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597 results for “Planarian”
FIGURE 7. Caenoplana variegata. NHMUK97 in The identity of the invasive yellow-striped terrestrial planarian found recently in Europe: Caenoplana variegata (Fletcher & Hamilton, 1888) or Caenoplana bicolor (Graff, 1899)?
FIGURE 7. Caenoplana variegata. NHMUK97: a, LS showing several mature testes, scale 200 µm; b, TS showing the ventral nerve cord, ovovitelline duct and testis on one side, scale 100 µm; c, LS showing the immature ovovitelline duct immediately dorsal to the ventral nerve cord, scale 200 µm; d & e, LS of the portion containing the copulatory apparatus: d, the extent of the male atrium (right); e, the extent of the female atrium (left). Both extend beyond the sectioned portion. Scale 2 mm.
FIGURE 4 in A catalogue of Eudóxia M. Froehlich's collection of planarians (Platyhelminthes) with emphasis on type specimens on histological slides
FIGURE 4. Picture of a detail of a drawer showing five histological glass slides of Froehlich's collection. Note labels partially eaten by insects.
FIGURE 2 in New records of the giant planarian Polycladus gayi Blanchard, 1845 (Platyhelminthes: Geoplanidae) with notes on its conservation biology
FIGURE 2. Distributional map of Polycladus gayi Blanchard, 1845, developed with ArcGIS v. 10.4.1. Land use is classified by different colors and the new records are marked as green circles. Geopolitic regions are numbered from North to South.
FIGURE 1. Polycladus gayi Blanchard, 1845 in New records of the giant planarian Polycladus gayi Blanchard, 1845 (Platyhelminthes: Geoplanidae) with notes on its conservation biology
FIGURE 1. Polycladus gayi Blanchard, 1845: (A) living individual in native forest, Parque Tagua Tagua, Región de Los Lagos. Photo: Parque Tagua Tagua; (B) living individual with size reference, Villa García, Región de La Araucanía. Photo: Augusto Castro.
FIGURE 1 in Cataloguing Prof. Eudóxia M. Froehlich's wet collection of land planarians (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae): a bounty of type specimens of 78 species
FIGURE 1. Some of the 80 jars, containing specimens, after replacing the medium with new 80% ethanol.
FIGURE 3 in Cataloguing Prof. Eudóxia M. Froehlich's wet collection of land planarians (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae): a bounty of type specimens of 78 species
FIGURE 3. Examples of preservation condition of type specimens: A: very good (Geoplana garua); B: good (Geoplana chalona); C: bad (Geoplana irua); D: very bad (Geoplana assu). At different scales.
Data from: Outstanding intraindividual genetic diversity in fissiparous planarians (Dugesia, Platyhelminthes) with facultative sex
Background: Predicted genetic consequences of asexuality include high intraindividual genetic diversity (i.e., the Meselson effect) and accumulation of deleterious mutations (i.e., Muller's Ratchet), among others. These consequences have been largely studied in parthenogenetic organisms, but studies on fissiparous species are scarce. Differing from parthenogens, fissiparous organisms inherit part of the soma of the progenitor, including somatic mutations. Thus, in the long term, fissiparous reproduction may also result in genetic mosaicism, besides the presence of the Meselson effect and Muller's Ratchet. Dugesiidae planarians show outstanding regeneration capabilities, allowing them to naturally reproduce by fission, either strictly or combined with sex (facultative). Therefore, they are an ideal model to analyze the genetic footprint of fissiparous reproduction, both when it is alternated with sex and when it is the only mode of reproduction. Results: In the present study, we generate and analyze intraindividual cloned data of a nuclear and a mitochondrial gene of sexual, fissiparous and facultative wild populations of the species Dugesia subtentaculata. We find that most individuals, independently of their reproductive strategy, are mosaics. However, the intraindividual haplotype and nucleotide diversity of fissiparous and facultative individuals is significantly higher than in sexual individuals, with no signs of Muller's Ratchet. Finally, we also find that this high intraindividual genetic diversity of fissiparous and facultative individuals is composed by different combinations of ancestral and derived haplotypes of the species. Conclusions: The intraindividual analyses of genetic diversity point out that fissiparous reproduction leaves a very special genetic footprint in individuals, characterized by mosaicism combined with the Meselson effect (named in the present study as the mosaic Meselson effect). Interestingly, the different intraindividual combinations of ancestral and derivate genetic diversity indicate that haplotypes generated during periods of fissiparous reproduction can be also transmitted to the progeny through sexual events, resulting in offspring showing a wide range of genetic diversity and putatively allowing purifying selection to act at both intraindividual and individual level. Further investigations, using Dugesia planarians as model organisms, would be of great value to delve into this new model of genetic evolution by the combination of fission and sex.
