988, as Tylosaurus pembinensis (Nicholls, 1988). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 30(2):416-426.</p> <p>Caldwell, M.W. 1999. Description and phylogenetic relationships of a new species of Coniasaurus Owen, 1850 (Squamata). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 19(3):438-455.</p> <p>Caldwell, M.W. 2006. A new species of Pontosaurus (Squamata, Pythonomorpha) from the Upper Cretaceous of Lebanon and a phylogenetic analysis of Pythonomorpha. Memorie della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano 34:1-42.</p> <p>Caldwell, M.W., A. Palci. 2007. A new basal mosasauroid from the Cenomanian (U. Cretaceous) of Slovenia with a review of mosasauroid phylogeny and evolution. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 27(4):863-880.</p> <p>Caldwell, M.W., A. Palci. 2010. A new species of marine ophidiomorph lizard, Adriosaurus skrbinensis, from the Upper Cretaceous of Slovenia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 30(3):747-755.</p> <p>Caldwell, M.W., G.L. Bell. 2005. Of German princes and North American rivers: Harlan__s lost mosasaur snout rediscovered. 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Flynn (eds.), Vertebrate Paleontology in the Neotropics; the Miocene fauna of La Venta, Columbia.</p> <p>Sullivan, R.M., S.G. Lucas. 1996. Palaeoscincosaurus middletoni, new genus and species (Squamata: ?Scincidae) from the early Paleocene (Puercan) Denver Formation, Colorado. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 16(4):666-672.</p> <p>Thorn, K.M., M.N. Hutchinson, M. Archer, M.S.Y. Lee. 2019. A new scincid lizard from the Miocene of northern Australia, and the evolutionary history of social skinks (Scincidae: Egerniinae). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology.</p> <p>Thurmond, J.T. 1969. New name for the mosasaur Compressidens Dollo, 1924. Journal of Paleontology 43(5):1298. Uetz, P., P. Freed, J. Hošek, eds. 2019. The Reptile Database, http://www.reptile-database.org, accessed August 2019. </p> <p>Venczel, M. 2006. Lizards from the Late Miocene of Polgárdi (W-Hungary). Nymphaea, Folia naturae Bihariae 33:25-38.</p> <p>Venczel, M., V.A. Codrea. 2016. A new teiid lizard from the Late Cretaceous of the Hateg Basin, Romania and its phylogenetic and palaeobiogeographical relationships. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 14(3):219-237.</p> <p>Vianey-Liaud, M., B. Comte, B. Marandat, S. Peigné, J.-C. Rage, J. Sudre. 2014. A new early late Oligocene (MP 26) continental vertebrate fauna from Saint-Privat-des-Vieux (Alès Basin, Gard, Southern France). Geodiversitas 36(4):565-622.</p> <p>Vullo, R., J.-C. Rage. 2018. The first Gondwanan borioteiioid lizard and the mid-Cretaceous dispersal event between North America and Africa. The Science of Nature 105:61:1-8.</p> <p>Wright, K.R. 1989. On the taxonomic status of Moanasaurus mangahouangae Wiffen (Squamata: Mosasauridae). Journal of Paleontology 63(1):126-127.</p> <p>Wright, K.R., S.W. Shannon. 1988. Selmasaurus russelli, a new plioplatecarpine mosasaur (Squamata, Mosasauridae) from Alabama. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 8(1):102-107.</p> <p>Wu, X.-C., D.B. Brinkman, A.P. Russell, Z.-M. Dong, P.J. Currie, L.-H. Hou, G.-H. Cul. 1993. Oldest known amphisbaenian from the upper Cretaceous of Chinese Inner Mongolia. Nature 366:57-59.</p> <p>Xu, L., X. Wu, J. Lu, S. Jia, J. Zhang, H. Pu, X. Zhang. 2014. A new lizard (Lepidosauria: Squamata) from the Upper Cretaceous of Henan, China. Acta Geologica Sinica 88:1041-1050</p> <p>Zheng, Y., J.J. Wiens. 2016. Combining phylogenomic and supermatrix approaches, and a time-calibrated phylogeny for squamate reptiles (lizards and snakes) based on 52 genes and 4162 species. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 94:537–547. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2015.10.009">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2015.10.009</a></p>
EOL Dynamic Hierarchy: Dynamic Hierarchy Version 1.2
