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359 results for “Social Behavior”
Home & Community Social Behavior Scales / Escalas de Conducta Social en Casa y en la Comunidad // MERRELL-HOME_Data_CC_T4-Post
<p>Answers given by parents of children in the fourth grade of Primary Education to the 64 items of the Home & Community Social Behavior Scales by Merrell (2002; adapted by Salazar and Caballo, 2006). Data collected in public schools in Castellón (Spain) in the spring of the school year 2012-13. The mother and father answer the questionnaire separately. The calculation of the 4 subscales is included: Peer Relations, Self-Management – Compliance, Antisocial – Aggressive and Defiant – Disruptive, as well as the 2 general scales: Social Competence and Antisocial Behavior. To learn more about our research and access to other datasets of this or other measures, follow the link <a href="https://www.uji.es/departaments/psi/base/opengrei/">GREI Longitudinal Project</a>.</p> <p>Respuestas que los padres de niños/as de cuarto curso de Educación Primaria dan a los 64 ítems de las Escalas de Conducta Social en Casa y en la Comunidad de Merrell (2002; adaptadas por Salazar y Caballo, 2006). Datos recogidos en centros públicos de Castellón (España) en primavera del curso escolar 2012-13. La madre y el padre responden el cuestionario por separado. Se incluye el cálculo de las 4 subescalas: Relaciones con los compañeros, Autocontrol – obediencia, Comportamiento antisocial - agresivo y Comportamiento desafiante-disruptivo, y de las 2 escalas generales: Competencia Social y Comportamiento Antisocial. Para saber más sobre nuestra investigación y acceder a otros ficheros de datos de esta medida o de otras, siga el enlace <a href="https://www.uji.es/departaments/psi/base/opengrei/">Proyecto Longitudinal GREI</a>.</p>
Data and code for the research work "Disentangling material, social, and cognitive determinants of human behavior and belief".
<p>This repository contains data files and Matlab and R code for the research work "Disentangling material, social, and cognitive determinants of human behavior and belief".</p>
Social behavior among nocturnally migrating birds revealed by automated moonwatching
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Food and social cues modulate reproductive development but not migratory behavior in a nomadic songbird, the Pine Siskin (Pinus spinus)
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Data for: Simulation and social network analysis provide insight into the acquisition of tool behavior in hybrid macaques
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Data from: Hidden space use behaviors of a nonbreeding migratory bird: The role of environment and social context
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Data from: Social behavior mediates the microbiome response to antibiotic treatment in a wild mammal
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Data from: Variation in season length and development time is sufficient to drive the emergence and coexistence of social and solitary behavioral strategies
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Plains zebra time budgets, social behavior, and communication during the 2021-2022 Laikipia-Samburu ecosystem drought
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Data from: Behavioral adjustments in the social associations of a precocial shorebird mediate the costs and benefits of grouping decisions
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Social-like responses are inducible in the asocial and blind Mexican cavefish despite the continued exhibition of strong repetitive behavior
<p>Demo code and demo video files for the manuscript of "Social-like responses are inducible in the asocial and blind Mexican cavefish despite the continued exhibition of strong repetitive behavior." This zip file contains three folders, representing (1) ImageJ script for background subtraction; (2) python script to adjust swapped IDs in the result of idTracker analysis; and (3) MatLab script for detecting the social interactions</p>
Vasoactive intestinal peptide as a mediator of the effects of a supergene on social behavior
<p>Supergenes, or linked groups of alleles that are inherited together, present excellent opportunities to understand gene-behavior relationships. In white-throated sparrows (<i>Zonotrichia albicollis</i>), a supergene on the second chromosome associates with a more aggressive and less parental phenotype. This supergene includes the gene for vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), a neuropeptide known to play a causal role in both aggression and parental behavior. Here, using a free-living population, we compared levels of VIP mRNA between birds with and without the supergene. We focused on the anterior hypothalamus and infundibular region, two brain regions containing VIP neurons known to play a causal role in aggression and parental behavior, respectively. First, we show that the supergene enhances VIP expression in the anterior hypothalamus and that expression positively predicts vocal aggression independently of genotype in both sexes. Next, we show that the supergene reduces VIP expression in the infundibular region, which suggests reduced secretion of prolactin, a pro-parental hormone. Thus, patterns of VIP expression in these two regions are consistent with the enhanced aggression and reduced parental behavior of birds with the supergene allele. Our results illustrate mechanisms by which elements of genomic architecture, such as supergenes, can contribute to the evolution of alternative behavioral phenotypes.</p>
Social network structure is robust to parasite induced changes in contact behavior of domestic sheep
