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FIGURE 21. a. Erctella mazzullii from Monte Pellegrino, genitalia. b. Idem, internal structures shown. c in Monographic revision of the endemic Helix mazzullii De Cristofori & Jan, 1832 complex from Sicily and re-introduction of the genus Erctella Monterosato, 1894 (Pulmonata, Stylommatophora, Helicidae)

FIGURE 21. a. Erctella mazzullii from Monte Pellegrino, genitalia. b. Idem, internal structures shown. c. Erctella mazzullii from Monte Pecoraro, Genitalia with internal structure.

FIGURE 8b. 50 in Monographic revision of the endemic Helix mazzullii De Cristofori & Jan, 1832 complex from Sicily and re-introduction of the genus Erctella Monterosato, 1894 (Pulmonata, Stylommatophora, Helicidae)

FIGURE 8b. 50% majority rule Bayesian tree inferred from a combined dataset including partial sequences of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA and 12S rRNA and the nuclear ITS-2 genes. Numbers above branches represent Bayesian posterior probabilities.

FIGURE 23. a. Erctella insolida from Monte Cofano, genitalia. b. Idem, internal structures shown. c in Monographic revision of the endemic Helix mazzullii De Cristofori & Jan, 1832 complex from Sicily and re-introduction of the genus Erctella Monterosato, 1894 (Pulmonata, Stylommatophora, Helicidae)

FIGURE 23. a. Erctella insolida from Monte Cofano, genitalia. b. Idem, internal structures shown. c. Erctella insolida from San Vito lo Capo, Genitalia, internal structures shown.

FIGURES 15–17 in Monographic revision of the endemic Helix mazzullii De Cristofori & Jan, 1832 complex from Sicily and re-introduction of the genus Erctella Monterosato, 1894 (Pulmonata, Stylommatophora, Helicidae)

FIGURES 15–17. Erctella cephalaeditana samples from Cefalù, La Rocca showing different morphotypes. Each shell shown in frontal (a) and dorsal (b) view. 15. height (H): 30 mm, maximum diameter (D): 29 mm. 16. H: 31 mm, D: 26 mm. 17. H: 25 mm, D: 23 mm.

FIGURES 12–14 in Monographic revision of the endemic Helix mazzullii De Cristofori & Jan, 1832 complex from Sicily and re-introduction of the genus Erctella Monterosato, 1894 (Pulmonata, Stylommatophora, Helicidae)

FIGURES 12–14. Erctella mazzullii samples from various sites showing different morphotypes. Each shell shown in frontal (a) and dorsal (b) view. 12. Palermo, Sferracavallo, la Montagnola, H: 29 mm, D: 28 mm. 13. Palermo, Cinisi, Monte Pecoraro, H: 36 mm, D: 34 mm. 14. Sine loco, Paleontological Museum of University of Catania (MPUC), Monterosato collection, Lot 1187, H: 31 mm, D: 30 mm, sinistral shell.

FIGURES 18–20 in Monographic revision of the endemic Helix mazzullii De Cristofori & Jan, 1832 complex from Sicily and re-introduction of the genus Erctella Monterosato, 1894 (Pulmonata, Stylommatophora, Helicidae)

FIGURES 18–20. Erctella insolida samples from several sites of the Trapani province showing different morphotypes. Each shell shown in frontal (a) and dorsal (b) view. 18. San Vito lo Capo, Cala Mancina, height (H): 34 mm, maximum diameter (D): 30 mm. 19. Custonaci, Monte S. Giovanni, H: 37 mm, D: 34 mm. 20. San Vito lo Capo, Monte Passo del Lupo, H: 40 mm, D: 37 mm.

FIGURE 8a. Maximum Likelihood consensus tree inferred from a in Monographic revision of the endemic Helix mazzullii De Cristofori & Jan, 1832 complex from Sicily and re-introduction of the genus Erctella Monterosato, 1894 (Pulmonata, Stylommatophora, Helicidae)

FIGURE 8a. Maximum Likelihood consensus tree inferred from a combined dataset including partial sequences of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA and 12S rRNA and the nuclear ITS-2 genes. Numbers above branches represent bootstrap values.