Currently active Dynamic Hierarchy and archived versions. For more information, see: <p></p>https://eol.org/docs/eol-dynamic-hierarchy<p></p>Minor update to DH1.1. Fixed amphibian synonyms & placements of some passerine bird families. Added landmark values for families. -- This is not yet harvested. The Encyclopedia of Life (EOL, eol.org) aggregates biodiversity information from more than 400 sources and provides access to the data through taxon pages, visual query and application programming interfaces. Scientific names are essential elements of the data integration infrastructure, but their shortcomings as key identifiers are well documented (Patterson et al., 2016). Complex automated workflows and continuous manual curation are required to address idiosyncrasies of source taxonomies, variation in data quality, and conflicting taxonomic opinions. To achieve a harmonized taxonomic view of EOL content, names from data sources are mapped to a dynamic reference hierarchy ([see current version here](<p></p>https://opendata.eol.org/dataset/tram-807-808-809-810-dh-v1-1/resource/00adb47b-57ed-4f6b-8f66-83bfdb5120e8)) using an algorithm that leverages canonical name strings, hierarchical information (ancestry, descendants), taxonomic ranks, synonym data, and author strings. Names that cannot be associated with a reference taxon are still accessible, but their unmapped status excludes them and any associated content from certain core EOL functions. For more information about the EOL taxonomy, see [EOL Dynamic Hierarchy](<p></p>https://eol.org/docs/eol-dynamic-hierarchy)
EOL Dynamic Hierarchy: Dynamic Hierarchy Version 0.9
Currently active Dynamic Hierarchy and archived versions. For more information, see: <p></p>https://eol.org/docs/eol-dynamic-hierarchy<p></p>November 2017 The Encyclopedia of Life (EOL, eol.org) aggregates biodiversity information from more than 400 sources and provides access to the data through taxon pages, visual query and application programming interfaces. Scientific names are essential elements of the data integration infrastructure, but their shortcomings as key identifiers are well documented (Patterson et al., 2016). Complex automated workflows and continuous manual curation are required to address idiosyncrasies of source taxonomies, variation in data quality, and conflicting taxonomic opinions. To achieve a harmonized taxonomic view of EOL content, names from data sources are mapped to a dynamic reference hierarchy ([see current version here](<p></p>https://opendata.eol.org/dataset/tram-807-808-809-810-dh-v1-1/resource/00adb47b-57ed-4f6b-8f66-83bfdb5120e8)) using an algorithm that leverages canonical name strings, hierarchical information (ancestry, descendants), taxonomic ranks, synonym data, and author strings. Names that cannot be associated with a reference taxon are still accessible, but their unmapped status excludes them and any associated content from certain core EOL functions. For more information about the EOL taxonomy, see [EOL Dynamic Hierarchy](<p></p>https://eol.org/docs/eol-dynamic-hierarchy)
EOL Dynamic Hierarchy: Dynamic Hierarchy Version 2.1 with higher classification
Currently active Dynamic Hierarchy and archived versions. For more information, see: <p></p>https://eol.org/docs/eol-dynamic-hierarchy<p></p>The Encyclopedia of Life (EOL, eol.org) aggregates biodiversity information from more than 400 sources and provides access to the data through taxon pages, visual query and application programming interfaces. Scientific names are essential elements of the data integration infrastructure, but their shortcomings as key identifiers are well documented (Patterson et al., 2016). Complex automated workflows and continuous manual curation are required to address idiosyncrasies of source taxonomies, variation in data quality, and conflicting taxonomic opinions. To achieve a harmonized taxonomic view of EOL content, names from data sources are mapped to a dynamic reference hierarchy ([see current version here](<p></p>https://opendata.eol.org/dataset/tram-807-808-809-810-dh-v1-1/resource/00adb47b-57ed-4f6b-8f66-83bfdb5120e8)) using an algorithm that leverages canonical name strings, hierarchical information (ancestry, descendants), taxonomic ranks, synonym data, and author strings. Names that cannot be associated with a reference taxon are still accessible, but their unmapped status excludes them and any associated content from certain core EOL functions. For more information about the EOL taxonomy, see [EOL Dynamic Hierarchy](<p></p>https://eol.org/docs/eol-dynamic-hierarchy)