<p>Understanding how parasitism may affect social behavior and social networks is key to understanding the impact of infection on a population. Infection can disrupt social networks by altering the behavior of both infected individuals (e.g. by reducing activity) and the behavior of uninfected individuals (e.g. avoiding sick individuals), both of which can <span>have an impact on social group dynamics and parasite transmission</span>. Here we test experimentally how parasitism affects social contact behavior and social network structure using a common parasite infection of sheep. Three treatment groups, each with 4 replicate social groups were established (i) Parasitised; all lambs were infected with a parasitic nematode, (ii) Non-parasitised; all lambs remained uninfected (iii) Mixed; part of each group were infected, and part of the group remained uninfected. Contact behaviours of each individual were recorded using proximity loggers during four phases of infection (pre-parasite, pre-patent, patent-parasite, post-parasite). We found infected individuals in the parasitised and mixed groups reduced contact frequency following infection. Infected individuals in mixed groups however reduced contact frequency to a greater extent than infected animals in the fully parasitised group. D<span>espite the reduction in contacts between infected animals in the mixed group, the social network structure was unaffected, as non-infected individuals maintained pre-parasite levels of social interactions with their infected conspecifics. </span><span>These results demonstrate </span>how infection can impact the social behavior of all animals within a group, and how the expression of behavioral change may depend on the parasitic status of all group members and the response of uninfected conspecifics.</p>
Environmental, sex-specific, and genetic determinants of infant social behavior in a wild primate
<p>Affiliative social bonds are linked to fitness components in many social mammals. However, despite their importance, little is known about how the tendency to form social bonds develops in young animals, or if the timing of development is heritable and thus can evolve. Using four decades of longitudinal observational data from a wild baboon population, we assessed the environmental determinants of an important social developmental milestone in baboons—the age at which a young animal first grooms a conspecific—and we assessed how the rates at which offspring groom their mothers develops during the juvenile period. We found that grooming development differs between the sexes: female infants groom at an earlier age and reach equal rates of grooming with their mother earlier than males. We also found that age at first grooming for both sexes is weakly heritable (h<sup>2</sup> = 0.043, 95% CI: 0.002 – 0.110). These results show that sex differences in grooming emerge at a young age; that strong, equitable social relationships between mothers and daughters begin very early in life; and that age at first grooming is heritable and therefore can be shaped by natural selection.</p>
Fig. 4 in Social Behavior and Communication in the Neotropical Cicada Fidicina mannifera (Fabricius) (Homoptera: Cicadidae)
Fig. 4. Parallel walk display between two male Fidicina mannifera on the same tree trunk.
Data from: Dietary tryptophan affects group behavior in a social bird
<p>The amino acid tryptophan (Trp) is precursor of the neurotransmitter serotonin. Trp supplementation or other forms of serotonergic enhancement generally promote pro-social behavior, decreasing aggression and also feeding in different animals. However, past research has been conducted in confined spaces, and there is little work in naturalistic conditions where animals move and associate more freely. We gave a Trp-enriched diet to a free-flying flock of common waxbills (<em>Estrilda astrild</em>) in semi-natural conditions, and monitored group foraging, aggressions during feeding and the social network. Contrary to expectations, aggressiveness and feeding increased during Trp supplementation. Consistent with the prediction of increased social associations, foraging groups became larger and individuals joined more foraging groups, but these changes appear driven by increased appetite during Trp treatment. Also, the mean strength of associations in the social network did not change. Overall, Trp supplementation affected group behavior in this free-flying flock, but mostly in directions unanticipated based on research conducted in small spaces. To harmonize our results with those found in small confined spaces, we hypothesise that free-flying birds have energetic requirements not experienced in lab-housed individuals, which may impact social behaviour and responses to Trp.</p>
Boldness suppresses hoarding behavior in food hoarding season and reduces over-wintering survival in a social rodent
<p><span>The "pace-of-life" syndrome (POLS) framework can encompass multiple personality axes that drive important functional behaviours (e.g., foraging behaviour) and that co-vary with multiple life history traits. Food hoarding is an adaptive behaviour important for an animal's adaptation to seasonal fluctuations in food availability. However, the empirical evidence for the relationships between animal personality and hoarding behaviour remains unclear, including its fitness consequences in the POLS framework. In this study, the Mongolian gerbil (<em>Meriones</em> <em>unguiculatus</em>), a social rodent, was used as a model system to investigate how boldness or shyness is associated with food hoarding strategies in the food hoarding season and overwinter survival or reproduction at individual and group levels. The results of this study showed that compared to shy gerbils, bold gerbils had a lower effort foraging strategy during the food hoarding season and exhibited lower overwinter survival, but bold–shy personality differences had no effect on overwinter reproduction. These findings suggest that the personality of the animal is a key factor that affects the foraging strategy during the food hoarding season in Mongolian gerbils. Personality may be related to energy states or the reaction to environmental change (e.g., predation risk, food availability) in bold or shy social animals. These results reflect animal life history trade-offs between "current versus future reproduction" and "reproduction versus self-maintenance", thereby helping Mongolian gerbils adapt to seasonal fluctuations in their living environment.</span></p>
