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103 results for “Trait composition”
Spore traits mediate disturbance effects on AM fungal community composition and mutualisms
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Data from: Intraspecific trait changes have large impacts on community functional composition but do not affect ecosystem function
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Data from: Plasticity in plant functional traits is shaped by variability in neighbourhood species composition
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Data from: BIOVERA-Tree: tree diversity, community composition, forest structure and functional traits along gradients of forest-use intensity and elevation in Veracruz, Mexico
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Data from: Within-generation consequences of post-settlement mortality for trait composition in wild populations: an experimental test
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Community composition and species traits and plot positions
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Data from: Insect herbivory in novel Quercus ilex L. forests: the role of landscape attributes, forest composition and host traits
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Data from: Re-growing a tropical dry forest: functional plant trait composition and community assembly during succession
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Data from: Intraspecific variation in host plant traits mediates taxonomic and functional composition of local insect herbivore communities
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Data from: The interaction of phylogeny and community structure: linking the community composition and trait evolution of clades
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Data from: Integrating correlation between traits improves spatial predictions of plant functional composition
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The relative role of rivers, environmental heterogeneity and species traits in driving compositional changes in Southeastern Amazonian bird assemblages
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Data from: Ant community composition and functional traits in newly established grasslands within agricultural landscapes
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Data from: When homoplasy is not homoplasy: dissecting trait evolution by contrasting composite and reductive coding
The conceptualization and coding of characters is a difficult issue in phylogenetic systematics, no matter which inference method is used when reconstructing phylogenetic trees or if the characters are just mapped onto a specific tree. Complex characters are groups of features that can be divided into simpler hierarchical characters (reductive coding), although the implied hierarchical relational information may change depending on the type of coding (composite vs reductive). Up to now, there is no common agreement to either code characters as complex or simple. Phylogeneticists have discussed which coding method is best, but have not incorporated the heuristic process of reciprocal illumination to evaluate the coding. Composite coding allows to test 1) if several characters were linked resulting in a structure described as a complex character or trait, or 2) if independently evolving characters resulted in the configuration incorrectly interpreted as a complex character. We propose that complex characters or character states should be decomposed iteratively into simpler characters when the original homology hypothesis is not corroborated by a phylogenetic analysis, and the character or character state is retrieved as homoplastic. We tested this approach using the case of fruit types within subfamily Cinchonoideae (Rubiaceae). The iterative reductive coding of characters associated to drupes allowed us to unthread fruit evolution within Cinchonoideae. Our results show that drupes and berries are not homologous. As a consequence, a more precise ontology for the Cinchonoideae drupes is required.
Data from: Bony traits and genetics drive intraspecific variation in vertebrate elemental composition
Interspecific variation in elemental composition is well known and often leads to predictable differences in ecosystem interactions, but little is known about the extent, causes and importance of intraspecific variation in elemental composition. If intraspecific variation is substantial and has a genetic basis, it may underlie an important mechanism of evolutionary interplay with ecology as individuals compensate for evolutionary changes in elemental demand. To investigate the extent and causes of intraspecific elemental variation in vertebrates, we sampled evolutionary model species Gasterosteus aculeatus (Threespine Stickleback) from 12 locations in British Columbia, Canada. Fish were phenotyped, genotyped for Eda alleles underlying lateral plate variation and assayed for elemental content (C, N, P). We found stickleback vary widely in elemental composition (2.2 – 6.5%P; 3.0 – 9.4:1 N:P). Phenotypic models explained the majority of this variation using bony armour traits (pelvis length, lateral plate count), bone mineralization, body size and condition. Subsequent genetic models found allelic variation at Eda generates a 7-14% change in whole organism N:P. As Eda allele frequencies are commonly changed through strong natural selection in freshwater habitats, we infer that stickleback elemental composition can evolve rapidly. Further, as genetics are known to drive variation in many of the other influential traits, we conclude that genetic variation constitutes a major source of variation in the elemental composition of Gasterosteus aculeatus. As such, we find that elemental composition has a large evolutionary potential which may underlie important evo-eco interactions.
Data from: Independent sources of condition dependency and multiple pathways determine a composite trait: lessons from carotenoid-based plumage colouration
Many color ornaments are composite traits consisting of at least four components, which themselves may be more complex, determined by independent evolutionary pathways, and potentially being under different environmental control. To date, little evidence exists that several different components of color elaboration are condition-dependent and no direct evidence exists that different ornamental components are affected by different sources of variation. For example, in carotenoid-based plumage coloration, one of the best-known condition-dependent ornaments, color elaboration stems from both condition-dependent pigment concentration and structural components. Some environmental flexibility of these components has been suggested, but specifically which and how they are affected remains unknown. Here we tested whether multiple color components may be condition-dependent, by using a comprehensive 3 x 2 experimental design, in which we carotenoid supplemented and immune challenged great tit nestlings (Parus major) and quantified effects on different components of coloration. Plumage coloration was affected by an interaction between carotenoid availability and immune challenge. Path analyses showed that carotenoid supplementation increased plumage saturation via feather carotenoid concentration and via mechanisms unrelated to carotenoid-deposition, while immune challenge affected feather length, but not carotenoid concentration. Thus, independent condition-dependent pathways, affected by different sources of variation, determine color elaboration. This provides opportunities for the evolution of multiple signals within components of ornamental traits. This finding indicates that the selective forces shaping the evolution of different components of a composite trait and the trait's signal content may be more complex than believed so far, and that holistic approaches are required for drawing comprehensive evolutionary conclusions.
