Find research datasets worth reusing

Fig. 4 in Morphology and Molecular Phylogeny of the Soil Ciliate Anteholosticha rectangula sp. nov. from King George Island, Maritime Antarctica

Fig. 4. Majority consensus tree from Bayesian inference using nuclear SSU rDNA sequences. Anteholosticha rectangula is indicated in bold in the tree. Posterior probabilities of Bayesian inference (BI) and bootstrap values of maximum likelihood (ML) are presented on each interior branch. Dashes denote a value showing less than half of the full posterior probability or bootstrap value. Scale bar indicates two base substitutions per one hundred nucleotides.

Figs 3A–H in Morphology and Molecular Phylogeny of the Soil Ciliate Anteholosticha rectangula sp. nov. from King George Island, Maritime Antarctica

Figs 3A–H. Photomicrographs of Anteholosticha rectangula after protargol impregnation. A and B – holotype specimen, ventral (A) and dorsal (B) view, arrow denotes pretransverse cirrus; C – dorsal view showing dorsal kineties, arrows denote two dikinetids anterior of right marginal cirral row; D and E – ventral views of anterior body showing buccal, frontal, frontoterminal, and midventral cirri; F–H – ventral views showing variation of the nuclear apparatus. DK1–3 – dorsal kineties 1–3, FC – frontal cirri, FTC – frontoterminal cirri, Ma – macronuclear nodules, Mi – micronuclei. Scale bars: 50 μm.

Figs 2A–J in Morphology and Molecular Phylogeny of the Soil Ciliate Anteholosticha rectangula sp. nov. from King George Island, Maritime Antarctica

Figs 2A–J. Photomicrographs of Anteholosticha rectangula in vivo. A–C – representative individuals showing contractile vacuole (arrows) and ciliatures; D – nuclear apparatus, E–G – cortical granules in ventral (E) and dorsal (F, G) views; H–J – ventral views showing oral apparatus; arrows in I and J show buccal lip and buccal seal, respectively. CG – cortical granules, DB – dorsal bristles, Ma – macronuclear nodules, Mi – micronuclei, RMC – right marginal cirri, TC – transverse cirri. Scale bars: 100 μm (A, C, D), 5 μm (G), 10 μm (H, I).

Figs 1A–I in Morphology and Molecular Phylogeny of the Soil Ciliate Anteholosticha rectangula sp. nov. from King George Island, Maritime Antarctica

Figs 1A–I. Drawings of Anteholosticha rectangula in vivo (A, D–G, I) and after protargol impregnation (B, C, H). A – ventral view of a representative specimen; B and C – ventral and dorsal views of holotype, arrows show two dikinetids; D–G – cortical granules on dorsal (D, G) and ventral sides (E, F); H – nuclear apparatus, showing variation in number and morphology; I – contractile vacuole. CG – cortical granules, CV – contractile vacuole, DB – dorsal bristles, DK1–3 – dorsal kineties 1–3, FTC – frontoterminal cirri, Ma – macronuclear nodules, Mi – micronuclei, TC – transverse cirri. Scale bars: 50 μm.

opencc-by-4.0May 2019View details →

Mobile Device Voice Recordings at King's College London (MDVR-KCL) from both early and advanced Parkinson's disease patients and healthy controls

