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Text-fig. 26. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of stamens and pollen grains of Elasmostemon paisii gen. et sp. nov. (a–c) and laminar stamens with monocolpate reticulate pollen sp. (d–g); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Stamen fragment with basal portion missing showing two pairs of pollen sacs on one surface of the stamen close to the margin and separated by a broad connective, except near the apex where the thecae meet; note that the thecae are dehisced with the walls of the pollen sacs curled back; b) Pollen grains inside a dehisced pollen sac; note variation in size and development of the reticulum; c) Detail of (b) showing monocolpate, reticulate pollen with lumen of reticulum varying markedly in size but partly obscured by residual organic material; d) Stamen with apical and basal part of anther preserved showing two pairs of pollen sacs (asterisks) on the curved, perhaps ventral, surface close to the stamen margin; e) Detail of crack in the anther showing the inner anther wall with densely spaced spherical orbicules that vary greatly in size; f) Pollen exposed in the crack in the anther; note coarsely foveolate to coarsely reticulate pollen wall and densely spaced orbicules; g) Folded pollen grains with reticulate pollen wall and also showing the inner anther wall with densely spaced spherical orbicules that vary greatly in size. Specimens, Catefica 49-S172560 (a–c), Catefica 50- S170384 (d–g). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a, d), 20 Μm (b, e), 6 Μm (c, f, g). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms
Text-fig. 26. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of stamens and pollen grains of Elasmostemon paisii gen. et sp. nov. (a–c) and laminar stamens with monocolpate reticulate pollen sp. (d–g); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Stamen fragment with basal portion missing showing two pairs of pollen sacs on one surface of the stamen close to the margin and separated by a broad connective, except near the apex where the thecae meet; note that the thecae are dehisced with the walls of the pollen sacs curled back; b) Pollen grains inside a dehisced pollen sac; note variation in size and development of the reticulum; c) Detail of (b) showing monocolpate, reticulate pollen with lumen of reticulum varying markedly in size but partly obscured by residual organic material; d) Stamen with apical and basal part of anther preserved showing two pairs of pollen sacs (asterisks) on the curved, perhaps ventral, surface close to the stamen margin; e) Detail of crack in the anther showing the inner anther wall with densely spaced spherical orbicules that vary greatly in size; f) Pollen exposed in the crack in the anther; note coarsely foveolate to coarsely reticulate pollen wall and densely spaced orbicules; g) Folded pollen grains with reticulate pollen wall and also showing the inner anther wall with densely spaced spherical orbicules that vary greatly in size. Specimens, Catefica 49-S172560 (a–c), Catefica 50- S170384 (d–g). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a, d), 20 Μm (b, e), 6 Μm (c, f, g).
Text-fig. 33. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, a, c) and scanning electron microscope (SEM, b, d) images of Paisia pantoporata (a–c) and?Paisia sp. (d); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Lateral view (volume rendering) of flower showing the carpels (c) and the fleshy tepals (t) that have a slightly bulge near the base; b) Pollen grains in situ from stamen showing scattered pores and spiny supratectal ornamentation; c) Transverse section (orthoslice xz1024) through flower showing the pentamerous organization with five tepals (green) five stamens (yellow) and five carpels (red) all on the same radii; d) Lateral view of floral structure with three free carpels borne on the swollen receptacle that has poorly defined facets at the apex indicating the former presence of perianth parts. Specimens, Catefica 49-S101214 (a, c), Catefica 50-S170188 (b), Catefica MM125-P0292 (d). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, c, d), 6 Μm (b). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms
Text-fig. 33. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, a, c) and scanning electron microscope (SEM, b, d) images of Paisia pantoporata (a–c) and?Paisia sp. (d); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Lateral view (volume rendering) of flower showing the carpels (c) and the fleshy tepals (t) that have a slightly bulge near the base; b) Pollen grains in situ from stamen showing scattered pores and spiny supratectal ornamentation; c) Transverse section (orthoslice xz1024) through flower showing the pentamerous organization with five tepals (green) five stamens (yellow) and five carpels (red) all on the same radii; d) Lateral view of floral structure with three free carpels borne on the swollen receptacle that has poorly defined facets at the apex indicating the former presence of perianth parts. Specimens, Catefica 49-S101214 (a, c), Catefica 50-S170188 (b), Catefica MM125-P0292 (d). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, c, d), 6 Μm (b).