DH ranks: Dynamic Hierarchy Ranks (version 1.1)
<div> <div> <p>taxonRank information for dynamic hierarchy taxa: node_id resource_pk page_id taxonRank</p> <ul> <li>node_id: internal to EOL</li> <li>resource_pk: identifier according to the classification provider, in this case <a href="https://eol.org/resources/724">EOL Dynamic Hierarchy version 1.1 (#724)</a></li> <li>page_id: EOL taxon concept identifier</li> <li>taxonRank: <a href="https://terms.tdwg.org/wiki/dwc:taxonRank">dwc:taxonRank</a></li> </ul> <p>Note: taxonRank may be empty</p> <p>Rank counts:</p> <ul> <li>species-1960155</li> <li>genus-189069</li> <li>infraspecies-135995</li> <li>subspecies-22745</li> <li>family-13438</li> <li>variety-1920</li> <li>order-1638</li> <li>superfamily-1341</li> <li>subfamily-636</li> <li>[no rank/empty]-388</li> <li>class-355</li> <li>clade-222</li> <li>suborder-203</li> <li>form-191</li> <li>phylum-139</li> <li>subgenus-127</li> <li>tribe-123</li> <li>species group-83</li> <li>subclass-53</li> <li>infraorder-48</li> <li>subtribe-25</li> <li>subphylum-19</li> <li>superorder-17</li> <li>species subgroup-11</li> <li>hyporder-11</li> <li>infraclass-6</li> <li>subvariety-5</li> <li>paraphyletic group-5</li> <li>series-3</li> <li>kingdom-3</li> <li>informal group-2</li> <li>superclass-2</li> <li>domain-2</li> </ul> </div> </div> <p> </p>
EOL Dynamic Hierarchy Vespoidea Patch (VSP)
<p>Taxonomic hierarchies & species lists for Armaniidae, Bradynobaenidae, Chyphotidae, Mutillidae, Sapygidae, Scoliidae, Sierolomorphidae, Thynnidae, and Tiphiidae to complement Catalogue of Life coverage. Compiled from multiple sources:</p> <p>Baptiste, L. A., & Kimsey, L. S. (2000). New Caledonian Tiphiidae: revision of the genus Eirone (Hymenoptera: Thynninae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 9(2):395-415.</p> <p>Bartholomay PR, Williams KA, Luz DR, Morato EF. 2015. Frigitilla gen. nov., a new genus of Amazonian Mutillidae (Hymenoptera). Zootaxa 3957(1):49-58. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.3957.1.3. PMID: 26249052.</p> <p>Boni Bartalucci, M.B. 1997. Contribution to the knowledge of the Myzininae (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae). Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale "Giacomo Doria" 91:615–639.</p> <p>Boni Bartalucci, M.B. 2004. Tribe-groups of the Myzininae with special regard to the palaearctic taxa of the tribe Meriini (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae). Linzer Biologische Beiträge 36:1205–1308.</p> <p>Boni Bartalucci, M.B. 2005. Anthoboscinae and Myzininae (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae) from Madagascar. Linzer Biologische Beiträge 37:1077–1097.</p> <p>Boni Bartalucci, M.B. 2005. Third contribution to the knowledge of the Old World Myzininae (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae). Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale "Giacomo Doria" [2004-2005] 96:363-428.</p> <p>Boni Bartalucci, M.B. 2007. The Afrotropical genera of the subtribe Meriina (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae, Myzininae). Linzer Biologische Beiträge 39:1257- 1305.</p> <p>Boni Bartalucci, M.B. 2011. Myzininae of the Old World. The subtribe Braunsomeriina (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae). Linzer Biologische Beiträge 43:363-380.</p> <p>Boni Bartalucci, M.B. 2013. Afrotropical taxa of the genus Mesa Saussure 1892 (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae, Myzininae). Linzer Biologische Beiträge 45:1657-1744.</p> <p>Boni Bartalucci, M.B. 2016. Meriini from Western Palaearctic and northern Afrotropical Regions (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Myzininae): new taxa and records. Onychium 12:47-81.</p> <p>Brothers, D.J. 1971. The genera of Mutillidae (Hymenoptera) parasitic on tsetse flies (Glossina, Diptera). Journal of the Entomological Society of South Africa 34:101-102.</p> <p>Brothers, D.J. 1974. The first recent species of Protomutilla (Hymenoptera, Mutillidae: Myrmosinae). Psyche 81:268-271.