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Fig. 10 in Taxonomy and ontogeny of the Lituitida (Cephalopoda) from Orthoceratite Limestone erratics (Middle Ordovician)

Fig. 10. Rhynchorthoceras angelini (Boll, 1857) from the Upper Red Orthoceratite Limestone. A. Specimen MB.C.29656 (Bottke Coll.) from Skärlöv (Island of Öland); ventral and lateral views. B. Specimen MB.C.11716 (Hentig 1880 Coll.) from Joachimsthal (Brandenburg); lateral view. C. Specimen MB.C.30495.1 from Heegermühle (Brandenburg); dorsal? view. D. Specimen MB.C.11727 (Schmidt Coll.) from near Berlin-Schmargendorf; lateral view. E. Specimen MB.C.11725.1 (Remelé 1879 Coll.) from Heegermühle (Brandenburg); lateral view. Scale bar units = 1 mm.

Fig. 1 in Taxonomy and ontogeny of the Lituitida (Cephalopoda) from Orthoceratite Limestone erratics (Middle Ordovician)

Fig. 1. Large slab of the Upper Grey Orthoceratite Limestone (late Darriwilian, Middle Ordovician) with scattered conchs of lituitid and orthoceratid cephalopods, sample MB.C.30490 from the Island of Öland (Sweden). Scale bar units = 10 mm.

Fig. 5 in Taxonomy and ontogeny of the Lituitida (Cephalopoda) from Orthoceratite Limestone erratics (Middle Ordovician)

Fig. 5. Echinoderm holdfasts on shells of lituitid specimens. A. Rhynchorthoceras angelini (Boll, 1857), specimen MB.C.11727 (Schmidt Coll.) from near Berlin-Schmargendorf. B. Rhynchorthoceras conicum (Hisinger, 1837), specimen MB.C.30508 from Dewitz Castle, Dobra (former Dewitzburg bei Daber; West Pomerania, Poland). C. Rhynchorthoceras rugium sp. nov., holotype MB.C.11728 (Hoffmann & Gager 1972 Coll.) from Mönchgut (Island of Rügen). D. Trilacinoceras knoefleri sp. nov., paratype MB.C.30559 (Krueger Coll.) from Mukran (Sassnitz, Island of Rügen) (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern). Scale bar units = 1 mm.

Fig. 7 in Taxonomy and ontogeny of the Lituitida (Cephalopoda) from Orthoceratite Limestone erratics (Middle Ordovician)

Fig. 7. Morphological terminology used in this study to describe lituitid specimens; drawing from Dzik (1984).

Fig. 4 in Taxonomy and ontogeny of the Lituitida (Cephalopoda) from Orthoceratite Limestone erratics (Middle Ordovician)

Fig. 4. Stratigraphic distribution of lituitid taxa in Ordovician strata of Baltoscandia and Ordovician erratics; black circles indicate unambiguous presence, grey circles indicate possible presence. Species with unknown stratigraphic occurrence are excluded from the scheme. Stratigraphic chart after Ebbestad & Högström (2007) and Meidla et al. (2014); stage slices after Bergström et al. (2009).

Fig. 6 in Taxonomy and ontogeny of the Lituitida (Cephalopoda) from Orthoceratite Limestone erratics (Middle Ordovician)

Fig. 6. Shell injuries of lituitid specimens (shown in the centre to the right in both A and B). A. Lituites bottkei sp. nov., holotype MB.C.29651 (Bottke Coll.) from Gärdslösa (Island of Öland, Sweden). B. Rhynchorthoceras angelini (Boll, 1857), specimen MB.C.29656 (Bottke Coll.) from Skärlöv (Island of Öland). Scale bar units = 1 mm.

Fig. 9 in Taxonomy and ontogeny of the Lituitida (Cephalopoda) from Orthoceratite Limestone erratics (Middle Ordovician)

Fig. 9. Rhynchorthoceras angelini (Boll, 1857); reproductions of illustrations by Remelé (1890). A. Specimen MB.C.11724 from Heegermühle (Brandenburg), illustrated by Remelé (1890: pl. 3 fig. 5). B. Specimen MB.C. 11725.1 from Heegermühle (Brandenburg), illustrated by Remelé (1890: pl. 5 fig. 3). C. Specimen from Heegermühle (Brandenburg), illustrated by Remelé (1890: pl. 5 fig. 4). D. Specimen MB.C.11732.2 from Heegermühle (Brandenburg), illustrated by Remelé (1890: pl. 5 fig. 5). E. Specimen MB.C.11726.1 from Heegermühle (Brandenburg), illustrated by Remelé (1890: pl. 5 fig. 6). F. Specimen MB.C.11716 from Joachimsthal (Brandenburg), illustrated by Remelé (1890: pl. 5 fig. 7). G. Specimen MB.C.22577 from Heegermühle, illustrated by Remelé (1890: pl. 6 fig. 6). Scale bar units = 1 mm.

Fig. 2 in Taxonomy and ontogeny of the Lituitida (Cephalopoda) from Orthoceratite Limestone erratics (Middle Ordovician)

Fig. 2. Historical illustrations of Lituites specimens of Breyn (1732) (left) and de Montfort (1808) (right).