Text-fig. 30. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of anther and pollen of Kempia longicolpites; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Transverse section through an anther showing the four pollen sacs with in situ pollen; b) Pollen in situ from anther in (a) showing very long colpus and loosely attached reticulum; c) Detail of reticulum showing smooth muri supported by short, scattered columellae; d) Pollen grain from anther in (a) enlarged showing colpus extended beyond the equator and loosely attached reticulum; e) Detail of pollen wall showing thick, homogeneous foot layer, columellae and reticulate tectum; note remains of granular endexine (arrows) in the apertural region of the grain; f) Internal view of reticulum showing the short columellae adhering to the muri detached from the foot layer. Specimen, Catefica 49-S101208 (a–f). Scale bars = 100 Μm (a), 20 Μm (b), 6 Μm (d), 3 Μm (c, e, f). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms
Text-fig. 30. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of anther and pollen of Kempia longicolpites; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Transverse section through an anther showing the four pollen sacs with in situ pollen; b) Pollen in situ from anther in (a) showing very long colpus and loosely attached reticulum; c) Detail of reticulum showing smooth muri supported by short, scattered columellae; d) Pollen grain from anther in (a) enlarged showing colpus extended beyond the equator and loosely attached reticulum; e) Detail of pollen wall showing thick, homogeneous foot layer, columellae and reticulate tectum; note remains of granular endexine (arrows) in the apertural region of the grain; f) Internal view of reticulum showing the short columellae adhering to the muri detached from the foot layer. Specimen, Catefica 49-S101208 (a–f). Scale bars = 100 Μm (a), 20 Μm (b), 6 Μm (d), 3 Μm (c, e, f).
Text-fig. 10. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of isolated "Stamen fragment with Clavatipollenites-type pollen sp. 1"; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fragment of tetrasporangiate stamen with pollen in situ; b) Detail from stamen fragment showing distal and proximal surfaces of in situ pollen grains and tiny orbicules on the inner surface of the anther wall (arrows); c) Pollen grains in distal view showing short colpi with irregular margins and aperture membrane with irregular verrucae; d) Detail of pollen wall showing the semitectate-reticulate tectum and long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri with finely verrucate supratectal ornamentation. Specimen, Catefica 50-S170387 (a–d). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 20 Μm (b), 6 Μm (c), 1.5 Μm (d). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms
Text-fig. 10. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of isolated "Stamen fragment with Clavatipollenites-type pollen sp. 1"; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Fragment of tetrasporangiate stamen with pollen in situ; b) Detail from stamen fragment showing distal and proximal surfaces of in situ pollen grains and tiny orbicules on the inner surface of the anther wall (arrows); c) Pollen grains in distal view showing short colpi with irregular margins and aperture membrane with irregular verrucae; d) Detail of pollen wall showing the semitectate-reticulate tectum and long, scattered columellae supporting the narrow muri with finely verrucate supratectal ornamentation. Specimen, Catefica 50-S170387 (a–d). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a), 20 Μm (b), 6 Μm (c), 1.5 Μm (d).
Text-fig. 20. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, a) and scanning electron microscope (SEM, b–h) images of fruits of Appomattoxia sp. (a–d) and anther and pollen of Goczania rugosa (e–h); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Surface rendering of fruit in lateral view showing densely spaced hairs, some with delicate coiled tips; b) Fruit in lateral view showing short, densely spaced hairs and apical stigmatic region; c, d) Detail of fruit surface and hairs from fruit in (b); e) Fragmentary anther showing four pollen sacs; f) Proximal view of pollen grains from an abraded anther showing microechinate surface of pollen wall and clusters of small, spiny orbicules; g, h) Proximal (g) and distal (h) views of pollen grains from an isolated pollen sac, showing short colpus (h), tectate pollen wall and microechinate surface ornamentation. Specimens, Catefica 49-S174913 (a), Catefica 49-S107794 (b–d), Catefica 50-S170391 (e), Catefica 49-S170138 (f), Catefica 49-S170143 (g, h). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, b, e), 100 Μm (c), 50 Μm (d), 6 Μm (f–h). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms
Text-fig. 20. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, a) and scanning electron microscope (SEM, b–h) images of fruits of Appomattoxia sp. (a–d) and anther and pollen of Goczania rugosa (e–h); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Surface rendering of fruit in lateral view showing densely spaced hairs, some with delicate coiled tips; b) Fruit in lateral view showing short, densely spaced hairs and apical stigmatic region; c, d) Detail of fruit surface and hairs from fruit in (b); e) Fragmentary anther showing four pollen sacs; f) Proximal view of pollen grains from an abraded anther showing microechinate surface of pollen wall and clusters of small, spiny orbicules; g, h) Proximal (g) and distal (h) views of pollen grains from an isolated pollen sac, showing short colpus (h), tectate pollen wall and microechinate surface ornamentation. Specimens, Catefica 49-S174913 (a), Catefica 49-S107794 (b–d), Catefica 50-S170391 (e), Catefica 49-S170138 (f), Catefica 49-S170143 (g, h). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, b, e), 100 Μm (c), 50 Μm (d), 6 Μm (f–h).