FIGURE 1 in Monographic revision of the endemic Helix mazzullii De Cristofori & Jan, 1832 complex from Sicily and re-introduction of the genus Erctella Monterosato, 1894 (Pulmonata, Stylommatophora, Helicidae)

FIGURE 1. Geographic distribution of Erctella species in northwestern Sicily. = E. insolida; = E. mazzullii; = E. cephalaeditana.

FIG. 8 in Revision of Mediterranean and NE Atlantic Raphitomidae (Gastropoda, Conoidea) 8: The genus Leufroyia Monterosato, 1884

FIG. 8. — Leufroyia leufroyi (Michaud, 1828). Murter Island (Croatia), 3 m, h. 7.85 mm. A, Frontal view of shell; B-D, apical (B), frontal (D) and dorsal (C) view of protoconch. Scale bars: 2 mm (A), 300 µm (B-D).

FIG. 13 in Revision of Mediterranean and NE Atlantic Raphitomidae (Gastropoda, Conoidea) 8: The genus Leufroyia Monterosato, 1884

FIG. 13. — Leufroyia concinna (Scacchi, 1836). Dugi Otok Island (Croatia), 32-40 m, h. 10.53 mm. A, Frontal view of shell. B-D, apical (B), frontal (D) and dorsal (C) view of protoconch. Scale bars: 2 mm (A), 300 µm (B-D).

FIG. 21. — A in Revision of Mediterranean and NE Atlantic Raphitomidae (Gastropoda, Conoidea) 8: The genus Leufroyia Monterosato, 1884

FIG. 21. — A, Pleurotoma inflata De Cristofori & Jan, 1832, Lectotype, (MCSNM i 4296) Tabiano (Parma) Piacentian (Pliocene), h. 15.3 mm (after Pinna & Spezia, 1978, pl. 40); B, P. inflata, Ficarazzi (Palermo) (Lower Pleistocene), h. 18.9 mm (NMW, 12930), erroneously identified by Monterosato as Leufroyia volutella; C, P. inflata, Monte Pellegrino (Palermo) (Plio-Pleistocene) (MCZR-M-16706), h. 23.9 mm; D, Pleurotoma volutella Kiener, 1839, original drawings by Kiener, h. 25.4 mm; E, P. volutella, Ficarazzi (Palermo) (Lower Pleistocene), h. 21.5 mm; F, Pleurotoma cf. volutella Monte Pellegrino (Palermo) (Pliocene), h. 25.8 mm.

FIG. 18 in Revision of Mediterranean and NE Atlantic Raphitomidae (Gastropoda, Conoidea) 8: The genus Leufroyia Monterosato, 1884

FIG. 18. — Leufroyia villaria (Pusateri & Giannuzzi-Savelli, 2008): A, Mljet Island (Croatia) -70-100 m, amidst red coral colonies, h. 12.22 mm; B, Saronic Gulf (Greece), h. 16.1 mm; C, Saronic Gulf (Greece), h. 18.3 mm; D, South Eastern Sicily (Italy), h. 13.1 mm; E, Mljet Island (Croatia) 70-100 m, amidst red coral colonies, h. 11.5 mm; F, Lastovo Island (Croatia) 200 m, h. 16.7 mm; G, Mljet Island (Croatia) 70-100 m, amidst red coral colonies, h. 8.1 mm. Photo courtesy: B, C, Costas Kontadakis; D, Roberto Ardovini; F, Pero Ugarković.

