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Figure 7 in Jumping continents and major host lineages: phylogeny and diversity of the enigmatic Cryptotropidae (Platyhelminthes: Digenea)

Figure 7. Scanning electron micrographs of Pseudocryptotropa surniculi. A, total view, ventral. B, total view, dorsal. C, oral sucker. D, genital atrium on dorsal side of the body. E, excretory pore. F, tegumental spines on dorsal side of the anterior part of the body. G, tegumental spines on ventral side of the anterior part of the body.

Figure 3 in Jumping continents and major host lineages: phylogeny and diversity of the enigmatic Cryptotropidae (Platyhelminthes: Digenea)

Figure 3. Morphological details of some Cryptotropidae. A, stylet protruding from the genital atrium of Renschetrema sp. B, C, eggs released from the uterus of Pseudocryptotropa surniculi.

Figure 5 in Jumping continents and major host lineages: phylogeny and diversity of the enigmatic Cryptotropidae (Platyhelminthes: Digenea)

Figure 5. Position of copulatory pouch in the four new species described in this study. A, Cryptotropa acanthosauri. B, Pseudocryptotropa surniculi. C, Pseudocryptotropa testilobata. D, Paracryptotropa peruviana.

Figure 1. Phylogenetic relationships among 32 in Jumping continents and major host lineages: phylogeny and diversity of the enigmatic Cryptotropidae (Platyhelminthes: Digenea)

Figure 1. Phylogenetic relationships among 32 taxa of the Microphalloidea resulting from Bayesian analysis of partial sequences of the 28S ribosomal DNA gene. Posterior probabilities> 80% are shown above internodes. Species sequenced in the present paper are in bold. Branch length scale bar indicates the number of substitutions per site. Abbreviations of digenean families: Col, Collyriclidae; Cry, Cryptotropidae; Lec, Lecithodendriidae; Mic, Microphallidae; Pha, Phaneropsolidae; Ple, Pleurogenidae; Pro, Prosthogonimidae; Sto, Stomylotrematidae. Abbreviations for geographical regions: IM, Indo‐Malayan realm; NT, Neotropical realm.

Figure 2 in Jumping continents and major host lineages: phylogeny and diversity of the enigmatic Cryptotropidae (Platyhelminthes: Digenea)

Figure 2. Phylogenetic relationships among taxa of the Cryptotropidae resulting from Bayesian analysis of partial sequences of cox1. Posterior probabilities> 80% are shown above internodes. Species sequenced in the present paper are in bold. Branch length scale bar indicates the number of substitutions per site.

Figure 4. Cryptotropa acanthosauri. A in Jumping continents and major host lineages: phylogeny and diversity of the enigmatic Cryptotropidae (Platyhelminthes: Digenea)

Figure 4. Cryptotropa acanthosauri. A, ventral view of the holotype. B, ventral view of the paratype.

publicFeb 2018View details →

dryad32/100

Data from: Shifts in diversification rates and host jump frequencies shaped the diversity of host range among Sclerotiniaceae fungal plant pathogens

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dryad32/100

Data from: Rust disease of eucalypts, caused by Puccinia psidii, did not originate via host jump from guava in Brazil

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publicSep 2013View details →

dryad28/100

Data from: Host-jump drives rapid and recent ecological speciation of the emergent fungal pathogen Colletotrichum kahawae

Ecological speciation through host-shift has been proposed as a major route for the appearance of novel fungal pathogens. The growing awareness of their negative impact on global economies and public health created an enormous interest in identifying the factors that are most likely to promote their emergence in nature. In this work, a combination of pathological, molecular and geographic data was used to investigate the recent emergence of the fungus Colletotrichum kahawae (Ck). Ck emerged as a specialist pathogen causing Coffee Berry Disease in Coffea arabica, due to its unparalleled adaptation of infecting green coffee berries. Contrary to current hypotheses, our results suggest that a recent host-jump underlay the speciation of Ck from a generalist group of fungi seemingly harmless to coffee berries. We posit that immigrant inviability and a predominantly asexual behavior could have been instrumental in driving speciation by creating pleiotropic interactions between local adaptation and reproductive patterns. Moreover, we estimate that Ck began its diversification at less than 2,200 yrs leaving a very short time frame since the divergence from its sibling lineage (∼5,600 yrs), during which a severe drop in Ck's effective population size occurred. This further supports a scenario of recent introduction and subsequent adaptation to C. arabica. Phylogeographic data revealed low levels of genetic polymorphism but provided the first geographically consistent population structure of Ck, inferring the Angolan population as the most ancestral and the East African populations as the most recently derived. Altogether, these results highlight the significant role of host specialization and asexuality in the emergence of fungal pathogens through ecological speciation.

opencc-zeroDec 2011View details →

opennotspecifiedDec 2017View details →

FIGURE 1 in Systematics, biogeography and host-plant relationships of the Neotropical jumping plant-louse genus Russelliana (Hemiptera: Psylloidea)

FIGURE 1. Russelliana melaina sp. nov., habitus of ♂ (drawing by A. Coray).

FIG. 37 in The jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera, Psylloidea) associated with Schinus (Anacardiaceae): systematics, biogeography and host plant relationships

FIG. 37. Distribution of the species of the Calophya rubra group.

FIG. 27 in The jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera, Psylloidea) associated with Schinus (Anacardiaceae): systematics, biogeography and host plant relationships

FIG. 27. Tainarys acuticauda, last instar larva; left dorsal, right ventral face.

FIG. 28 in The jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera, Psylloidea) associated with Schinus (Anacardiaceae): systematics, biogeography and host plant relationships

FIG. 28. Tainarys maculipectus, last instar larva; left dorsal, right ventral face.

FIG. 29 in The jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera, Psylloidea) associated with Schinus (Anacardiaceae): systematics, biogeography and host plant relationships

FIG. 29. Tainarys sordida, last instar larva; left dorsal, right ventral face.

FIG. 30 in The jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera, Psylloidea) associated with Schinus (Anacardiaceae): systematics, biogeography and host plant relationships

FIG. 30. Tainarys venata, last instar larva; left dorsal, right ventral face.

FIG. 22 in The jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera, Psylloidea) associated with Schinus (Anacardiaceae): systematics, biogeography and host plant relationships

FIG. 22. Calophya terebinthifolii, last instar larva; left dorsal, right ventral face.

FIG. 24. L in The jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera, Psylloidea) associated with Schinus (Anacardiaceae): systematics, biogeography and host plant relationships

FIG. 24. L eurolophus oriformae, last instar larva; left dorsal, right ventral face.

FIG. 21 in The jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera, Psylloidea) associated with Schinus (Anacardiaceae): systematics, biogeography and host plant relationships

FIG. 21. Calophya scrobicola, last instar larva; left dorsal, right ventral face.

FIG. 19 in The jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera, Psylloidea) associated with Schinus (Anacardiaceae): systematics, biogeography and host plant relationships

FIG. 19. Calophya rubra, last instar larva: A, outline of body; B, antenna, C, apex of tarsus.

FIG. 18 in The jumping plant-lice (Hemiptera, Psylloidea) associated with Schinus (Anacardiaceae): systematics, biogeography and host plant relationships

FIG. 18. Calophya patagonica, last instar larva; left dorsal, right ventral face.