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232 results for “Magdalena”
FIGURE 1. Gymnotus ardilai. Holotype IAvHP 3477 in Gymnotus ardilai: a new species of Neotropical electric fish (Ostariophysi: Gymnotidae) from the Rio Magdalena Basin of Colombia
FIGURE 1. Gymnotus ardilai. Holotype IAvHP 3477 (CAR 05), female, 430 mm TL. Lateral view.
FIGURE 3 in Gymnotus ardilai: a new species of Neotropical electric fish (Ostariophysi: Gymnotidae) from the Rio Magdalena Basin of Colombia
FIGURE 3. Head profiles of Gymnotus ardilai. (A) Holotype, (B) Paratypes.
Data from: Species limits and introgression in Pimelodus from the Magdalena-Cauca River basin
<p>Low morphological differentiation among taxa hampers its appropriate identification, basic biological studies, and promotion of any conservation effort. Aiming to clarify the evolution and speciation among members of <i>Pimelodus </i>from the Magdalena-Cauca River basin, this study tested the hypothesis that <i>P. yuma, P. grosskopfii </i>and<i> P. crypticus</i> represent<i> </i>three independently evolving species and explored signals of interspecific hybridization. Likewise, we test the ancient hypothesis that the <i>trans</i>-Andean <i>Pimelodus yuma</i> and <i>P. crypticus</i> belong to the <i>cis</i>-Andean <i>P. blochii </i>species complex. The outcomes based on mitochondrial (<i>cox1</i>) and nuclear [RADseq (Illumina Hi-Seq), microsatellites and <i>rag2</i>] markers combined with coalescence-based and allele-frequency methods, confirm that each studied <i>trans</i>-Andean species represent<i> </i>an independently evolving unit. We used Stacks v.2.52 for <i>de novo</i> SNP genotyping. Contrary to expectations, <i>P. yuma </i>was<i> </i>found as a sister clade of <i>P. blochii</i>, while <i>P. crypticus </i>(confused for a long time with <i>P. blochii</i>) was phylogenetic closer to <i>P. grosskopfii</i>. Additionally, we found strong evidence of historical introgression between the non-sibling species <i>Pimelodus yuma </i>and<i> P. grosskopfii, </i>breaking the absence of interbreeding and the independent evolutionary trajectory among Trans-Andean <i>Pimelodus </i>during their diversification history, a pre-requisite to define species limits. However, non-significant values of current gene flow were evidenced between them, supporting the hypothesis of full isolation.</p>
Fig. 6 in Gephyrocharax torresi (Characiformes: Characidae: Stevardiinae), a new species from the río Cascajales basin, río Magdalena system, Colombia
Fig. 6. Geographic distribution of Gephyrocharax torresi (black rhomboids).
Neutron activation analysis data of pottery from Carrizales, Mocupe Viejo, Cherrepe, Magdalena de Cao Viejo, and other sites, Peru
<p>Neutron activation analysis data of pottery from Carrizales, Mocupe Viejo, and other sites, Lambayeque Department, and Cherrepe and Magdalena de Cao Viejo, La Libertad Department, Peru.</p>
Fig. 1 in Reproductive biology of Plagioscion magdalenae (Teleostei: Sciaenidae) (Steindachner, 1878) in the bay of Marajo, Amazon Estuary, Brazil
Fig. 1. Study area. Bay of Marajo in theAmazon Estuary, Brazil.
supplementary atherial of article Pleistocene aquatic refuges support the east-west breakage of the Neotropical catfish Trichomycterinae (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae) and high diversity in the Magdalena, Guiana, and Paraná-Paraguay basins
<p>Figure S1. Phylogenetic tree original of Trichomycterinae based on 566 cytochrome b sequences (405 haplotypes) with 999bp. Bayesian Inference with values above each branch correspond to the branch consistency index (BPP); Figure S2. Phylogenetic tree original of Trichomycterinae based on 566 cytochrome b sequences (405 haplotypes) with 999bp. Bayesian Inference with values above each branch correspond to age for clades, as well as the margin of error demonstrated in node bars; Figure S3. Phylogenetic tree original of Trichomycterinae based on 566 cytochrome b sequences (405 haplotypes) with 999bp. Maximum Likelihood with values above each branch correspond to the branch consistency index (ML bootstrap); Table S1: Sequences used in the present study with their respective locations, references, haplotypes, and clades according to the phylogenetic tree in figure 2; Table S2: Type locality of the species nominally allocated to Trichomycterus and of the type species of the nine genera of Trichomycterinae. Type species in asterisk.; Table S3A: Table with percentages of K2P pairwise genetic distances between the subclades of Trichomycterus sensu stricto. Values in diagonal (below, dark grey) correspond to the genetic distance between clades by category. Values above (above, blue) refer to the respective standard errors. Bold values on the diagonal refer to the intraclade distance (1 to 31, as referenced in Table S1 and S3C); Table S3B: Genetic divergence range, by category, and occurrence within subclades. genera and subfamily; Table S3C: List of Alphabetical clade code and respective genus/species and numerical subclade code with respective species.</p>
Data from: Species limits and introgression in Pimelodus from the Magdalena-Cauca River basin
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
FIGURE 2 in Description of a new diminutive Hyloxalus (Anura: Dendrobatidae: Hyloxalinae) from the Magdalena Valley of Colombia
FIGURE 2. Details of the arm gland in adult males of some Colombian species of the genus Hyloxalus: (A–B) black arm gland of Hyloxalus ramosi (IAvH-Am-5496, SVL =18.2 mm); (C–D) black arm gland of Hyloxalus fascianigrus (IAvH-Am- 6224, SVL =18.4 mm); (E–F) black arm gland Hyloxalus lehmanni (IAvH-Am-1793, SVL =18.1 mm); (G–H) pale arm gland Hyloxalus arliensis sp. nov. (Paratype IAvH-Am-6554, SVL =17.3 mm); (I–J) pale arm gland Hyloxalus saltuarius (IAvH-Am- 7644, SVL =20.0 mm).