Text-fig. 25. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of stamens and pollen grains of Elasmostemon paisii gen. et sp. nov.; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Stamen fragment showing two pairs of pollen sacs along the margins of the stamen with a broad connective that separates the thecae, except near the apex where the thecae meet; b) Detail of surface of pollen sacs showing larger cells (arrows), interpreted as ethereal oil cells; c) Pollen in situ from specimen in (a); d) Stamen fragment with apical and basal portion missing and surface slightly abraded and compressed obscuring cellular details; note remains of another stamen attached to the underside of the stamen; e–h) Pollen in situ from specimen in (d) showing long aperture (e) and pollen wall with heterobrochate reticulum (e–h); note narrow muri with flatten and smooth surface and short columellae (h). Specimens, Catefica 49-S115859 (a–c), Catefica 151-S105281 (holotype, d–h). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a, d), 50 Μm (b), 6 Μm (c, e–g), 1.5 Μm (h). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms
Text-fig. 25. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of stamens and pollen grains of Elasmostemon paisii gen. et sp. nov.; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Stamen fragment showing two pairs of pollen sacs along the margins of the stamen with a broad connective that separates the thecae, except near the apex where the thecae meet; b) Detail of surface of pollen sacs showing larger cells (arrows), interpreted as ethereal oil cells; c) Pollen in situ from specimen in (a); d) Stamen fragment with apical and basal portion missing and surface slightly abraded and compressed obscuring cellular details; note remains of another stamen attached to the underside of the stamen; e–h) Pollen in situ from specimen in (d) showing long aperture (e) and pollen wall with heterobrochate reticulum (e–h); note narrow muri with flatten and smooth surface and short columellae (h). Specimens, Catefica 49-S115859 (a–c), Catefica 151-S105281 (holotype, d–h). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a, d), 50 Μm (b), 6 Μm (c, e–g), 1.5 Μm (h).
Text-fig. 24. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of "Stamen with zona-aperturate pollen"; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Dorsal view of elongated anther showing the broad connective and very narrow pollen sacs; b) Lateral view of elongated anther showing the broad dorsal and ventral surfaces of the connectives and very narrow pollen sacs; c) Apex of elongated anther showing dorsal and ventral surfaces and very narrow pollen sacs; d) Lateral view of narrow pollen sac showing in situ pollen; e) Detail of pollen grain showing the solid band of exine above the aperture (asterisk); f) Detail of pollen grain showing the solid band of exine above the aperture (asterisk); g) Detail of tectum showing heterobrochate reticulum with lumina of two different sizes supported by long columellae (arrows); h) Detail of pollen grain showing the aperture extending over the ends of the grain (asterisks); i) Detail of tectum showing heterobrochate reticulum with lumina of two different sizes supported by long columellae (arrows). Specimen, Catefica 49-S171527 (a–i). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a, b), 100 Μm (c), 20 Μm (d), 6 Μm (e, f, h), 3 Μm (g), 1.5 Μm (i). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms
Text-fig. 24. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of "Stamen with zona-aperturate pollen"; Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Dorsal view of elongated anther showing the broad connective and very narrow pollen sacs; b) Lateral view of elongated anther showing the broad dorsal and ventral surfaces of the connectives and very narrow pollen sacs; c) Apex of elongated anther showing dorsal and ventral surfaces and very narrow pollen sacs; d) Lateral view of narrow pollen sac showing in situ pollen; e) Detail of pollen grain showing the solid band of exine above the aperture (asterisk); f) Detail of pollen grain showing the solid band of exine above the aperture (asterisk); g) Detail of tectum showing heterobrochate reticulum with lumina of two different sizes supported by long columellae (arrows); h) Detail of pollen grain showing the aperture extending over the ends of the grain (asterisks); i) Detail of tectum showing heterobrochate reticulum with lumina of two different sizes supported by long columellae (arrows). Specimen, Catefica 49-S171527 (a–i). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a, b), 100 Μm (c), 20 Μm (d), 6 Μm (e, f, h), 3 Μm (g), 1.5 Μm (i).