A Repeated Measures Dataset on Public Responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Social Norms, Attitudes, Behaviors, Conspiracy Thinking, and (Mis)Information
<p>We present a quantitative repeated measures dataset from intensive longitudinal research (diary survey) conducted with participants drawn from a nationally representative sample of the German population. This diary survey addresses a wide range of variables relevant to the COVID-19 pandemic, including information seeking, attitudes towards science, public health, and related behaviors. Respondents were asked about their thoughts, challenges, concerns, and experiences related to the pandemic. Survey responses were requested every two weeks from November 2020 and September 2021 for a total of 18 stages of data collection. The diary survey responses were all matched to the same individual. Using the unique identifier for each individual, the diary survey dataset can be analyzed in concert with a larger representative survey sample that was conducted three times within the same research project over this time period. The diary dataset we present here includes socio-demographic information and other potentially relevant variables, ready for secondary analysis.<br> <br> Initial sample frame: <em>N </em>= 1,480</p> <p>Initial diary survey sub-sample: <em>N </em>= 133</p>
Contours of the caregiver experience: Social resources and health behaviors in caregiving partners of persons with a spinal cord injury
<p class="MsoCommentText"><b>Background and rationale:</b><b> </b>Informal caregiving is highly prevalent in Switzerland and in the long-term associated with chronic stress as evidenced by its negative effects on caregivers health and well-being. To date, most of research on informal caregiving has been focused on the elderly. Yet, the evidence from these studies may not be applicable and misinform policy in context of physical disabilities, which may further concerns younger-aged caregivers. Spinal cord injury (SCI) is an exemplary condition for the enforced need of long-term informal care that oftentimes occurs in middle-age. To better understand the mechanisms behind the health-adverse effects of caregiving, a improved understanding of the interplay between social and behavioral factors and the caregiver experience is needed. This project was a follow-up of the longitudinal pro-WELL study (pro-WELL 1), which investigated associations of productive activities and social relationships with health and well-being in persons with SCI and their caregiving partners (SNSF Project 100017_153256/1). Using the follow-up funding by SNF (pro-WELL 2) we further explored the pro-WELL data to foster a comprehensive understanding of the caregiver experience, also to promote the discussion and transfer of the gained knowledge to stakeholders.</p> <p><b>Objectives:</b> The overall objective of this pro-WELL follow-up study ("pro-WELL 2") was to explore the relationship of social and behavioral factors with the caregiver experience to better understand the causal pathway linking the caregiver experience with health and well-being of the caregiving partners of persons with SCI. The specific aims were to investigate 1) whether socioeconomic conditions shape the caregiver experience, 2) whether social relationships moderate the association between the caregiver experience and health, and 3) whether the caregiver experience has an effect on health behaviors in the caregiving partners of persons with SCI. Using the evidence gained by pro-WELL 1 and 2, we aimed to conduct stakeholder dialogues in order to develop strategies to support burdened caregivers within the network of the Swiss Paraplegic Group.</p> <p><span><b>Methods: </b>Pro-WELL is an observational longitudinal survey with three measurement waves. Data collection was completed in January 2017 and n=133, n=123, and n=119 couples participated at baseline, month 6 and month 12, respectively. The analyses were based on longitudinal dyadic data from the caregiving partners of persons with SCI that completed at least two waves (n=123). We applied multivariable regression modelling and path analysis to explore the research questions.</span></p> <p><span><b>Results: </b>We demonstrated that caregivers with lower socioeconomic status reported a higher burden of care (Tough, Brinkhof, Siegrist, Fekete 2020, Int J Equity Health), provided evidence that social support moderates the association between the caregiver burden and health (Tough, Brinkhof, Fekete. submitted), and showed that the caregiver burden negatively affects specific health behaviors (Tough, Brinkhof, Fekete 2020, Health Psychology Behav Med)</span><span>. </span></p> <p><span><b>Discussion:</b> This study was among the first to investigate the social and behavioral factors related to the caregiver experience, and to evaluate possible pathways through which the caregiver experience may impact upon health and well-being in middle-aged caregivers of persons with a physical disability. This study identified targets for interventions aimed at improving the caregiver experience with the ultimate goal to contribute to caregivers' health and well-being. The results of the pro-WELL 2 study were used to inform stakeholder dialogues on the current needs and potential actions to improve the situation of informal caregivers in Switzerland. </span></p>
Data and code for Host and pathogen drivers of infection-induced changes in social aggregation behavior
<p>Raw data and R code </p> <p>DistanceInds.xlsx contains pairwise distances between pairs of flies, measured within groups of 12 every 30 mins for 4 hours post-infection with one of four bacterial pathogens, at either a low or high dose. </p> <p>NND-Boyle.csv contains nearest-neighbor distances between pairs of flies, measured within groups of 12 following infections with Pseudomonas entomophila. </p>
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.