FIGURE 1 in Description of a new diminutive Hyloxalus (Anura: Dendrobatidae: Hyloxalinae) from the Magdalena Valley of Colombia
FIGURE 1. Altitudinal distribution of the species of the genus Hyloxalus in Colombia. * Records that represent a wide distribution throughout the Andean region probably correspond to species complexes.
FIGURE 12 in Calling for a reassessment of rodent diversity in Colombia: description of a new species of Neacomys (Cricetidae: Oryzomyini) from the Magdalena Valley, with a new phylogenetic hypothesis for the genus and comments on its diversification
FIGURE 12. Illustration of Neacomys serranensis sp. nov. by wildlife artist and zoologist Velizar Simeonovski.
FIGURE 10 in Calling for a reassessment of rodent diversity in Colombia: description of a new species of Neacomys (Cricetidae: Oryzomyini) from the Magdalena Valley, with a new phylogenetic hypothesis for the genus and comments on its diversification
FIGURE 10. Comparison of the lateral profiles of the skulls of Trans-Andean species of Neacomys present in Colombia: A) Neacomys sp. nov. (UIS-MHN-M 1068, holotype). B) Neacomys tenuipes (UIS-MHN-M 1723). Note a more convex profile of the braincase, a thicker hamular process of the squamosal, a broader condylar process, a larger and laterally projected mental foramen, and the anterior margin of nasals without a hump in Neacomys sp. nov. con: condylar process; hp: hamular process of the squamosal; mf: mental foramen; nas: nasals.
FIGURE 8 in Calling for a reassessment of rodent diversity in Colombia: description of a new species of Neacomys (Cricetidae: Oryzomyini) from the Magdalena Valley, with a new phylogenetic hypothesis for the genus and comments on its diversification
FIGURE 8. Ventral perspectives of adult specimens illustrating the striking difference in ventral fur of the two Trans-Andean species of Neacomys present in Colombia: A) Holotype of Neacomys sp. nov (UIS-MHN-M 1068). B) Section of the holotype of Neacomys sp. nov. showing its characteristic gray-based ochraceous-buff ventral fur. C) Neacomys tenuipes (UIS-MHN-M 1723); note the contrasting entirely white ventral fur of this species.
FIGURE 7 in Calling for a reassessment of rodent diversity in Colombia: description of a new species of Neacomys (Cricetidae: Oryzomyini) from the Magdalena Valley, with a new phylogenetic hypothesis for the genus and comments on its diversification
FIGURE 7. Frontal perspectives of adult specimens belonging to the two Trans-Andean species of Neacomys present in Colombia: A) Holotype of Neacomys sp. nov (UIS-MHN-M 1068); note the distinctive broad ochraceous-orange patches in the sides of the muzzle of this species. B) Neacomys tenuipes (UIS-MHN-M 1723).
FIGURE 6 in Calling for a reassessment of rodent diversity in Colombia: description of a new species of Neacomys (Cricetidae: Oryzomyini) from the Magdalena Valley, with a new phylogenetic hypothesis for the genus and comments on its diversification
FIGURE 6. Dorsal perspectives of adult specimens belonging to the two Trans-Andean species of Neacomys present in Colombia: A) Holotype of Neacomys sp. nov (UIS-MHN-M 1068). B) Neacomys tenuipes (UIS-MHN-M 1723); note that a portion of the tail is missing in this specimen.