Text-fig. 29. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of stamens and pollen grains of cf. Endressistemon sp. 1 (a, b), cf. Endressistemon sp. 2 (c, d) and cf. Endressistemon sp. 3 (e–g); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Two adhering stamens, each with a long, pointed extension of the connective; b) Monocolpate, reticulate pollen in situ in stamen from stamen pair in (a); c) Fragment of stamen with prominent apical extension of the connective; d) Reticulate, apparently monocolpate, pollen in situ in stamen fragment in (c); e) Stamen with basifixed anther, perhaps sessile, and with prominent, wing-like apical extensions of the connective; note the dehisced thecae with the anther wall curved back; f, g) Monocolpate, reticulate pollen in situ in stamen in (e). Specimens, Catefica 49-S107780 (a, b), Catefica 49-S107784 (c, d), Catefica 49-S107781 (e–g). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a, c, e), 6 Μm (b, d, f, g). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms
Text-fig. 29. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of stamens and pollen grains of cf. Endressistemon sp. 1 (a, b), cf. Endressistemon sp. 2 (c, d) and cf. Endressistemon sp. 3 (e–g); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Two adhering stamens, each with a long, pointed extension of the connective; b) Monocolpate, reticulate pollen in situ in stamen from stamen pair in (a); c) Fragment of stamen with prominent apical extension of the connective; d) Reticulate, apparently monocolpate, pollen in situ in stamen fragment in (c); e) Stamen with basifixed anther, perhaps sessile, and with prominent, wing-like apical extensions of the connective; note the dehisced thecae with the anther wall curved back; f, g) Monocolpate, reticulate pollen in situ in stamen in (e). Specimens, Catefica 49-S107780 (a, b), Catefica 49-S107784 (c, d), Catefica 49-S107781 (e–g). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a, c, e), 6 Μm (b, d, f, g).
Text-fig. 28. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of stamens and pollen of Endressistemon cateficensis gen. et sp. nov.; Catefica locality, Portugal. a, b) Staminal structure with two lateral stamens and one median structure seen in ventral and dorsal view (orientation unknown) showing that each stamen has a prominent apical extension and two pairs of pollen sacs separated by a narrow connective; both stamens are borne on a common base together with the median structure and their anthers are sessile on the common stalk; note the apical projection of the median structure (asterisk) between the two stamens and the ribs over probable vascular bundles that extend from the common base into the apical projections of both stamens and the median structure (arrows); c) Staminal structure showing two stamens with prominent apical projections and median axis-like structure between the two stamens (arrow); d) Staminal structure showing two stamens with prominent apical projections borne on a common base; e) Staminal structure in (a) and (b), from the same orientation as (b), showing the ribs over probable vascular bundles (yellow) that extend into the apical projections; f) Detail of staminal structure in (a) and (b) showing the fused or strongly adhering apical projections of the two lateral stamens and the median structure (asterisk); g) Monocolpate, reticulate pollen grains from the pollen sacs of stamen in (d). Specimens, Catefica 49-S107778 (holotype, a, b, e, f), Catefica 49-S107769 (c), Catefica 49-S107751 (d, g). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a–d), 300 Μm (e), 100 Μm (f), 6 Μm (g). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms
Text-fig. 28. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of stamens and pollen of Endressistemon cateficensis gen. et sp. nov.; Catefica locality, Portugal. a, b) Staminal structure with two lateral stamens and one median structure seen in ventral and dorsal view (orientation unknown) showing that each stamen has a prominent apical extension and two pairs of pollen sacs separated by a narrow connective; both stamens are borne on a common base together with the median structure and their anthers are sessile on the common stalk; note the apical projection of the median structure (asterisk) between the two stamens and the ribs over probable vascular bundles that extend from the common base into the apical projections of both stamens and the median structure (arrows); c) Staminal structure showing two stamens with prominent apical projections and median axis-like structure between the two stamens (arrow); d) Staminal structure showing two stamens with prominent apical projections borne on a common base; e) Staminal structure in (a) and (b), from the same orientation as (b), showing the ribs over probable vascular bundles (yellow) that extend into the apical projections; f) Detail of staminal structure in (a) and (b) showing the fused or strongly adhering apical projections of the two lateral stamens and the median structure (asterisk); g) Monocolpate, reticulate pollen grains from the pollen sacs of stamen in (d). Specimens, Catefica 49-S107778 (holotype, a, b, e, f), Catefica 49-S107769 (c), Catefica 49-S107751 (d, g). Scale bars = 600 Μm (a–d), 300 Μm (e), 100 Μm (f), 6 Μm (g).