</p> <p>Brothers, D.J. 1975. Phylogeny and classification of the aculeate Hymenoptera, with special reference to Mutillidae. The University of Kansas Science Bulletin 50: 483-648.</p> <p>Brothers, D.J. 1983. Identity and classification of Physetopoda, Chaetotilla and Paramyrme. Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society 563:441–445.</p> <p>Brothers, D.J. 1983. Identity of four species of Mutillidae described mistakenly as from Australia. Journal of the Entomological Society of South Africa 46:325-330.</p> <p>Brothers, D.J. 1999. Phylogeny and evolution of wasps, ants and bees (Hymenoptera, Chrysidoidea, Vespoidea and Apoidea). Zoologica Scripta 28:233-249.</p> <p>Brothers, D.J. 2018. Aglaotilla, a new genus of Australian Mutillidae (Hymenoptera) with metallic coloration. Zootaxa 4415(2):357-368. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4415.2.6.</p> <p>Brothers, D.J., Carpenter, J.M. 1993. Phylogeny of Aculeata: Chrysidoidea and Vespoidea. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 2:227-304.</p> <p>Brothers, D.J. & Finnamore A.T. 1993. Superfamily Vespoidea pp. 161-278.. In GOULET, H. & HUBER, J. eds.. Hymenoptera of the World: an identification guide to families. Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada, 668 pp.</p> <p>Brothers DJ, Lelej AS 2017. Phylogeny and higher classification of Mutillidae (Hymenoptera) based on morphological reanalyses. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 60:1-97. DOI:10.3897/jhr.60.20091</p> <p>Brown, G.R. 1983. Pentazeleboria. A New Genus of Australian Thynnini (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae). Australian Journal of Entomology 22:61–64.</p> <p>Brown, G.R. 1987. Revision of the Australian Genus Acanthothynnus Turner (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae). Australian Journal of Entomology 26:181–188.</p> <p>Brown, G.R. 1989. Revision of the Australian Genus Doratithynnus Tuner (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae). Australian Journal of Entomology 28:1–17.</p> <p>Brown, G.R. 1992. Bifidothynnus wubiniensis, a New Genus and Species of Australian Thynnini (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Thynninae). Australian Journal of Entomology 31:215–217.</p> <p>Brown, G.R. 1995. New synonyms and combinations in the genus ‘Zeleboria’ Saussure (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae). General and Applied Entomology: The Journal of the Entomological Society of New South Wales 26:9.</p> <p>Brown, G.R. 1995. Revision of the Australian wasp genus Macrothynnus Turner (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Thynninae). Records of the Western Australian Museum 17:267–275.</p> <p>Brown, G.R. 1995. Tachyphron, a New Genus of Australian Thynninae (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae). Australian Journal of Entomology 34:241–246.</p> <p>Brown, G.R. 1996. Arthrothynnus, a New Genus of Orchid-pollinating Thynninae (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae). The Beagle: Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory 13:73.</p> <p>Brown, G.R. 1996. Chilothynnus, a New Genus of Australian Thynninae (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae) Associated with Orchids. The Beagle: Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory 13:61.</p> <p>Brown, G.R. 1998. Revision of the Neozeleboria cryptoides species group of thynnine wasps (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae): Pollinators of native orchids. Australian Journal of Entomology 37:193–205.</p> <p>Brown, G.R. 2000. Caetrathynnus, Nitidothynnus and Procerothynnus, New Genera of Thynninae (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae) from Northern Australia. The Beagle: Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory 16:107.</p> <p>Brown, G.R. 2001. Status of the Ariphron generic group (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae): A critical review. Australian Journal of Entomology 40(1):23-40.</p> <p>Brown, G.R. 2005. A revision of Tachyphron Brown and description of two new genera within the Ariphron group (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae). Journal of Natural History 39: 197–239.