FIGURE 5. A in Calling for a reassessment of rodent diversity in Colombia: description of a new species of Neacomys (Cricetidae: Oryzomyini) from the Magdalena Valley, with a new phylogenetic hypothesis for the genus and comments on its diversification
FIGURE 5. A) Montane forest habitat along the left Bank of the La San Guillerma stream, adjacent to the type locality of Neacomys sp. nov. (municipality of El Carmen de Chucurí) (Photograph by Juliette Gualdrón) B) View of the forest remnant where the second specimen of Neacomys sp nov. was collected (municipality of Hato) (Photograph by Juliette Gualdrón). C) Topography of the western slope of the Serranía de los Yariguíes from the campsite "Finca Buenos Aires"; near the type locality of Neacomys sp. nov. D) Educational activity with members of the community in the municipality of El Carmen del Chucurí, Vereda la Bodega, Sector Manchurrias, illustrating the importance of government funded projects (like Santander BIO expeditions), not only to inventory the biodiversity of remote areas, but also to teach local people to preserve it.
FIGURE 4 in Calling for a reassessment of rodent diversity in Colombia: description of a new species of Neacomys (Cricetidae: Oryzomyini) from the Magdalena Valley, with a new phylogenetic hypothesis for the genus and comments on its diversification
FIGURE 4. Scatterplots of the Principal Components Analyses: PC1 and PC2 are represented in the graphics. A. PCA of the external and craniodental variables of all the small-bodied species of Neacomys; B. PCA of the craniodental variables of N. tenuipes and Neacomys sp. nov. Miniatures in the right side correspond to the Bayesian Cytb phylogeny recovered here (FIGURE 3): species in the scatterplots and the phylogenies are same colored.
FIGURE 3 in Calling for a reassessment of rodent diversity in Colombia: description of a new species of Neacomys (Cricetidae: Oryzomyini) from the Magdalena Valley, with a new phylogenetic hypothesis for the genus and comments on its diversification
FIGURE 3. Bayesian Inference topology based on Cytb sequence data used to assess the position of Neacomys sp. nov. in relation to other species in the genus (BI and ML analyses resulted in congruent topologies). Support values are indicated for each node (Bayesian posterior probabilities to the left, and percentages of 1,000 bootstrap replicates to the right). Each terminal is identified by country of origin, the next largest political unit, and GenBank accession number (in red). For specimens of N. tenuipes and Neacomys sp. nov. sequenced here, collection numbers are provided, as well as a number referring to localities mapped in FIGURE 2 and listed in Appendix I. Shaded colored boxes enclose the species groups proposed by Hurtado & Pacheco (2017) and Semedo et al. (2020). Abbreviations: BO (Bolivia), BR (Brazil), CO (Colombia), EC (Ecuador), FG (French Guyana), GU (Guyana), PE (Peru), and SU (Suriname).
FIGURE 11 in Calling for a reassessment of rodent diversity in Colombia: description of a new species of Neacomys (Cricetidae: Oryzomyini) from the Magdalena Valley, with a new phylogenetic hypothesis for the genus and comments on its diversification
FIGURE 11. Selected qualitative morphological traits differentiating Trans-Andean species of Neacomys present in Colombia: A), C), E) Neacomys sp. nov. B), D), F) N. tenuipes. Note the tegmen tympani exposed above the dorsal surface of the ectotympanic, the opened ectotympanic ring, the larger orbicular apophysis of the malleus, the bifurcated paraoccipital process, the deeper folds of the upper molars, and the divided mesoflexus of M1 in the new species. ab: auditory bullae; adeect: anterodorsal edge of the ectotympanic; hyp: hypoflexus; hp: hamular process of the squamosal; M1 prc: procingulum of first upper molar; mes: mesoflexus; met: metaflexus; mt: mastoid tubercle; oa: orbicular apophysis; par: paraflexus; pgf: postglenoid foramen; pp: paraoccipital process; pro: protoflexus; ssf: subsquamosal fenestra; tt: tegmen tympani.
FIGURE 2 in Calling for a reassessment of rodent diversity in Colombia: description of a new species of Neacomys (Cricetidae: Oryzomyini) from the Magdalena Valley, with a new phylogenetic hypothesis for the genus and comments on its diversification
FIGURE 2. Map showing collection localities of the named and unamed small-bodied species of Neacomys (except N. pictus) along with salient topographic features of northern South America. Localities of N. tenuipes and Neacomys sp. nov are numbered according to Appendix I. Localities of the remaining species are detailed in Voss et al. (2001), Sánchez-Vendizú et al. (2018), and Semedo et al. (2020). Miniature in the right side of the map corresponds to the Bayesian Cytb phylogeny recovered here (FIGURE 3): species in the map and phylogeny are same colored; the numbers in some nodes correspond to the median divergence times estimated by Upham et al. (2019) within Neacomys.
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