Data from: Plant community composition but not plant traits determine the outcome of soil legacy effects on plants and insects
1.Plants leave species-specific legacies in the soil they grow in that can represent changes in abiotic or biotic soil properties. It has been shown that such legacies can affect future plants that grow in the same soil (plant-soil feedback, PSF). Such processes have been studied in detail, but mostly on individual plants. Here we study PSF effects at the community level and use a trait-based approach both in the conditioning phase and in the feedback phase to study how twelve individual soil legacies influence six plant communities that differ in root size. 2.We tested if (I) grassland perennial species with large root systems would leave a stronger legacy than those with small root systems, (II) grass species would leave a more positive soil legacy than forbs and (III) communities with large root systems would be more responsive than small-rooted communities. We also tested (IV) whether a leaf chewing herbivore and a phloem feeder were affected by soil legacy effects in a community framework. 3.Our study shows that the six different plant communities that we used respond differently to soil legacies of twelve different plant species and their functional groups. Species with large root systems did not leave stronger legacies than species with small root systems, nor were communities with large root systems more responsive than communities with root systems. 4.Moreover, we show that when communities are affected by soil legacies, these effects carry over to the chewing herbivore Mamestra brassicae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) through induced behavioral changes resulting in better performance of a chewing herbivore on forb-conditioned soils than on grass-conditioned soils, whereas performance of the phloem feeder Rhopalosiphum padi (Hemiptera: Aphididae) remained unaffected. 5.Synthesis: The results of this study shed light on the variability of soil effects found in previous work on feedbacks in communities. Our study suggests that the composition of plant communities determines to a large part the response to soil legacies. Furthermore, the responses to soil legacies of herbivores feeding on the plant communities that we observed, suggests that in natural ecosystems, the vegetation history may also have an influence on contemporary herbivore assemblages. This opens up exciting new areas in plant-insect research and can have important implications for insect pest management.
Data from: Nitrogen enrichment and warming shift community functional composition via distinct mechanisms: the role of intraspecific trait variability and species turnover
<p>1. Global change factors may shift community functional composition by driving species turnover (species occurrence and species relative abundance) and intraspecific trait variability. However, their relative contribution in determining the functional response of community to global change, especially nitrogen enrichment and warming, remains unclear.</p> <p>2. We conducted a fully factorial field experiment in a Tibetan alpine meadow to examine responses of plant community functional composition to nitrogen enrichment and warming by quantifying seven plant functional traits in each plot. Using the sum of squares decomposition, we further disentangled the relative contribution of intraspecific trait variability and species turnover to changes in community functional composition.</p> <p>3. We found that nitrogen enrichment caused a shift of plant community toward a more resource-acquisitive strategy, while warming resulted in a shift toward a more resource-conservative strategy. Plant intraspecific trait variability controls shifts in community functional composition in response to nitrogen enrichment, whereas species turnover (especially change in species relative abundance) mainly explains warming-induced shifts. Nitrogen enrichment and warming did not show significant interactive effects on plant functional composition.</p> <p>4. These findings suggest that nitrogen enrichment and warming can alter community functional composition of alpine meadow through distinct mechanisms. Plant intraspecific trait variability confers functional resilience of Tibetan alpine meadows under nitrogen enrichment, but warming could induce significant turnover of species that pronouncedly impacts community functioning in this highland ecosystem.</p>
Fig. 2 in The invasive white ginger lily (Hedichium coronarium) simplifies the trait composition of an insect assemblage in the littoral zone of a Savanna reservoir
Fig. 2. The average values of FD indices of aquatic insect assemblages in invaded and non-invaded bank by white ginger lily of a reservoir in Brazilian Savanna (Cerrado Biome). A – FDis, B – FEve, C – FDiv. FD, Functional Diversity; FDis, Functional Dispersion; FEve, Functional Evenness; FDiv, Functional Divergence.
Data from: Community functional trait composition at the continental scale: the effects of non-ecological processes
Ecological communities and their response to environmental gradients are increasingly being described by measures of trait composition at the community level – the trait-based approach. Whether ecological or non-ecological processes influence trait composition between communities has been debated. Understanding the processes that influence trait composition is important for reconstructing paleoenvironmental conditions from fossil deposits and for understanding changes in community functionality through time. Here, we assess the influence of ecological and non-ecological processes on the distribution of traits within North American mammals. We found that non-ecological processes including historical contingency, spatial autocorrelation, and evolutionary history do not influence trait composition; however, the variance in trait composition is highly explained by climate gradients. Our results suggest that habitat breadth, terrestriality, diet breadth, and reproductive traits are strong candidates as proxies for measuring functional aspects of environments in the past and present.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.