FIG. 17 in Revision of Mediterranean and NE Atlantic Raphitomidae (Gastropoda, Conoidea) 8: The genus Leufroyia Monterosato, 1884

FIG. 17. — Leufroyia villaria (Pusateri & Giannuzzi-Savelli, 2008): A, holotype (MNHN-IM-2000-27244), Taormina (Italy) -15 m, h. 17.3 mm; B, paratype C (GOR), Capraia Island (Italy) 150 m, h. 16.9 mm; C, paratype A (MNHN-IM-2000-23353), Ras il-Wahx (Malta), 80-100 m, h. 11.5 mm; D, East Sicily (Italy), h. 12.4 mm; E, Porto Cesareo (Taranto - Italy), h. 14.2 mm; F, Fomm Ir-Riħ (Malta) 140 m, h. 10.76 mm; G, Ionian coasts of Calabria (Italy), h. 13.7 mm; H, Gorée (Senegal) (MNHN, Knudsen coll.), h. 11.4 mm; I, Mljet Island (Croatia), 70-100 m, amidst red coral colonies, h. 10.62 mm; J, Mljet Island (Croatia), 70-100 m, amidst red coral colonies, h. 8.58 mm; K, Saronikos Gulf (Greece), h. 17.1 mm; L, Saronikos Gulf (Greece), h. 16.6 mm. Photo courtesy: D, G, Roberto Ardovini; K, L, Costas Kontadakis.

FIG. 15 in Revision of Mediterranean and NE Atlantic Raphitomidae (Gastropoda, Conoidea) 8: The genus Leufroyia Monterosato, 1884

FIG. 15. — Leufroyia erronea Monterosato, 1884. A, Syntype, Shetland Islands (USNM 190581 ex Jeffreys coll.), h. 14.8 mm; B, Shetland Islands (USNM 190582 ex Jeffreys coll.), h. 14.5 mm; C, Shetland Islands (USNM 190578 ex Jeffreys coll.), h. 19.4 mm; D, Galicia (Spain), h. 16.2 mm; E, Mljet Island (Croatia), 70-100 m, amidst red coral colonies, h. 9.1 mm; F, Mljet Island (Croatia), 70-100 m, amidst red coral colonies, h. 8.3 mm; G, Mljet Island (Croatia), 70-100 m, amidst red coral colonies, h. 5.3 mm; H, Saronic Gulf (Greece), h. 6.15 mm - scale bar 200 µm. I, Pleurotomella demosia (Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1896), Açores (MNHN), 1300 m, 38°33'21"N, 30°28'54" W, h. 7.3 mm. Photo courtesy: A-C, Jolanda Villacampa (USNM); H, Costas Kontadakis.

FIG. 14 in Revision of Mediterranean and NE Atlantic Raphitomidae (Gastropoda, Conoidea) 8: The genus Leufroyia Monterosato, 1884

FIG. 14. — Leufroyia erronea Monterosato, 1884: A, Sardinia (Italy), h. 15.8 mm, with original labels by Tiberi and Monterosato; B, sine loco, h. 10.5 mm; C, Gorgona Island (Italy), h. 12.5 mm; D, Spain, h. 24 mm; E, Capraia Island (Italy) 120 m, h. 27 mm; F, Latium (Italy), h. 15.5 mm; G, Capo Corso (Italy), h. 8.5 mm; H, Mljet Island (Croatia) 70-100 m, h. 10.6 mm; I, Mljet Island (Croatia) 70-100 m, h. 15.7 mm. Photo courtesy: D, Peter Stahlschmidt, E, Enzo Campani, H, Morena Tisselli.

FIG. 12 in Revision of Mediterranean and NE Atlantic Raphitomidae (Gastropoda, Conoidea) 8: The genus Leufroyia Monterosato, 1884

FIG. 12. — Photographs of three living animals of Leufroyia concinna (Scacchi, 1836): A-B, Čiovo Island (Croatia), 5 m, h. 9.5 mm; C-D, Pag Island (Croatia), 3 m; E-F, Čiovo Island (Croatia), 3 m, h. 11.5 mm. Photo courtesy: A-B, E-F, Pero Ugarković; C-D, Alen Petani.