Figure 3. - Pollen grains collected by Xylocopanasalis; Some representations of pollens collected from pollen masses of Xylocopanasalis. The "major" pollen sources: Fagaceae, Castanopsis sp. (3a); Elaeagnaceae, Elaeagnuscf.latifolia (3b); Fabaceae, Cassia sp. (3c and 3d), Sennasiamea (3e and 3f); Acanthaceae, Thunbergia (3g and 3h).
Figure 3. - Pollen grains collected by Xylocopanasalis; Some representations of pollens collected from pollen masses of Xylocopanasalis. The "major" pollen sources: Fagaceae, Castanopsis sp. (3a); Elaeagnaceae, Elaeagnuscf.latifolia (3b); Fabaceae, Cassia sp. (3c and 3d), Sennasiamea (3e and 3f); Acanthaceae, Thunbergia (3g and 3h).
Measures of equatorial and polar lengths of pollen grains in Sorbus, Aria and Hedlundia from Norway
<p>The genus <em>Sorbus </em>s.l.<em> </em>consists of small to medium-sized trees primarily found in coastal areas, with three European hotspots of diversification: Fennoscandia, South-East Europe, and the British Isles. Taxonomic classification of <em>Sorbus </em>s.l. in Europe is still unresolved, and this study aims to address this issue by examining the pollen morphology of various <em>Sorbus</em> hybrids. Pollen morphology of 16 specimens from 13 species of <em>Sorbus</em> s.str., <em>Aria</em> and <em>Hedlundia</em>, some of them common, others are endemic and listed as threatened species, were studied. Measurements of the polar and equatorial axis of all pollen grains show that there are variations in pollen size and shape among different hybrids, with a correlation between ploidy levels and the equatorial diameter of the pollen. Surface structures of the pollen were observed using SEM. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was performed to analyze the pollen characters, and the results show that it is possible to separate <em>Aria</em> from <em>Sorbus</em> and <em>Hedlundia</em> based on the length of the polar axis of the pollen grain, while the number of perforations is important for classification within <em>Hedlundia</em>. The study concludes that pollen morphology can be a useful tool for distinguishing between different <em>Sorbus </em>hybrids and can thus aid in understanding their past distributions.</p>
FIGURE 9 in Angiosperm pollen grains from the Cuayuca Formation (Late Eocene to Early Oligocene), Puebla, Mexico
FIGURE 9. Index taxa recovered from the Cuayuca Formation, Puebla.
Figure 4 in Suitability of different pollen grains and Tetranychus urticae as food for the predatory mite, Amblyseius swirskii (Acari: Phytoseiidae)
Figure 4. Exine patterns of four plant pollens prepared using a Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).
