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Figs 214-219 in The fast-running flies (Diptera, Hybotidae, Tachydromiinae) of Singapore and adjacent regions

Figs 214-219. Stilpon malayensis Shamshev & Grootaert, 2004, ♂. 214. wing, dorsal view. 215. mid leg, anterior view. 216. right surstylus, dorsal view. 217. epandrium with cerci, dorsal view. 218. left cercus, lateral view. 219. left surstylus, lateral view. (after Shamshev & Grootaert 2004).

Figs 229-231 in The fast-running flies (Diptera, Hybotidae, Tachydromiinae) of Singapore and adjacent regions

Figs 229-231. Stilpon singaporensis sp. nov., ♂. 229. right epandrial lamella, lateral view. 230. epandrium with cerci, dorsal view. 231. left surstylus, lateral view. Scale bar= 0.1 mm.

Figs 204-206 in The fast-running flies (Diptera, Hybotidae, Tachydromiinae) of Singapore and adjacent regions

Figs 204-206. Stilpon arcuatum sp. nov., ♂ terminalia. 204. epandrium with cerci, dorsal view. 205. left surstylus, lateral view. 206. left cercus, lateral view.

Figs 172-177 in The fast-running flies (Diptera, Hybotidae, Tachydromiinae) of Singapore and adjacent regions

Figs 172-177. Nanodromia, ♂. 172. N. hutan sp. nov., hind leg, anterior view. 173. N. hutan sp. nov., tip of hind tibia, dorsal view. 174. N. phukhao Grootaert & Shamshev, 2003, hind tibia, dorsal view. 175. N. narmjeud Grootaert & Shamshev, 2003, bladder-like gland between tergite 4 and 5, dorsal view. 176. N. narmkroi Grootaert & Shamshev, 2003, gland-like fields between tergites 4-5 and 5-6, dorsal view. 177. N. phukhao Grootaert & Shamshev, 2003, gland-like fields between tergites 4-5 and 5-6, dorsal view. (Figs 174-177 after Grootaert & Shamshev 2003).

Figs 169-171 in The fast-running flies (Diptera, Hybotidae, Tachydromiinae) of Singapore and adjacent regions

Figs 169-171. Nanodromia hutan sp. nov., ♂ terminalia. 169. right epandrial lamella, lateral view. 170. epandrium with cerci, dorsal view. 171. left surstylus, lateral view.

Figs 58-62 in The fast-running flies (Diptera, Hybotidae, Tachydromiinae) of Singapore and adjacent regions

Figs 58-62. Chersodromia nigripennis Shamshev & Grootaert, 2005, ♂. 58. palpus, lateral view. 59. antenna, lateral view. 60. right epandrial lamella, lateral view. 61. epandrium and cerci, dorsal view. 62. left surstylus, lateral view. (after Shamshev & Grootaert 2005).

Figs 101-104 in The fast-running flies (Diptera, Hybotidae, Tachydromiinae) of Singapore and adjacent regions

Figs 101-104. Drapetis mandai sp. nov., ♂. 101. antenna, lateral view. 102. right surstylus, dorsal view. 103. epandrium and cerci. 104. left surstylus, lateral. Scale bar= 0.1 mm.

Figs 44-51 in The fast-running flies (Diptera, Hybotidae, Tachydromiinae) of Singapore and adjacent regions

Figs 44-51. Chersodromia sylvicola sp. nov., ♂. 44. antenna, lateral view. 45. wing, dorsal view. 46. head, lateral view. 47. head, frontal view. 48. right epandrial lamella, lateral view. 49. epandrium with cerci, dorsal view. 50. left surstylus, lateral view. 51. hind tibia, anterior view.

Figs 31-36 in The fast-running flies (Diptera, Hybotidae, Tachydromiinae) of Singapore and adjacent regions

Figs 31-36. Chersodromia bulohensis sp. nov., ♂. 31. head, lateral view. 32. wing, dorsal view. 33. hind femur and tibia, anterior view. 34. right epandrial lamella, lateral view. 35. epandrium with cerci, dorsal view. 36. hypandrium with detail of left surstylus, ventral view.

