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FIGURE 21 in Chinlechelys from the Upper Triassic of New Mexico, USA, and the origin of turtles

FIGURE 21. Chinlechelys tenertesta innominates: 1. Holotype innominate (P-16697-11) in distal view. 2. Proximal view. 3. Referred innominate (P-16621) distal view. 4. proximal view. Sutures are marked at the free edges of the innominate with a "s."

FIGURE 6 in Chinlechelys from the Upper Triassic of New Mexico, USA, and the origin of turtles

FIGURE 6. Outline drawing of Proganochelys quenstedti showing as shaded areas the approximate preserved portions of the shell and skull of Chinlechelys tenertesta. Numbers correspond to the suffix added to the specimen numbers in the text to identify specific fragments.

FIGURE 13. Chinlechelys tenertesta costal, NMMNH P-16697-1 in Chinlechelys from the Upper Triassic of New Mexico, USA, and the origin of turtles

FIGURE 13. Chinlechelys tenertesta costal, NMMNH P-16697-1 in 1, Dorsal and 2, ventral views; 3-5, Costals and ribs P-16697-3: 3, Ventral view and 4, line drawing; 5, Close up of dorsal side of rib in F where the costal plate has been broken away; and 6, Lateral view. Abbreviations: r, rib and c, costal.

FIGURE 1 in Chinlechelys from the Upper Triassic of New Mexico, USA, and the origin of turtles

FIGURE 1. Cladograms showing the various proposed placements of turtles (Testudines) relative to other amniotes. 1. Eunotosaurus as the ancestor of turtles (Watson, 1914). 2. Turtles as the sister group to the Dicynodontia Gardiner (1982). 3. Turtles as the sister group to the Captorhinidae (Gauthier et al., 1988). 4. Turtles as the sister group to Owenetta (Reisz and Laurin, 1991). 5. Turtles as the sister group to the Pareiasauridae (Lee, 1997). 6. Turtles as the sister group to the Sauropterygia (Rieppel and Reisz, 1999). 7. Turtles as a sister group to archosaurs (Hugal et al., 2007; Crawford et al., 2012; and Chiari et al., 2012).

FIGURE 7 in Chinlechelys from the Upper Triassic of New Mexico, USA, and the origin of turtles

FIGURE 7. Part of skull of Chinlechelys tenertesta, NMMNH P-16697-12: 1, stereograph of the left posterior portion of Chinlechelys skull in dorsal view; 2, dorsal view of same with labels. Abbreviations: po, jugal; qj, quadratojugal; ri, ridge (a and b indicate the two separate ridges referred to in the text); sq, squamosal; te, temporal emargination.

FIGURE 9. Chinlechelys tenertesta NMMNH P-16697-8,15,16 in Chinlechelys from the Upper Triassic of New Mexico, USA, and the origin of turtles

FIGURE 9. Chinlechelys tenertesta NMMNH P-16697-8,15,16, Neural plates and thoracic vertebrae 1-8 in 1, dorsal; and 2, ventral views.

FIGURE 24 in Chinlechelys from the Upper Triassic of New Mexico, USA, and the origin of turtles

FIGURE 24. Phylogeny resulting from our cladistic analysis, excluding Eunotosaurus, adding in the two autapomorphies of the Pareiasauridae and testing the position of Testudines within the Reptilia. This was based on the modified version of the Szczygielski matrix presented in this paper and run through the program TNT with multistate characters ordered. Bremer support values above one are listed above nodes, and bootstrap values above 50% are listed below nodes.

FIGURE 20. Chinlechelys tenertesta, NMMNH P-16697-14 in Chinlechelys from the Upper Triassic of New Mexico, USA, and the origin of turtles

FIGURE 20. Chinlechelys tenertesta, NMMNH P-16697-14, Hypoplastron in dorsal (1) and ventral (3) views. Line drawings of dorsal view (2) and ventral views (4). Note the suture to the pelvis in the lower right of the dorsal view and the longitudinal sulcus crossing the hypoplastron in the ventral view near the edge of the bone. Abbreviation: in, inguinal scute.

FIGURE 29 in Chinlechelys from the Upper Triassic of New Mexico, USA, and the origin of turtles

FIGURE 29. Plot showing the forelimb proportions of several putative basal turtles and the synapsid Edaphosaurus as a comparison relative to a variety of extant turtles. 1. comparison relative to various turtle taxa; and 2. comparison to different habitats of extant turtles. Figure is based on Joyce and Gauthier (2004).