Dataset description The dataset description will start with describing the local conditions and other metadata, then will continue with describing the recording procedure and annotation methodology. Finally, a brief description of the dataset deployment and publication will be given. Meta Information The dataset was recorded at King's College London (KCL) Hospital, Denmark Hill, Brixton, London SE5 9RS in the period from 26 to 29 September 2017. We used a typical examination room with about ten square meters area and a typical reverberation tome of approx. 500ms to perform the voice recordings. Due to the fact, that the voice recordings are performed in the realistic situation of doing a phone call (i.e. participant holds the phone to the preferred ear and microphone is in direct proximity to the mouth), one can assume that all recordings were performed within the reverberation radius and thus can be considered as “clean”. Recording Procedure We used a Motorola Moto G4 Smartphone as recording device. To perform the voice recordings on the device, we developed a “Toggle Recording App”, which uses the same functionalities as the voice recording module used within the i-PROGNOSIS Smartphone application, but deployed as a standalone android application. This means, that the voice capturing service runs as a standalone background service on the recording device and triggers voice recordings via on- and off-hook signals of the Smartphone. Due to the fact, that we directly record the microphone signal, and not the GSM (“Global System for Mobile Communications”) compressed stream, we end up with high quality recordings with a sample rate of 44.1 kHz and a bit depth of 16 Bit (audio CD quality). The raw, uncompressed data is directly written to the external storage of the Smartphone (SD-card) using the well-known WAVE file format (.wav). We used the following workflow to perform a voice recording: <ul> <li>Ask the participant to relax a bit and then to make a phone call to the test executor (off-hook signal triggered).}</li> <li>Ask the participant to read out “The North Wind and the Sun”</li> <li>Depending on the constitution of the participant either ask to read out “Tech. Engin. Computer applications in geography snippet”</li> <li>Start a spontaneous dialog with the participant, the test executor starts asking random questions about places of interest, local traffic, or personal interests if acceptable.</li> <li>Test executor ends call by farewell (on-hook signal triggered).</li> </ul> Annotation Scheme For each HC and PD participant, we labeled the data regarding scores on the Hoehn & Yahr (H&Y), as well as the UPDRS II part 5 and UPDRS III part 18 scale. The voice recordings are labeled in the following scheme: SI_ HS_ HYR_ UPDRS II-5_UPDRS III-18 with <ul> <li>SI as subject identification in the form IDNN, N in [0, 9]</li> <li>HS as the health status label (hc or pd accordingly)</li> <li>HYR as the expert assessed H&Y scale rating</li> <li>UPDRS II-5 as the according expert peer-reviewed score</li> <li>UPDRS III-18 as the according expert assessed score</li> </ul> For example, an audio recording with the file name “ID02_pd_1_2_1.wav” represents a recording of the third participant (First participant was anonymized as ID00), which has PD and a H&Y rating of 1, a UPDRS II-5 score of 2 and a UPDRS III-18 score of 1. At this point, it should be noted, that also all healthy controls were evaluated with regard to the introduced scales, because Parkinson's disease and voice degradation correlate, but don't match exactly. This means, that the data set includes one HC participant (ID31) with UPDRS II-5 and III-18 rating of 1, and also includes PD patients with UPDRS II-5 and III-18 ratings of 0. It should be emphasized, that this does not mean the data set includes ambiguous information, but that an expert was not able to hear voice degradation that would end up in a UPDRS rating greater than zero. Machine learning approaches may be able to nevertheless classify correctly, or at least learn to correlate, but not match PD and voice degradation at any time. Appendix North Wind and the Sun (Orthographic Version): “The North Wind and the Sun were disputing which was the stronger, when a traveler came along wrapped in a warm cloak. They agreed that the one who first succeeded in making the traveler take his cloak off should be considered stronger than the other. Then the North Wind blew as hard as he could, but the more he blew the more closely did the traveler fold his cloak around him; and at last the North Wind gave up the attempt. Then the Sun shone out warmly, and immediately the traveler took off his cloak. And so the North Wind was obliged to confess that the Sun was the stronger of the two.” BNC – Tech. Engin. Computer applications in geography snippet: “[...] This is because there is less scattering of blue light as the atmospheric path length and consequently the degree of scattering of the incoming radiation is reduced. For the same reason, the sun appears to be whiter and less orange-coloured as the observer's altitude increases; this is because a greater proportion of the sunlight comes directly to the observer's eye. Figure 5.7 is a schematic representation of the path of electromagnetic energy in the visible spectrum as it travels from the sun to the Earth and back again towards a sensor mounted on an orbiting satellite. The paths of waves representing energy prone to scattering (that is, the shorter wavelengths) as it travels from sun to Earth are shown. To the sensor it appears that all the energy has been reflected from point P on the ground whereas, in fact, it has not, because some has been scattered within the atmosphere and has never reached the ground at all. [...]”

Fig. 4 in A new sediment-dwelling pholadid bivalve from Oligocene glaciomarine sediments of King George Island, West Antarctica

Fig. 4. Schematic illustration of exterior of Pholadidea gradzinskii sp. nov., showing main morphological features discussed. Left lateral (A), anterior (B), dorsal (C), and ventral (D) views.

Fig. 3. A in A new sediment-dwelling pholadid bivalve from Oligocene glaciomarine sediments of King George Island, West Antarctica

Fig. 3. A. Outcrops of glaciomarine strata of the Oligocene Polonez Cove Formation (the Siklawa Member) on King George Island, arrow indicates position on Pholadidea gradzinskii horizons at Mazurek Point (photograph by AG, January 2007). B. Diamictite from bed in Siklawa Member of the Polonez Cove Formation, with Pholadidea gradzinskii bearing moulds at the base (arrowed). The diamictite contains metamorphic (m) and granitoid (g) clasts.