Figures 33-36. Halodromus patellidens from Aden. 33-34 in The Ebo-like running crab spiders in the Old World (Araneae, Philodromidae)

Figures 33-36. Halodromus patellidens from Aden. 33-34 Left male palp (33 ventral, 34 retrolateral) 35 Epigyne, ventral 36 Vulva, dorsal. Scale line = 0.1 mm.

Figures 29-32. Halodromus patellaris from Monastir. 29-30 in The Ebo-like running crab spiders in the Old World (Araneae, Philodromidae)

Figures 29-32. Halodromus patellaris from Monastir. 29-30 Left male palp (29 ventral, 30 retrolateral) 31 Epigyne, ventral 32 Vulva, dorsal. Scale line = 0.1 mm.

Figures 25-28 in The Ebo-like running crab spiders in the Old World (Araneae, Philodromidae)

Figures 25-28. Halodromus gershomi sp. n. from Aden. 25-26 Left male palp (25 ventral, 26 retrolateral) 27 Epigyne, ventral 28 Vulva, dorsal. Scale line = 0.1 mm.

Figures 7-16. 7, 11 Ebo pepinensis from Utah Lake 8, 12 Titanebo parabolis from Utah 9, 15 Halodromus patellaris, from Monastir 10 Philodromus lepidus from Kebili, Tunisia 13 Halodromus patellidens from Kuwait 14 in The Ebo-like running crab spiders in the Old World (Araneae, Philodromidae)

Figures 7-16. 7, 11 Ebo pepinensis from Utah Lake 8, 12 Titanebo parabolis from Utah 9, 15 Halodromus patellaris, from Monastir 10 Philodromus lepidus from Kebili, Tunisia 13 Halodromus patellidens from Kuwait 14 Halodromus barbarae sp. n. from Cartagena 16 Halodromus gershomi sp. n. from Massawa 7-10 Female clypeus and chelicerae, frontal view 11-16 Female cephalothorax, dorsal view. Scale lines = 0.5 mm.

Figures 1-6. 1, 4 Halodromus patellaris from Monastir 2 Ebo pepinensis from Utah Lake 3 Titanebo albocaudatus from Abilene 5-6 Titanebo andreaannae from Tucson 1-3 Left male palp, ventral view 4 Tarsal claws and scopulae 5 in The Ebo-like running crab spiders in the Old World (Araneae, Philodromidae)

Figures 1-6. 1, 4 Halodromus patellaris from Monastir 2 Ebo pepinensis from Utah Lake 3 Titanebo albocaudatus from Abilene 5-6 Titanebo andreaannae from Tucson 1-3 Left male palp, ventral view 4 Tarsal claws and scopulae 5 Epigyne, dorsal view, showing schematic course of the internal ducts (broken black line) and the demarcation between bursa copulatrix and copulatory ducts (white line) 6 Details of receptacula, showing numerous pores in the torus region.

opencc-zeroJul 2020View details →

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Data from: Multiple spawning run behavior and population consequences in migratory striped bass Morone saxatilis

Multiple spawning runs cause different contingents within the same population to experience varying demographic fates that can stabilize populations through the portfolio effect. Multiple spawning runs are reported here for the first time for striped bass, an economically important coastal species, which is well known for plastic estuarine and shelf migration behaviors. Adult Hudson River Estuary striped bass (n=66) were tagged and tracked with acoustic transmitters from two known spawning reaches separated by 90 km. Biotelemetry recaptures for two years demonstrated that each reach was associated with separate spawning runs. Time series of spawning run trajectories were examined via nonparametric dynamic time warping and revealed two dominant time series centroids, each associated with the two spawning reaches. In 2017, the lower reach run occurred earlier than the higher reach run, but difference in timing was not observed in 2018. The majority (84%) of returning adults in 2018 showed the same run behaviors exhibited in 2017. The two spawning run may have been cued differently by temperatures, where warming lagged 1-week at the higher reach in comparison to the lower reach. The two spawning runs exhibited similar Atlantic shelf migration patterns with strong summer fidelity to Massachusetts Bay and winter migrations to the southern US Mid-Atlantic Bight. Still, in 2017, differing times of departure from spawning reaches into nearby shelf waters likely caused the early spawning run to experience substantially higher mortality than the later run. Anecdotal evidence suggests that higher fishing effort is exerted on the early-spawning run as it first enters shelf fisheries. Thus, as in salmon, multiple spawning runs by striped bass can lead to differential demographic outcomes, contributing to overall population dynamics.