</p> <p>Brown, G.R. 2008. Umbothynnus, a newly recognised genus for the Rhagigaster alexius Guérin group of species (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Thynninae: Rhagigasterini) from northern Australia. Zootaxa 1933:43–58.</p> <p>Brown, G.R. 2009. Description of Two New Pseudaposematic Species with a Review of Defensive Adaptations in the Subfamily Thynninae (Hymenoptera: Thynnidae). The Beagle: Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory 25:69.</p> <p>Brown, G.R. 2010. ‘Curvothynnus’ gen. nov. erected for two unusual species of thynnine wasps (Hymenoptera: Thynnidae: Thynninae: Rhagigasterini). The Beagle: Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory 26:89.</p> <p>Brown, G.R. 2011. ‘Dimorphothynnus’ (Hymenoptera: Thynnidae: Rhagigasterini) newly recorded from the Northern Territory, Australia. The Beagle: Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory 27:107.</p> <p>Brown, G.R. 2015. Rugosothynnus gen. nov. (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Thynninae: Rhagigasterini), a newly recognised Australian genus. Zootaxa 3925:361–386.</p> <p>Carnimeo, Fernando Henrique, Noll, Fernando Barbosa 2018. On the dumping ground genus Scotaena Klug, 1810 (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Thynninae): Phylogeny, taxonomy and geographic distribution. Zootaxa 4399(4): 451-490, DOI:10.11646/zootaxa.4399.4.1</p> <p>Durán-Moya, L. 1941. Die Thynniden von Chile. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte 1941:71–176.</p> <p>Elçin, G., Bariaçik, N. and M. Boni Bartalucci. 2013. New Myzinin wasps from Turkey (Hymenoptera Tiphiidae). Linzer biologische Beiträge 45(2):2155-2163.</p> <p>Genise, J. & Kimsey, L.S. 1991. New genera of South American Thynninae (Tiphiidae, Hymenoptera). Psyche: A Journal of Entomology 98:57–69. DOI:10.1155/1991/37156</p> <p>Genise, J. & Kimsey, L.S. 1993. Revision of the South American Thynninae genus Elaphroptera Guérin-Méneville (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 2:195–220.</p> <p>Gess, S.K. & Gess, F.W. 2014. Wasps and bees in southern Africa. SANBI Biodiversity Series 24. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. 320 pp.</p> <p>Given, B.B. 1953. Evolutionary Trends in the Thynninae (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae) With Special Reference To Feeding Habits Of Australian Species. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London 105:1–10.</p> <p>Justino, C.E.L. 2013. Análise Filogenética de Scotaenini (Hymenoptera, Vespoidea, Tiphiidae, Thynninae). Masters Dissertation, UNESP, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, 55 pp.</p> <p>Justino, C.E.L., dos Santos, E.F. & Noll, F.B. 2013. Geographic note on species of the genus Upa Kimsey, 1991 (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae, Thynninae) in the Atlantic Forest, Brazil. Check List 9(5):1057–1061. DOI:10.15560/9.5.1057</p> <p>Justino, C.E.L, dos Santos, E.F. & Noll, F.B. 2016. Diversity of Tiphiidae (Insecta, Hymenoptera) in the fragmented Brazilian semi-deciduous Atlantic Forest. Journal of Insect Conservation, 20(3):417–431. DOI:10.1007/s10841-016-9875-9</p> <p>Kimsey, L.S. 1991. Additional new genera and species of south american thynnine wasps (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae). Psyche: A Journal of Entomology 98:71–80. DOI:10.1155/1991/83532</p> <p>Kimsey, L.S. 1991. Relationships among the tiphiid wasp subfamilies (Hymenoptera). Systematic Entomology 16: 427-438.</p> <p>Kimsey, L.S. 1991. Revision of the South American wasp genus Aelurus (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae, Thynninae). Systematic Entomology 16:223–237. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3113.1991.tb00685.x</p> <p>Kimsey, L.S. 1992. Phylogenetic relations among the South American Thynninae Tiphiidae wasps. Systematic Entomology 17:133–144. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-3113.1992.tb00326.x</p> <p>Kimsey, L.S. 1996. Phylogenetic relationships of the thynnine wasp tribe Rhagigasterini (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 5:80–99.</p> <p>Kimsey, L.S. 1996. Revision of the South American thynnine genus Upa (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 98:55–63.