Fig. 8 in A new sediment-dwelling pholadid bivalve from Oligocene glaciomarine sediments of King George Island, West Antarctica

Fig. 8. Paleogene arrangement of Southern Gondwana with distribution of species of Pholadidea in The Weddellian Biogeographic Province from the Late Cretaceous–Paleogene. Abbreviations: 1, Pholadidea (Hatasia) wiffenae, Campanian–Maastrichtian; 2, Pholadidea frenguellii, Eocene; 3, Pholadidea patagonica, Oligocene–early Miocene; 4, Pholadidea gradzinskii, Oligocene; CAS, Central American Seaway; full arrows, possible dispersal route of Pholadidea from New Zealand to Antarctica/South America during the latest Cretaceous and the Paleogene (in the latest Cretaceous situation, New Zealand was immediately adjacent to Australia and Antarctica); stippled arrows, two possible dispersal routes of Pholadidea out from the Weddellian Biogeographic Province. Map adopted after Clarke and Crame (1989).

Fig. 1. A in A new sediment-dwelling pholadid bivalve from Oligocene glaciomarine sediments of King George Island, West Antarctica

Fig. 1. A. Map of Antarctic Peninsula area, arrow shows position of King George Island in South Shetland Islands archipelago. B. King George Island showing location of the study area. C. Low Head–Lions Rump area, arrow shows position of Pholadidea gradzinskii sp. nov. horizons at Mazurek Point (after Gaździcki et al. 1982).

Fig. 7 in A new sediment-dwelling pholadid bivalve from Oligocene glaciomarine sediments of King George Island, West Antarctica

Fig. 7. Vertical transverse sections through pholadid bivalve Pholadidea gradzinskii sp. nov. (ZPAL Mo XVIII/12/A–W), preserved in life position within a boring from the Oligocene of King George Island. The numbers refer to distance from the anterior of the shell in milimeters. Abbreviations: ap, apophysis; b, beak; ch, chondrophore; cl, callum; dcle, dorsal extension of the callum; hp, hypoplax; mt, metaplax; r, rasp; sp, siphonoplax; ur, umbonal reflection.

Fig. 5 in A new sediment-dwelling pholadid bivalve from Oligocene glaciomarine sediments of King George Island, West Antarctica

Fig. 5. Pholadid bivalve Pholadidea gradzinskii sp. nov. (ZPAL Mo. XVIII/3, holotype) from the Oligocene of King George Island. A. Left-lateral view of the complete specimen (A1), arrow marks deformation of the callum; anterior of the left valve (A2), showing callum covered with growth lines. B. Rightlateral view of the complete specimen (B1), arrow marks deformation of the callum; anterior of the right valve (B2), showing umbonal reflection raised anteriorly and appressed on the umbo. C. Dorsal view of the complete specimen showing metaplax formed by partially calcified periostracal mantle connecting the dorsal margin of the valves. D. Ventral view of the complete specimen showing a hypoplax formed by partially calcified periostracal mantle extending beyond the ventral margin of the shells and connected with the callum; arrows mark deformation of the callum and hypoplax. E. Inclined dorsal view of the anterior showing umbonal reflection covered with the dorsal extension of the callum. F. Anterior view showing the callum and umbonal reflection covered by the dorsal extension of the callum.

Fig. 2 in A new sediment-dwelling pholadid bivalve from Oligocene glaciomarine sediments of King George Island, West Antarctica

Fig. 2. Simplified lithostratigraphic profile of the Polonez Cove Formation, with lithological profile of the Siklawa Member at Mazurek Point where investigated fossils were collected. The arrow marks the mudstone interval where the majority of the specimens of Pholadidea gradzinskii sp. nov. described in this paper was collected. The lithostratigraphy after Birkenmajer (1983), Porębski and Gradziński (1987), Birkenmajer (2001), Troedson and Smellie (2002). Dating of the units after Smellie et al. (1984), Birkenmajer (1989), Dingle et al. (1997), Dingle and Lavelle (1998), and Troedson and Smellie (2002). The lithological profile of the Siklawa Member at Mazurek Point partially adapted from Gaździcki et al. (1982).

Fig. 9 in Arthropod trace fossils from Eocene cold climate continental strata of King George Island, West Antarctica

Fig. 9. The lectotype of Stiaria intermedia Smith, 1909 (see also Fig. 8H), Epichnion, Old Red Sandstone, Lower Devonian, Dunure (GSE 14075), Scotland, UK. Published with permission of the British Geological Survey in Edinburgh.