opencc-by-4.0May 2016View details →

Figure 2 in Swimming and bipedal bottom-running in the pig-nosed turtle Carettochelys insculpta Ramsay, 1886

Figure 2. Detail of hindlimb action during bipedal bottom running in large Carettochelys insculpta. Numerals indicate field sequence. Tail is stippled. Short horizontal lines indicate substratum beneath hindlimbs. Note that, at field 6, neither rear limb is in contact with the substratum.

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2020View details →

Code and data required to run examples in MBHdesign description paper

Code and data required to run examples in: Foster (2020) MBHdesign: an R-package for efficient spatial survey designs. Methods In Ecology and Evolution The Hippolyte data are originally sourced from  Spinoccia, M. (2018). AusSeabed bathymetry holdings. Retrieved July 14, 2020, from http://pid.geoscience.gov.au/dataset/ga/116321 The code is produced using the knitr::purl() function from the manuscript's Rmarkdown file.

opencc-by-4.0Jan 2021View details →

Detection of ultra-weak laser pulses by free-running single-photon detectors: modeling dead time and dark counts effects

In quantum communication systems, the precise estimation of the detector´s response to the incoming light is necessary to avoid security breaches. The typical working regime uses a free-running single-photon avalanche diode in combination with attenuated laser pulses at telecom wavelength for encoding information. We demonstrate the validity of an analytical model for this regime which considers the effects of dark counts and dead time on the measured count rate. For the purpose of gaining a better understanding of these effects, the photon detections were separated from the dark counts via a software-induced gating mechanism. The model was verified by experimental data for mean photon numbers covering three orders of magnitude as well as for laser repetition frequencies below and above the inverse dead time. Consequently, our model would be of interest for predicting the detector response not only in the field of quantum communications, but also in any other quantum physics experiment where high detection rates are needed.

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Run and output files from: Holocene population expansion of a tropical bee coincides with early human colonisation of Fiji rather than climate change

There is substantial debate about the relative roles of climate change and human activities on biodiversity and species demographies over the Holocene. In some cases, these two factors can be resolved using fossil data, but for many taxa such data are not available. Inferring historical demographies of taxa has become common, but the methodologies are mostly recent and their shortcomings often unexplored. The bee genus Homalictus is developing into a tractable model system for understanding how native bee populations in tropical islands have responded to past climate change. We greatly expand on previous studies using sequences of the mitochondrial gene COI from 474 specimens and between 171 and 3,928 autosomal (DArTSeq) SNP loci from 19 specimens of the native Fijian bee, Homalictus fijiensis (Perkins & Cheesman, 1928), to explore its historical demography using coalescent and mismatch analyses. We ask whether past changes in demography were human- or climate-driven, while considering analytical assumptions. We show that inferred changes in population sizes are too recent to be explained by past climate change. Instead we find that a dramatic increase in population size for the main island of Viti Levu coincides with increasing occupation by humans and their modification of the environment. We found no corresponding change in bee population size for another major island, Kadavu, where human populations and agricultural activities have been historically very low. Our analyses indicate that molecular approaches can be used to disentangle the impacts of humans and climate change on a major tropical pollinator and that stringent analytical approaches are required for reliable interpretation of results.

opencc-zeroJun 2021View details →