FIGURE 8. Microplana gadesensis. CRBA443-444. A in Terrestrial planarians (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Terricola) from the Iberian Peninsula: new records and description of three new species
FIGURE 8. Microplana gadesensis. CRBA443-444. A. Sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the left. CRBA445. B. Sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the left.
FIGURE 7. Microplana gadesensis. CRBA443-444. A–B in Terrestrial planarians (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Terricola) from the Iberian Peninsula: new records and description of three new species
FIGURE 7. Microplana gadesensis. CRBA443-444. A–B. Sagittal sections of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the left.
FIGURE 5. Microplana grazalemica. CRBA438-A439. A in Terrestrial planarians (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Terricola) from the Iberian Peninsula: new records and description of three new species
FIGURE 5. Microplana grazalemica. CRBA438-A439. A. Sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the left. CRBA440-442. B. Sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the left.
FIGURE 4. Microplana grazalemica. CRBA438-A439.A–B in Terrestrial planarians (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Terricola) from the Iberian Peninsula: new records and description of three new species
FIGURE 4. Microplana grazalemica. CRBA438-A439.A–B. Sagittal sections of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the left.
FIGURE 1 in Terrestrial planarians (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Terricola) from the Iberian Peninsula: new records and description of three new species
FIGURE 1. Distributional records of autochthonous terrestrial planarians in the Iberian Peninsula. A. Iberian Peninsula excluding Catalonia. B. Catalonia. Numbers indicate the total number of localities in each area. Arrow points to the type locality of the three new species.
FIGURE 2. Microplana aixandrei. Holotype. CRBA435. A. Living animal. B. Sagittal section through the head. C. Sagittal section through front end. D–E in Terrestrial planarians (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Terricola) from the Iberian Peninsula: new records and description of three new species
FIGURE 2. Microplana aixandrei. Holotype. CRBA435. A. Living animal. B. Sagittal section through the head. C. Sagittal section through front end. D–E. Sagittal sections of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the left. F. Sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the left.
FIGURE 3. A in Terrestrial planarians (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Terricola) from the Iberian Peninsula: new records and description of three new species
FIGURE 3. A. Diagrammatic transverse section through the pharynx of Microplana aixandrei showing the arrangement of the rows of longitudinal and circular muscles. B. Microplana grazalemica. Living animal. Scale bar 1mm.
FIGURE 4 in A new Peruvian land planarian species of the genus Gigantea (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Geoplanidae)
FIGURE 4. Gigantea urubambensis sp. nov. Holotype. A. Ventral median part of transversal section through prepharyngeal region. B. Dorsal median part of transversal section through pre-pharyngeal region. C-D. Sagittal section through anterior region. D. Detailed view of communication between ovary and ovovitelline duct. E-F. Sagittal section through female reproductive system. Arrowhead marks nematode larva.
FIGURE 3 in A new Peruvian land planarian species of the genus Gigantea (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Geoplanidae)
FIGURE 3. Gigantea urubambensis sp. nov. Holotype. A. Diagrammatic transverse section of pre-pharyngeal region. B. Sagittal reconstruction of the pharynx; anterior end to the right.
FIGURE 2 in A new Peruvian land planarian species of the genus Gigantea (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Geoplanidae)
FIGURE 2. Gigantea urubambensis sp. nov. Holotype. Schematic drawing of the eyes of anterior (A) and posterior (B) body regions in dorsal view from preserved specimen (the marginal bands were omitted).
FIGURE 5 in A new Peruvian land planarian species of the genus Gigantea (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Geoplanidae)
FIGURE 5. Gigantea urubambensis sp. nov. Holotype. Sagittal section through the copulatory apparatus; anterior end to the right.
FIGURE 6 in A new Peruvian land planarian species of the genus Gigantea (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Geoplanidae)
FIGURE 6. Gigantea urubambensis sp. nov. Holotype. Sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior end to the right. Only left efferent and left ovovitelline ducts are shown.
FIGURE 18 in Freshwater planarians (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida) from the Iberian Peninsula and Greece: diversity and notes on ecology
FIGURE 18. Polycelis nigra, (A) egg capsule from a laboratory population originating from animals collected from the river Uncín near the beach of Concha de Artedo (Asturias, northern Spain), (B–C) specimen from the river Muga (Girona, northeastern Spain), (B) adult worm encysted, (C) adult worm at the moment of being forced to leave its envelope.
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OpenNeuro
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