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161 results for “Production function”
Tropical mammal functional diversity increases with productivity but decreases with anthropogenic disturbance
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Data from: Taxonomic and functional diversity in Mediterranean pastures: Insights on the biodiversity-productivity trade-off
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Data from: Quantifying the importance of functional traits for primary production in aquatic plant communities
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Data from: Climate interacts with the functional trait structure of tree communities to influence forest productivity
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Data from: Functionally diverse tree stands reduce herbaceous diversity and productivity via canopy packing
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Diazotrophy modulates cyanobacteria stoichiometry through functional traits that determine bloom magnitude and toxin production
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Data from: Trait identity and functional diversity co-drive response of ecosystem productivity to nitrogen enrichment
1. Exploring the mechanisms underlying the change in ecosystem productivity under anthropogenic nitrogen (N) inputs is of fundamental ecological interest. It has been proposed that functional traits, environmental factors, and species richness are central drivers linking ecosystem productivity with environmental change. However, few studies have considered the joint effects of functional traits, environmental factors, and species richness on ecosystem productivity under increasing N inputs. 2. We established a N-manipulation experiment in a Tibetan alpine steppe in 2013. Using structural equation models, we assessed the effects of N-induced changes in environmental factors, species richness, and trait metrics (the mean, variance, skewness and kurtosis of trait distribution) on gross ecosystem productivity as well as three resource use efficiencies (water, light, and phosphorus (P) use efficiencies), based on measurements during the peak growing season in 2016. 3. We found that both light and P use efficiencies decreased under N enrichment, largely due to the N-induced decline in functional diversity of leaf P concentration. However, both gross ecosystem productivity and water use efficiency exhibited initial increases and subsequent slight decreases with N addition. These nonlinear patterns were closely associated with both the increased morphological trait (i.e., mean-leaf area) and decreased diversity of leaf P concentration. 4. Synthesis. Our results illustrate how N-induced changes in functional traits may have dual effects on ecosystem productivity: the stimulating effects of the dominant trait identity via increasing canopy light interception vs. the inhibiting effect of decreasing trait diversity via declining resource use efficiencies. Our results highlight the importance of including functional traits in land surface models to improve predictions of the response of ecosystem function to N inputs.
Data from: Transforming water: social influence moderates psychological, physiological, and functional response to a placebo product
This paper investigates how social influence can alter physiological, psychological, and functional responses to a placebo product and how such responses influence the ultimate endorsement of the product. Participants consumed a product, "AquaCharge Energy Water," falsely-labeled as containing 200 mg of caffeine but which was actually plain spring water, in one of three conditions: a no social influence condition, a disconfirming social influence condition, and a confirming social influence condition. Results demonstrated that the effect of the product labeling on physiological alertness (systolic blood pressure), psychological alertness (self-reported alertness), functional alertness (cognitive interference), and product endorsement was moderated by social influence: participants experienced more subjective, physiological and functional alertness and stronger product endorsement when they consumed the product in the confirming social influence condition than when they consumed the product in the disconfirming social influence condition. These results suggest that social influence can alter subjective, physiological, and functional responses to a faux product, in this case transforming the effects of plain water.
Data from: Respiratory syncytial virus co-opts host mitochondrial function to favour infectious virus production
Although respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is responsible for more human deaths each year than influenza, its pathogenic mechanisms are poorly understood. Here high-resolution quantitative imaging, bioenergetics measurements and mitochondrial membrane potential- and redox-sensitive dyes are used to define RSV's impact on host mitochondria for the first time, delineating RSV-induced microtubule/dynein-dependent mitochondrial perinuclear clustering, and translocation towards the microtubule-organizing centre. These changes are concomitant with impaired mitochondrial respiration, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and increased production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS). Strikingly, agents that target microtubule integrity the dynein motor protein, or inhibit mitochondrial ROS production strongly suppresses RSV virus production, including in a mouse model with concomitantly reduced virus-induced lung inflammation. The results establish RSV's unique ability to co-opt host cell mitochondria to facilitate viral infection, revealing the RSV-mitochondrial interface for the first time as a viable target for therapeutic intervention.