Fig. 3. A. Map with localities from which the herein studied specimens originated. B in Taxonomy and ontogeny of the Lituitida (Cephalopoda) from Orthoceratite Limestone erratics (Middle Ordovician)

Fig. 3. A. Map with localities from which the herein studied specimens originated. B. Localities in north-eastern Germany and western Poland. C. Localities in the Island of Öland (Sweden). Map prepared using the QGIS software (using the open-source World Map, OpenStreetMap and "WISE Large rivers and large lakes F1v1 geodatabase" of the European Environment Agency). Number coding of localities: Norway: 1 – Oslo (former Christiania); Estonia: 2 – Karula (Lääne-Viru County), 3 – Tallinn (former Reval, Harju County); Germany, Berlin: 4 – Schmargendorf, 5 – Tempelhofer Feld; Germany, Brandenburg: 6 – Eberswalde, 7 – Fresdorf, 8 – Gellmersdorf (Angermünde), 9 – Gransee (Ruppin), 10 – Heegermühle, 11 – Hohensaaten, 12 – Joachimsthal, 13 – Karlsröhe (Lichterfelde, Eberswalde), 14 – Kranepuhl, 15 – Niederfinow, 16 – Niederlehme, 17 – Oderberg, 18 – Potsdam, 19 – Ringenwalde, 20 – Schmetzdorf, 21 – Schwedt, 22 – Teschendorf (Löwenberg), 23 – Vierraden (Schwedt), 24 – Werbellinsee, 25 – Werder (Potsdam); Germany, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern: 26 – Bansin (Usedom), 27 – Boltenhagen (Gross Klütz Höved), 28 – Dwasieden (Rügen), 29 – Göhren, 30 – Gross Zicker (Rügen), 31 – Hiddensee Island, 32 – Klütz Höved, 33 – Lansen (Malchin), 34 – Lebbin, 35 – Mukran (Sassnitz, Rügen), 36 – Neu-Ruthenbeck (Parchim), 37 – Rerik, 38 – Röbel, 39 – Usedom, 40 – Ventschow; Germany, Saxony-Anhalt: 41 – Schlagenthin; Poland, Kujawi-Pomerania: 42 – Bydgoszcz (former Bromberg), 43 – Osielsk (Bydgoszcz); Poland, Masovia: 44 – Czerwińsk; Poland, Pomerania: 45 – Juszkowo (former Gischkau), 46 –Skowarcz (former Schönwarling); Poland, Silesia: 47 – Żory (former Sorau); Poland, West Pomerania: 48 – Barnówko (former Berneuchen), 49 – Dewitz Castle (Dobra, former Dewitzburg bei Daber), 50 – Chrząszczewska Island (former Gristow), 51 – Ustronie Morskie (former Henkenhagen); Russia: 52 – Kaliningrad; Sweden, Dalarna: 53 – Fjecka (Boda), 54 – Skattungbyn; Sweden, Öland: 55 – Böda Hamn, 56 – Gärdslösa, 57 – Kårehamn, 58 – Skärlöv, 59 – Tjusby, 60 – Triberga; Sweden, Skåne: 61 – Södra Sandby.

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Fig. 30 in Taxonomy and ontogeny of the Lituitida (Cephalopoda) from Orthoceratite Limestone erratics (Middle Ordovician)

Fig. 30. Conch expansion rates in species of the Lituitidae Phillips, 1848.

Fig. 27 in Taxonomy and ontogeny of the Lituitida (Cephalopoda) from Orthoceratite Limestone erratics (Middle Ordovician)

Fig. 27. Angelinoceras latum (Angelin, 1880); reproductions of illustrations of Remelé (1890). A. Specimen MB.C.11682 from Eberswalde (Brandenburg), illustrated by Remelé (1890: pl. 1 fig. 4). B. Specimen MB.C.11683 from Heegermühle (Brandenburg), illustrated by Remelé (1890: pl. 3 fig. 3). C. Specimen MB.C.11681 from Eberswalde (Brandenburg), illustrated by Remelé (1890: pl. 1 fig. 5). Scale bar units = 1 mm.

Fig. 20. Ancistroceras barrandei Dewitz, 1880 in Taxonomy and ontogeny of the Lituitida (Cephalopoda) from Orthoceratite Limestone erratics (Middle Ordovician)

Fig. 20. Ancistroceras barrandei Dewitz, 1880, reproduction of the figure provided by Noetling (1884: pl. 16 Fig. 6–6a). Scale bar units = 1 mm.

Fig. 21. Ancistroceras barrandei Dewitz, 1880 from the Upper Grey Orthoceratite Limestone. A in Taxonomy and ontogeny of the Lituitida (Cephalopoda) from Orthoceratite Limestone erratics (Middle Ordovician)

Fig. 21. Ancistroceras barrandei Dewitz, 1880 from the Upper Grey Orthoceratite Limestone. A. Specimen MB.C.30518 (Neben & Krueger Coll.) from Rerik (Ostsee); previously figured by Neben & Krueger (1971: pl. 17 fig. 1). B. Specimen MB.C.30516 (Neben & Krueger Coll.) from Rerik (Ostsee). C. Specimen MB.C.11991 (Helms 1966 Coll.) from Gross Zicker (Island of Rügen). Scale bar units = 1 mm.

Fig. 15 in Taxonomy and ontogeny of the Lituitida (Cephalopoda) from Orthoceratite Limestone erratics (Middle Ordovician)

Fig. 15. Species of Rhynchorthoceras from the Upper Red Orthoceratite Limestone.A. Rhynchorthoceras rugium sp. nov., holotype MB.C.11728 (Hoffmann & Gager 1972 Coll.) from Mönchgut (Island of Rügen); lateral, dorsal and ventral views. B. Rhynchorthoceras kranepuhlense sp. nov., holotype MB.C.11730 (Kummerow Coll.) from Kranepuhl (Brandenburg); ventral, lateral and dorsal views. Scale bar units = 1 mm.