Annotated dataset of microscope images of pollen grains in honey from 17 beekeeping taxa
<p><strong>Annotated dataset of microscope images of pollen grains in honey from 17 beekeeping taxa</strong></p><p>Melissopalynology is a method based on the separation of pollen grains present in honey and the identification of the plant species to which they belong. It is used to determine the botanical, but also the geographical origin of the honey, as well as its commercial value. For this reason, a database including microscope images and characteristics of pollen grains of 17 beekeeping taxa, usually present in honey samples, was created. </p><p>For the honey preparations the methodology of Louveaux et al. (1978) and Von Der Ohe et al. (2004) was followed. Specifically, 5.0 g of honey were weighed and dissolved in 10 ml of distilled water. The solution was centrifuged for 10 min at 2300 r/min. The supernatant solution was discarded and the precipitate was transferred with a disposable plastic Pasteur pipette onto a slide, where it was spread with the addition of fuchsin on a 22 x 22 mm surface. Staining with fuchsin helps to see in greater detail the morphological characteristics of the pollen grains. The preparation was dried by gentle heating to 40°C, on a heating plate and covered with a coverslip on which a small amount of Entellan adhesive (Merck) has been placed. The pollen grains were photographed on an optical microscope (Olympus SZX12), with lens 40× (Olympus DF PLAPO 1X DF) and a digital analysis camera (Olympus SC30), while a morphometry software (Image Pro Plus Software, V1.1.19) was used for their determination. For the microscopic identification of the pollen types, the collection of reference slides from the Laboratory of Apiculture of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, which is accredited to ISO 17025:2017, was used. </p><p>The dataset contains 1404 training captured microscope images of pollen grains from 17 major beekeeping taxa (class list can be found below) and 85 testing captured images. Polygon annotations were created using LabelMe software and saved in COCO Annotation format (train.json and val.json files). </p><p>Further information about the related project (SmartBeeKeep) can be found in the following article and presentation (please site if you use these data):</p><ul><li>Vasilios Liolios, Dimitrios Kanelis, Maria-Anna Rodopoulou, Chrysoula Tananaki (2023). A Comparative Study of Methods Recording Beekeeping Flora. Forests, 14(8), 1677; <a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/f14081677">https://doi.org/10.3390/f14081677</a> </li><li>Nikos Grammalidis, Andreas Stergioulas, Aggelos Avramidis, Konstantinos Karystinakis, Athanasios Partozis, Athanasios Topaloudis, Georgia Kalantzi, Chrisoula Tananaki, Dimitrios Kanelis, Vasilis Liolios, and Madesis Panagiotis "A smart beekeeping platform based on remote sensing and artificial intelligence", Proc. SPIE 12786, Ninth International Conference on Remote Sensing and Geoinformation of the Environment (RSCy2023), 127860C (21 September 2023); <a href="https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2681866%20">https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2681866</a> Event: Ninth International Conference on Remote Sensing and Geoinformation of the Environment (RSCy2023), 2023, Ayia Napa, Cyprus <a href="https://smartbeekeep.eu/files/rscyp23_sbk_paper.pdf">Author preprint available</a></li></ul><p><strong>Annotation - Latin name</strong></p><p>Myrtus - Myrtus communis</p><p>Brassicaceae - Brassicaceae</p><p>Cercis - Cercis siliquastrum</p><p>Helianthus annuus - Helianthus annuus</p><p>Lavandula - Lavandula angustifolia</p><p>Robinia pseudacacia - Robinia pseudoacacia</p><p>Olea - Olea europaea</p><p>Citrus - Citrus sp.</p><p>Paliurus - Paliurus spina-christi</p><p>Eucalyptus - Eucalyptus sp.</p><p>Polygonum - Polygonum aviculare</p><p>Carduus - Silybum marianum</p><p>Cistus - Cistus sp.</p><p>thymus - Thymus sp.</p><p>Castanea - Castanea sativa</p><p>erica - Erica manipuliflora</p><p>Gossypium - Gossypium hirsutum</p><p> </p>
Measures of equatorial and polar lengths of pollen grains in Sorbus, Aria and Hedlundia from Norway
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Automatically measured birch pollen grains from the KM23B and Li-BPa records
<p>The data set includes pollen grain images produced for the manuscript "First automatic size measurements for the separation of dwarf birch and tree birch pollen in MIS 6 to MIS 1 records from Northern Germany". </p> <p>The images are cut-outs of birch pollen produced to automatically determine the size (area and mean diameter) of birch pollen grains. </p> <p>The workflow includes the following three steps, each of which is conducted using trained convoulutional neural networks: </p> <ol> <li>automatic detection and classification of pollen with the Tofsi algorithm (Theuerkauf et al. 2023, https://doi.org/10.1177/09596836231211876)</li> <li>automatic distinction between pollen grain suitable (i.e. in polar view) or not suitable (some other orientation) for size measurement </li> <li>automatic outline detection and size measurement (the green area indicates the area that was identified as the area of each pollen grain) </li> </ol>
FIGURE. SEM micrographs of pollen grain of Ephedra aurea (A) from type material (CAT!) and E. nebrodensis (B) from Monte Cuccio, Sicily (CAT!):. Equatorial view (x 2500).. Polar view (x 3000). in Ephedra aurea (Ephedraceae), a new species from Sicily
FIGURE. SEM micrographs of pollen grain of Ephedra aurea (A) from type material (CAT!) and E. nebrodensis (B) from Monte Cuccio, Sicily (CAT!):. Equatorial view (x 2500).. Polar view (x 3000).