AIGD-PFT: The first AI-driven Global Daily gap-free 4 km Phytoplankton Functional Type products from 1998 to 2023
<p>Long time series of spatiotemporally continuous phytoplankton functional type (PFT) data are essential for understanding marine ecosystems and global biogeochemical cycles as well as for effective marine management. In this study, we integrated artificial intelligence (AI) technology with multisource marine big data to develop a spatial–temporal–ecological ensemble model based on deep learning (STEE-DL). This model generated the first AI-driven global daily gap-free 4 km PFT chlorophyll <em>a</em> concentration product from 1998 to 2023 (AIGD-PFT). The AIGD-PFT significantly enhances the accuracy and spatiotemporal coverage of quantifying eight major PFTs: diatoms, dinoflagellates, haptophytes, pelagophytes, cryptophytes, green algae, prokaryotes, and <em>Prochlorococcus</em>. <br><br>A video demonstration is available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5446/67366">https://doi.org/10.5446/67366</a>. For more detailed information about this research, please refer to the following paper: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4793-2024" target="_new" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-4793-2024</a>.</p>
Data from: Intransitive competition is common across five major taxonomic groups and is driven by productivity, competitive rank and functional traits.
1. Competition can be fully hierarchical or intransitive, and this degree of hierarchy is driven by multiple factors, including environmental conditions, the functional traits of the species involved or the topology of competition networks. Studies simultaneously analyzing these drivers of competition hierarchy are rare. Additionally, organisms compete either directly or via interference competition for resources or space, within a local neighbourhood or across the habitat. Therefore, the drivers of competition could change accordingly and depend on the taxa studied. 2. We performed the first multi-taxon study on pairwise competition across major taxonomic groups, including experiments with vascular plants, mosses, saprobic fungi, aquatic protists and soil bacteria. We evaluated how general is competition intransitivity from the pairwise competition matrix including all species and also for each possible three-species combination (triplets). We then examined which species were likely to engage in competitive loops and the effects of environmental conditions, competitive rank, and functional traits on intransitive competition. 3. We found some degree of competition intransitivity in all taxa studied, with 38% to 5% of triplets being intransitive. Variance in competitive rank between species and more fertile conditions strongly reduced intransitivity, with triplets composed of species differing widely in their competitive ranks much less likely to be intransitive. 4. Including functional traits of the species involved more than doubled the variation explained compared to models including competitive rank only. Both trait means and variance within triplets affected the odds of them being intransitive. However the traits responsible and the direction of trait effects varied widely between taxa, suggesting that traits can have a wide variety of effects on competition. 5. Synthesis: We evaluated the drivers of competition across multiple taxa and showed that productivity and competitive rank are fundamental drivers of intransitivity. We also showed that not only the functional traits of each species, but also those of the accompanying species, determine competition intransitivity. Intransitive competition is common across multiple taxa but can dampen under fertile conditions or for those species with large variance in their competitive abilities. This provides a first step towards predicting the prevalence of intransitive competition in natural communities.
A long-term monthly dataset of cloud fraction over the Arctic based on multiple satellite products using cumulative distribution function matching and Bayesian maximum entropy
<p>The low accuracy of satellite Cloud fraction (CF) over the Arctic seriously restricts accurate assessment of regional and global radiant energy balance under the changing climate. Previous studies have reported that not a single satellite CF product could satisfy the needs of accuracy and spatio-temporal coverage simultaneously for long-term applications over the Arctic. Merging multiple CF products with complementary properties is an effective way to produce more spatiotemporally complete and accurate CF data record. This study proposed a spatiotemporal statistical data fusion framework based on cumulative distribution function (CDF) matching and Bayesian maximum entropy (BME) method to produce a syncretic 1°×1° CF dataset in the Arctic during 2000-2020. The original datasets contain CF from MOD08/MYD08, CERES-SSF Terra/Aqua, CLARA-A2 AM/PM, PATMOS-x AM/PM, ISCCP-H AM/PM. The fused CF product is more consistent with the active satellite data GEWEX-CALIPSO and the ground-based observation data CRU TS4.05.</p>
Sourdough Bakery Products and Digestive Function
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03207516. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 0. Publications: 1.
Comparison of the Substitution Between Different Tobacco/Nicotine Products as a Function of Tobacco-user Type
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05177848. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
A Study of Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients on Adalimumab to Evaluate Quality of Life Variables, Effects on Work Productivity and Functional Outcomes in Malaysia
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01387789. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Data from: Transforming water: social influence moderates psychological, physiological, and functional response to a placebo product
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Data from: Respiratory syncytial virus co-opts host mitochondrial function to favour infectious virus production
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Data from: Trait identity and functional diversity co-drive response of ecosystem productivity to nitrogen enrichment
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Data from: Intransitive competition is common across five major taxonomic groups and is driven by productivity, competitive rank and functional traits.
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Endoplasmic reticulum stress regulates immunosuppressive function of myeloid derived suppressor cells in leprosy that can be overcome by IFNg production
GEO Series GSE129033. Homo sapiens. 12 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.