</p> <p>Kimsey, L.S. 2000. Revision of the Australian Tiphiid Genus Leiothynnus (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Thynninae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 9:18–28.</p> <p>Kimsey, L.S. 2001. The New Western Australian Tiphiid Genus Dythynnus Kimsey (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Thynninae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 10:76–80.</p> <p>Kimsey, L.S. 2002. New genus and five new species of heat-tolerant tiphiid wasps from Western Australia (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Thynninae). Australian Journal of Entomology 41:345–353.</p> <p>Kimsey, L.S. 2003. A Peculiar New Genus of Locally Abundant Australian Thynninae (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 12:102–124.</p> <p>Kimsey, L.S. 2004. Taxonomic changes and new generic synonymies in the tiphiid wasp subfamily Thynninae (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 106:508–512.</p> <p>Kimsey, L.S. 2004. Illustrated keys to the genera of the male wasps in the subfamily Thynninae (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 106:571–585.</p> <p>Kimsey, L.S. 2005. Revision of the Northern South American tiphiid genus Merithynnus Kimsey, 1991 (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae, Thynninae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 107:576–595.</p> <p>Kimsey, L.S. 2006. 14.2: Familia Tiphiidae. In: Hanson, P.Y. & Gauld, I.D. (Eds.), Hymenoptera de la Región Neotropical. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, Gainesville, pp. 575–583.</p> <p>Kimsey, L.S. 2011. Tiphiidae wasps of Madagascar (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 22:45–68. DOI:10.3897/JHR.22.1142</p> <p>Kimsey, L.S. & Brothers, D.J. 2006. Capítulo 56: Familia Tiphiidae. In: Fernández, F.C. & Sharkey, M.J. (Eds.), Introducción a los Hymenoptera de La Región Neotropical. Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología, Colômiba, pp. 583–594.</p> <p>Kimsey, L.S. & Brown, G.R. 1993. Lectotype designations within the subfamily Thynninae (Hymenoptera, Tiphiidae). Journal of the Australian Entomological Society 32:317–326. DOI:10.1111/j.1440-6055.1993.tb00594.x</p> <p>Krombein, K.V. 1937. Studies in the Tiphiidae, I: a review of the genera of Myzininae. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 30:27–30.</p> <p>Krombein K.V. 1938. Studies in the Tiphiidae II. A revision of the Nearctic Myzininae. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 64:227-292.</p> <p>Krombein, K.V. 1949. Studies in the Tiphiidae. VII. The Madagascan species. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 51:45–73.</p> <p>Krombein K.V. 1968. Studies in the Tiphiidae. X. Hylomesa, a new genus of Myzininae wasp parasitic on larvae of longicorn beetles (Hymenoptera). Proceedings of the United States National Museum 124:1-22.</p> <p>Lelej, A.S. 2002. Catalogue of the Mutillidae Hymenoptera. of the Palaearctic Region. Vladivostok: Dalnauka, 172 p.</p> <p>Lelej, A.S. 2005. Catalogue of the Mutillidae (Hymenoptera) of the Oriental Region. Dalnauka, Vladivostok, 1–252.</p> <p>Lelej, A.S. & Brothers, D.J. 2008. The genus-group names of Mutillidae Hymenoptera. and their type species, with a new genus, new name, new synonymies, new combinations and lectotypifications. Zootaxa 1889:1–79.</p> <p>Lelej, A.S., T. Osten, 2004. To the knowledge of the mutillid and bradynobaenid wasps of Iran (Hymenoptera: Mutililidae, Bradynobaenidae). Proceeding of the Russian Entomological Society, St. Petersburg 75(1):253–262.</p> <p>Lelej, A.S. & van Harten, A. 2006. A review of the Mutillidae (Hymenoptera) of Yemen. Zootaxa 1226:1-50.</p> <p>Pagliano, G., Romano, M., World list of all known species of Bradynobaenidae (Hymenoptera) [WWW Document]. ResearchGate. URL <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329782449_World_list_of_all_known_species_of_Bradynobaenidae_Hymenoptera" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329782449_World_list_of_all_known_species_of_Bradynobaenidae_Hymenoptera</a> (accessed 1.20.19).