Fig. 11 in Arthropod trace fossils from Eocene cold climate continental strata of King George Island, West Antarctica

Fig. 11. Hypichnial trace fossil cf. Pterichnus isp., middle–late Eocene, Mount Wawel Formation, King George Island, Antarctica, slab ZPAL Tf.8/2007.14. A. Four footprints in the series are visible in the lower left side. B. Less regular form in the lower side and the bilobate median trail of Glaciichnium australis in the upper part, which resembles the trace fossil Diplopodichnus.

Fig. 1 in Arthropod trace fossils from Eocene cold climate continental strata of King George Island, West Antarctica

Fig. 1. Map of King George Island (A) and location of the study region (B), after Birkenmajer (2002) with locality indicated (star).

Fig. 6 in Arthropod trace fossils from Eocene cold climate continental strata of King George Island, West Antarctica

Fig. 6. Arthropod trace fossil Glaciichnium australis isp. nov., middle–late Eocene, Mount Wawel Formation, King George Island, Antarctica, slab ZPAL Tf.8/2007.1. A. The holotype (redrawn in Fig. 8A), epichnion. The narrow diagonal furrows are damage scratches. B. Very irregular form running between the lower plant stems. C. Hypichnial forms preserved mostly as the double central trail resembling the trace fossil Diplopodichnus. D. Epichnial, unilobated median trails resembling the trace fossil Helminthoidichnites. Also delicate median bilobated trails are present. → Fig. 5. Arthropod trace fossil Glaciichnium australis isp. nov., resting trace, and lower plant stems on lower bedding surface, middle–late Eocene, Mount Wawel Formation, King George Island, Antarctica, slab ZPAL Tf.8/2007.8. A. General view, the long G. australis running from the base to the top shows different preservational variants. The knobs are plant stems. The resting trace (rt) in the lower part. B. Fragment of the long G. australis with thin blankets of underlying laminae covering the trace fossil. C. Fragment of the long G. australis crossed by another preserved mostly as the median trail, several cross sections of the lower plant stem. D. The resting trace (rt), several cross sections of the lower plant stem, and G. australis preserved mostly as the median trail. E. Resting trace, drawing (E1) and photograph of close view (E2).

Fig. 8 in Arthropod trace fossils from Eocene cold climate continental strata of King George Island, West Antarctica

Fig. 8. Comparison of drawings of holotype Glaciichnium australis sp. nov. (A) to Glaciichnium liebegastensis (B holotype, C), trackway of a Recent caddisfly larvae Philopotamus montanus (D), lectotype of Siskemia elegans (E), Stiaria quadripedia (F neotype, G), and lectotype of Stiaria intermedia (H). B, C from Walter (1985: fig. 4A and B, respectively); E from Walker (1985: fig. 2a, part); F from Pollard and Walker (1984: pl. 2: 2); G from Walker (1985: fig. 5a); H from Walker (1985: fig. 5c).

Fig. 7 in Arthropod trace fossils from Eocene cold climate continental strata of King George Island, West Antarctica

Fig. 7. Arthropod trace fossil Glaciichnium australis isp. nov. preserved mostly as unilobated or bilobated median trails, middle–late Eocene, Mount Wawel Formation, King George Island, Antarctica, slab ZPAL Tf.8/2007.25. A. Unilobate median trail passes into irregular trackway, produced probably in low cohesive substrate. B. A transition between unilobate and bilobate median trail. C. Unilobate and bilobate median trails as epichnial furrows. D. Hypichnial ridges, which are unilobated median trails resembling the trace fossil Helminthoidichnites.

Fig. 3 in Arthropod trace fossils from Eocene cold climate continental strata of King George Island, West Antarctica

Fig. 3. Some sedimentary and palaeobotanical features of the middle–late Eocene, Mount Wawel Formation, Martel Inlet Admiralty Bay, King George Island, Antarctica. A. Symmetric ripple marks on surface of very fine-grained sandstone. B. Fossil plant remains of unknown affinity in cracked mudstone. C. Delicate ferns on a parting surfaces. D. Leaves of Nothofagus sp.

Fig. 4 in Arthropod trace fossils from Eocene cold climate continental strata of King George Island, West Antarctica

Fig. 4. Lower plant (reed?) stems in siltstone-sandstone slabs from of the middle–late Eocene, Mount Wawel Formation, Martel Inlet Admiralty Bay, King George Island, Antarctica, slab ZPAL Tf.8/2007.20. A. Lower bedding-plane view with cross section of the stems (arrows) and needle-like plant detritus shallowly buried in the bed. B. Cross section of the stem in thin section showing sand-filled interior and carbonized, ribbed wall. C. Cross section of the bed with oblique stem, whose surface is carbonized. D. Cross section of a bed showing a fragment of stem with longitudinal ribbing.