FIG. 10 in Revision of Mediterranean and NE Atlantic Raphitomidae (Gastropoda, Conoidea) 8: The genus Leufroyia Monterosato, 1884

FIG. 10. — Leufroyia concinna (Scacchi,1836) from NE Atlantic: A, Paimpol (Brittany, France), h. 13.6 mm; B, Ouessant Island (Finistère, France), h. 6.6 mm; C, Roscoff (Brittany, France) 85 m, h. 14.5 mm; D, Aberdeen Bank (57°02'N, 1°12'W) 58 m, h. 11.4 mm; E, Aberdeen Bank (57°01'N, 1°13'W) 54 m, h. 11.4 mm; F, Clyde (Scotland), USNM 305163 ex Henderson coll., h. 12.9 mm; G, Cumbrae Island (Scotland) (USNM 190583 ex Jeffreys coll.), h. 13.3 mm with periostracum; H, Cornwall (England), h. 9.8 mm; I, Puerto del Carmen (Lanzarote Island - Canaries), h. 9.5 mm; J, Playa de Sardina (Gran Canaria Island), h. 8.5 mm; K, Playa de Sardina (Gran Canaria Island), h. 8.8 mm. Photo courtesy: A-E, Christiane Delongueville; F-G, Jolanda Villacampa; H, David Fenwick; I, Ignazio Sparacio; J-K, Javier Martin.

FIG. 5 in Revision of Mediterranean and NE Atlantic Raphitomidae (Gastropoda, Conoidea) 8: The genus Leufroyia Monterosato, 1884

FIG. 5. — Leufroyia leufroyi (Michaud, 1828): A, Sevid (Croatia) 18 m, h. 17 mm; B, Murter Island (Croatia) 3 m, h. 18.2 mm; C, Murter Island (Croatia) 3 m, h. 15.5 mm; D, Saronic Gulf (Greece), h. 15.8 mm; E, Le Dramont (Saint Raphael, France), h. 15.8 mm; F, Secca del Frate, Palmaiola Island (Tuscan Archipelago), h. 15.2 mm; G, Clathurella mirabilis Locard, 1891, syntype (MNHN), Belle Isle (Brittany, France), h. 18.6 mm; H, Tuscan Archipelago, h. 20 mm; I, Tuscan Archipelago, h. 15.5 mm; J, Split (Croatia) 3 m, h. 9 mm; K, Mljet Island (Croatia), 60-100 m h. 6.1 mm; L, Ponta Delgada (São Miguel Island, Açores), h: 2.3 mm; M, Elba Island (Italy), h. 0.8 mm. Photo courtesy: A. Pero Ugarković; D. Costas Kontadakis; E. Dominique Horst.

FIG. 4 in Revision of Mediterranean and NE Atlantic Raphitomidae (Gastropoda, Conoidea) 8: The genus Leufroyia Monterosato, 1884

FIG. 4. — Leufroyia leufroyi (Michaud, 1828): A, original engravings; B, potential syntypes, MDCL ('Méditerranée') 13.1 and 15 mm; C, potential syntype, 13.1 mm; D, original label by Locard; E, Murter Island (Croatia), 15.4 mm (H/D = 2.54); F, Murter Island (Croatia), 15.2 mm (H/D = 2.10); G, Gulf of Termini Imerese (Palermo - Italy), h. 22.71 mm (with 19 ribs); H, Isola delle Femmine (Palermo - Italy), h. 14 mm (specimen with 10 axial ribs on last whorl). Photo courtesy: B-D, Cédric Audibert; G-H, Ignazio Sparacio.

FIG. 1. — A in Revision of Mediterranean and NE Atlantic Raphitomidae (Gastropoda, Conoidea) 8: The genus Leufroyia Monterosato, 1884

FIG. 1. — A, Scheme of the shell parameters. B, measurements taken on protoconch (according to Verduin 1977). Abbreviations: A, aperture; W, width; H, height; S. F., siphonal fasciole; Dnuc, diameter of nucleus; D½, diameter of first half-whorl; D1, diameter of first whorl; max. D, maximum diameter; p.e., protoconch end. Scale bar: 200 μm.