</p> <p>Pate, V.S.L. 1947. A Conspectus of the Tiphiidæ, with Particular Reference to the Nearctic Forms (Hymenoptera, Aculeata). Journal of the New York Entomological Society 55:115–145.</p> <p>Torréns, J., Fidalgo, P., Roig-Alsina, A., Brothers, D.J., 2014. Review of the genus Eotilla Schuster, 1949 (Hymenoptera: Bradynobaenidae: Typhoctinae: Eotillini) and description of new species from Argentina. Zootaxa 3878, 1. DOI:10.11646/zootaxa.3878.1.1</p> <p>Torrens, J. and Roig-Alsina, A., 2009. Description of a new species of Bradynobaenus (Hymenoptera: Bradynobaenidae) from Argentina, with a key to the females of the genus. Zootaxa 2047:63-68.</p> <p>Turrisi, G.F., M. Matteini Palmerini, and D.J. Brothers. 2015. Systematic Revision and Phylogeny of the Genera Blakeius Ashmead, 1903 and Liomutilla André, 1907, with Description of Two New Genera (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae, Myrmillinae). Zootaxa 4010(1):1–78. <a href="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4010.1.1" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4010.1.1</a>.</p> <p>van Noort, S. 2020. WaspWeb: Hymenoptera of the Afrotropical region. URL: <a href="https://www.waspweb.org">www.waspweb.org</a></p>
EOL Dynamic Hierarchy Coccinelloidea Patch (COC): EOL Coccinelloidea Patch
<p>Taxonomic hierarchies & species lists for Akalyptoischiidae, Alexiidae, Anamorphidae, Bothrideridae, Cerylonidae, and Endomychidae to complement Catalogue of Life coverage.</p> <p>Compiled from multiple sources:</p> <p>Andrews, F.G. 1976: Akalyptoischion, a new genus of Lathridiidae from western North America (Coleoptera). Occasional papers in entomology, California Department of Agriculture (22)</p> <p>Hartley, C.S.; Andrews, F.G.; McHugh, J.V. 2008: A taxonomic revision of the genus Akalyptoischion Andrews (Coleoptera: Latridiidae). Coleopterists Society monograph, (6) doi: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1649/0010-065X(2008)61[1:ATROTG]2.0.CO;2">10.1649/0010-065X(2008)61[1:ATROTG]2.0.CO;2 </a></p> <p>Robertson, J.A., Slipinski, A., Moulton, M., Shockley, F.W., Giorgi, A., Lord, N.P., Mckenna, D.D., Tomaszewska, W., Forrester, J., Miller, K.B. and Whiting, M.F., 2015. Phylogeny and classification of Cucujoidea and the recognition of a new superfamily Coccinelloidea (Coleoptera: Cucujiformia). Systematic Entomology, 40(4), pp.745-778.</p> <p>Shockley F., Tomaszewska, K. and McHugh, J., 1999. An annotated checklist of the handsome fungus beetles of the world (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea: Endomychidae). Zootaxa, 113, p.30. Tomaszewska, W. (2011) On African Eupsilobiinae (Coleoptera: Endomychidae) with descriptions of new genus and species. Journal of Insect Science, 11, 1–14.</p> <p> </p>
EOL Dynamic Hierarchy: EOL Dynamic Hierarchy Active Version
<p>Dynamic Hierarchy version that is currently active on the <a title="EOL" href="http://eol.org/">EOL</a> site.<span> </span></p> <p><span>The Encyclopedia of Life (EOL, <a title="eol.org" href="http://eol.org/">eol.org</a>) aggregates biodiversity information from more than 400 sources and provides access to the data through taxon pages, visual query and application programming interfaces. Scientific names are essential elements of the data integration infrastructure, but their shortcomings as key identifiers are well documented. Complex automated workflows and continuous manual curation are required to address idiosyncrasies of source taxonomies, variation in data quality, and conflicting taxonomic opinions. To achieve a harmonized taxonomic view of EOL content, names from data sources are mapped to a dynamic reference hierarchy</span><span> using an algorithm that leverages canonical name strings, hierarchical information (ancestry, descendants), taxonomic ranks, synonym data, and author strings. Names that cannot be associated with a reference taxon are still accessible, but their unmapped status excludes them and any associated content from certain core EOL functions. For more information about the EOL taxonomy, see <a title="EOL Dynamic Hierarchy" href="https://eol.org/docs/eol-dynamic-hierarchy" target="_blank" rel="noopener">EOL Dynamic Hierarchy</a></span></p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.