FIGURE 27 in Chinlechelys from the Upper Triassic of New Mexico, USA, and the origin of turtles

FIGURE 27. Side-by-side comparison of left lateral views of the skulls of: 1. Casea. 2. Eunotosaurus. 3. Milleretta. Not to scale. Casea based on Lee (1993), Eunotosaurus based on Keysler and Gow (1981), and Milleretta based on Romer (1956).

FIGURE 15 in Chinlechelys from the Upper Triassic of New Mexico, USA, and the origin of turtles

FIGURE 15. Carapace fragments of Chinlechelys tenertesta: 1-2, NMMNH P-16697-2 costal bones in dorsal view; 3- 4, NMMNH P-16697-6, costal fragment in dorsal and ventral views; 5, NMMNH P-16697-7, costal fragment in dorsal view; and 6-7, NMMNH P-16697-5 costal fragment in dorsal view. Abbreviations: pr, dorsal process; r, rib; and s, suture.

FIGURE 18. Chinlechelys tenertesta, NMMNH P-16697- 13 in Chinlechelys from the Upper Triassic of New Mexico, USA, and the origin of turtles

FIGURE 18. Chinlechelys tenertesta, NMMNH P-16697- 13, hyoplastron and mesoplastron in 1, external view; 2, external view line drawing; and 3, internal view. 4, left axillary notch in dorsal view. Short dashes indicate sutures and longer dashes sulci and raised surface structures.

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2019View details →

Fig. 1 - A in The Norian Worthenia-like gastropods (Main Dolomite, Upper Triassic): reclassification of the specimens housed at the "Antonio Stoppani" Natural Museum, Italy

Fig. 1 - A) Wortheniella pygmaea (Stoppani) AS 41/43, lateral view, showing the pattern of the growth lines, which curve backwards above and below the nodose adapical carina (corresponding to the selenizone). Songavazzo (BG), Norian, Main Dolomite. B) Wortheniella pygmaea (Stoppani) AS 41/43, latero-basal view, showing the very conspicuous threads on the base. C) Wortheniella pygmaea (Stoppani) AS 41/43, apical view of the early whorls of the spire. D) Wortheniella pygmaea (Stoppani) AS 41/43, lateral view of the early whorls of the spire. E) Wortheniella pygmaea (Stoppani) AS 41/43a, lateral view. F) Wortheniella pygmaea (Stoppani) AS 41/43a, latero-basal view, showing the region of the umbilicus, which is largely occupied by a columellar lip.

Figure 8 in The first record of Upper Permian and Lower Triassic scorpions from Russia (Chelicerata: Scorpiones)

Figure 8: Fossil PIN 4812/46, Nedubrovo, leg basitarsus, lateral view. Fossil (top) and hypothesized interpretation of structures (bottom). Red arrowheads indicate setal areolae.

Figure 2 in The first record of Upper Permian and Lower Triassic scorpions from Russia (Chelicerata: Scorpiones)

Figure 2: PIN 3840/986, Isady, left pedipalp patella, internal view (bottom edge is dorsal surface). Fossil (top) and hypothesized interpretation of structures (bottom). Red lines outline the Dorsal Patellar Spur (DPS c) and Ventral Patellar Spur (VPS ) carinae, and red arrowheads indicate setal areolae. DPS and VPS are also indicated accompanied by setal areolae.

Figure 1 in The first record of Upper Permian and Lower Triassic scorpions from Russia (Chelicerata: Scorpiones)

Figure 1: Geographic position of the localities yielding the scorpion remains. Isady (60°37'N, 45°37'E; photo by D. Kopylov) and Nedubrovo (60°03′N, 45°44′E; photo by E. Karasev).

Figure 3 in The first record of Upper Permian and Lower Triassic scorpions from Russia (Chelicerata: Scorpiones)

Figure 3: PIN 3840/2083, Isady, leg tarsus, lateral view. Fossil (top) and hypothesized interpretation of structures (bottom). Red arrowheads indicate setal areolae.

Figure 6 in The first record of Upper Permian and Lower Triassic scorpions from Russia (Chelicerata: Scorpiones)

Figure 6: PIN 3840/2083, Isady, leg tarsus, lateral view, counterpart. Fossil (top) and closeup of ungues (bottom).

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2014View details →

Fig. 3 in Mammal-like tooth from the Upper Triassic of Poland

Fig. 3. Explanatory drawing of ZPAL V.33/734, right lower molariform tooth of the morganucodont mammaliaform Hallautherium sp. (occlusal view) from Upper Triassic, Lipie Śląskie clay-pit at Lisowice, Poland.