FIGURE. Seedlings, seeds, embryos, anthers, and pollen in Dicorynia. A–D. Different stages of development in seedlings of D. paraensis, First eophiles unifoliolate and opposite; E–G. Seed of D. guianensis: E. External surface; F. Endosperm of the longitudinally sectioned seed, note the slightly gelatinous upper region; G. Cotyledon and embryo of longitudinally sectioned seed; H. SEM of seed's testa in D. paraensis; I. SEM of endosperm's surface in D. guianensis (notice the presence of circular perforations); J–K. SEM of the hypocotyl-radicular axis of the seed in D. guianensis and D. paraensis; L. SEM of seed's testa in D. guianensis; M–N. SEM of plumule region in embryo of D. guianensis and D. paraensis (note the developed leaf primordia); O. Apex of anther in longer stamen of D. paraensis, showing 4 sporangia and two pores covered by an apicle; P. Apex of anther in shorter stamen of D. guianensis, at least 9 sporangia; Q. Apex of anther in longer stamen of D. guianensis, 8 sporangia; R. Pollen grains in D. paraensis. A–D: Falcão, M.J. 91; E–G, I–J, L–M: Gentry 63030; H, K, N: Berry, P.E. 7460; O: Amaral, E. 618; P, Q: Unknown collector MO1576407; Scale bar. A–D: 2cm; E–G: 3mm; H–L: 1mm; M–N: 100 μm; O-Q: 200μm; R: 5 μm. in A Taxonomic Revision of the Amazonian Genus Dicorynia (Fabaceae: Dialioideae)
FIGURE. Seedlings, seeds, embryos, anthers, and pollen in Dicorynia. A–D. Different stages of development in seedlings of D. paraensis, First eophiles unifoliolate and opposite; E–G. Seed of D. guianensis: E. External surface; F. Endosperm of the longitudinally sectioned seed, note the slightly gelatinous upper region; G. Cotyledon and embryo of longitudinally sectioned seed; H. SEM of seed's testa in D. paraensis; I. SEM of endosperm's surface in D. guianensis (notice the presence of circular perforations); J–K. SEM of the hypocotyl-radicular axis of the seed in D. guianensis and D. paraensis; L. SEM of seed's testa in D. guianensis; M–N. SEM of plumule region in embryo of D. guianensis and D. paraensis (note the developed leaf primordia); O. Apex of anther in longer stamen of D. paraensis, showing 4 sporangia and two pores covered by an apicle; P. Apex of anther in shorter stamen of D. guianensis, at least 9 sporangia; Q. Apex of anther in longer stamen of D. guianensis, 8 sporangia; R. Pollen grains in D. paraensis. A–D: Falcão, M.J. 91; E–G, I–J, L–M: Gentry 63030; H, K, N: Berry, P.E. 7460; O: Amaral, E. 618; P, Q: Unknown collector MO1576407; Scale bar. A–D: 2cm; E–G: 3mm; H–L: 1mm; M–N: 100 μm; O-Q: 200μm; R: 5 μm.
FIGURE 4. —A. Polyhedric pollen grain, 14–16 in Opuntia delafuentiana (Cactaceae: Opuntioideae), a new xoconostle from central Mexico
FIGURE 4. —A. Polyhedric pollen grain, 14–16 pores (x800). —B. Zoom of a pollen grain: reticle, foramens and part of two pores, with wide and glabrate walls (x2500). —C. Lenticular seed, irregular lateral aril, wider in the inferior left side (x25). —D. Basal view of the seed, lateral hilo-micropilar region, deep, micropile and funicle included, testa punteate (x30). —E. Lateral aril cells (x90). Reference specimen: C. Martínez-González 4 (MEXU).
FIGURE 3. Justicia carajensis pollen grains. A–E. Equatorial view. A in Justicia carajensis, a new species of Acanthaceae from the Serra dos Carajás, Pará, Brazil
FIGURE 3. Justicia carajensis pollen grains. A–E. Equatorial view. A. Optical section (LM). B. Endoaperture and ornamentation showing areoles (LM). C. Optical section showing 2 endoapertures (LM). D. Ornamentation (LM). E. Colporus in frontal view (SEM). F. Detail of the bireticulate ornamentation (SEM). R.M. Harley et al. 57319 (MG).
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.