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149 results for “Variability, spatial”
Figure 1 in Tintinnina (Ciliophora) and Foraminifera in plankton of hypersaline Lagoon Bardawil (Egypt): spatial and temporal variability
Figure 1. Map of sampling stations in Lagoon Bardawil.
Supplementary files: Machine Learning Insights into Türkiye's Climate Variability: Predictive Modelling and Spatial Analysis
<p>This dataset and python code were used in the study titled "Machine Learning Insights into Türkiye's Climate Variability: Predictive Modelling and Spatial Analysis".</p>
Distinct Roles of Land Cover in Regulating Spatial Variabilities of Temperature Responses to Radiative Effects of Aerosols and Clouds
<p>Dataset of drawing figures in work 'Distinct Roles of Land Cover in Regulating Spatial Variabilities of Temperature Responses to Radiative Effects of Aerosols and Clouds'.</p> <p>Dataset File List </p> <p>1. Present_Day_Variables.nc : global spatial distributions of radiative forcing, climate sensitivity and temperature response </p> <p>2. Regional_Variables.xlsx : regional data of radiative forcing, climate sensitivity and temperature response</p> <p>3. Aerosol_Burdens.nc : monthly aerosol burdens (atmospheric column concentration) of ten simulation cases </p> <p>4. Aerosol_Burdens_README.txt : dimensional descriptions of Aerosol_Burdens.nc</p> <p>5. Monthly_Radiation.nc : monthly radiation variables of PD simulation for testing model performance</p> <p>6. Monthly_Radiation_README.txt : dimensional descriptions of Monthly_Radiation.nc</p> <p> </p>
Data from: Two for the price of one: eDNA metabarcoding reveals temporal and spatial variability of mussel and fish co-distributions in Michigan riverine systems
<p>Freshwater mussels (family Unionidae) are among the world's most endangered taxa, with almost 75% of North American taxa classified as a species of concern, threatened, or endangered. Despite the critical importance of comprehensive distributional data for the conservation of unionids and fishes, these data are often lacking because of the labor and resources associated with traditional survey methods. During their larval stage, unionid mussels use various fish species as obligate hosts, making native fish species vital to unionid persistence and an understanding of host distribution similarly important. Here, we utilized an eDNA metabarcoding approach to evaluate patterns of co-distribution of unionid mussels and fishes along ~362 km of the densely sampled Grand River network as well as the outlets of 19 tributaries along the eastern shore of Lake Michigan, USA. We detected a total of 21 mussel and 40 fish taxa, with distinctive composition of both mussel and fish assemblages across tributaries and differences in fish taxa between sampling periods. Notably, we detected more mussel taxa within the Grand River watershed than at the outlets of all 20 rivers combined. Within the Grand River network, two fish taxa (<em>Pylodictus</em> <em>olivaris</em> and <em>Cyprinella</em>) were found more frequently in areas of high mussel diversity, and three fish taxa more frequently in areas of low mussel diversity (<em>Umbra</em>, Leuciscidae, and <em>Etheostoma</em>). There was little difference between eDNA detections of mussels from samples collected in June versus August, but we detected significantly more fish taxa in August compared to June. Taken together, our findings demonstrate the value of eDNA metabarcoding for evaluating co-distribution of ecologically connected taxa. The use of eDNA as a tool for determining distributions of mussels and their obligate hosts may facilitate conservation efforts for these imperiled taxa.</p>
Influence of small-scale spatial variability of soil properties on yield formation of winter wheat
<p>This is a data set of soil properties and plant properties of winter wheat.</p> <p>The data derived from a long-term field trial for the year 2016 at the Asendorf field station 70 km north of Hanover, Germany (49 m above sea level, 52°45′48.4′′N 9°01′24.3′′E) and a field site in Triesdorf, located in Northern Bavaria (450 m a.s.l., 49°12'36.5"N 10°38'33.9"E).</p> <p>Data includes soil (OC, bulk density, texture, pH-value) and plant data (grain yield, thousand grain weight, tillers per m², spikes per m²). All methods and data will be described in an upcoming journal article in the Journal Plant and Soil (DOI:10.1007/s111104-023-06212-2).</p>
Data from: Two for the price of one: eDNA metabarcoding reveals temporal and spatial variability of mussel and fish co-distributions in Michigan riverine systems
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Biotic filtering by species’ interactions constrains food-web variability across spatial and abiotic gradients
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Dispersal increases spatial synchrony of populations but has weak effects on population variability: a meta-analysis
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Data from: Emergence of long-term balanced polymorphism under cyclic selection of spatially variable magnitude
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Variable parallelism in the genomic basis of age at maturity across spatial scales in Atlantic Salmon
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A matter of scale: Identifying the best spatial and temporal scale of environmental variables to model the distribution of a small cetacean
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Light quality and spatial variability influences on seedling regeneration in Hawaiian lowland wet forests
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Data from: Drivers of intra-individual spatial variability in methane emissions from tree trunks in upland forest
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Quantifying the Spatial Variability of a Snowstorm Using Differential Airborne Lidar
<p>Dataset consists of a single folder that includes all data used for the publication entitled: Quantifying the Spatial Variability of a Snowstorm Using Differential Airborne Lidar. Within the folder is a README file that describes the data structure. </p>
Data from: Substrate and spatial variables are major determinants of fungal community in karst caves in Southwest China
Aim: Previous studies primarily based on the culture method have revealed that caves host a high fungal diversity and that exogenous carbon sources influence fungal communities. Here, we assess the fungal diversity and distribution patterns in karst caves in Southwest China and reveal the major factors that shape the fungal communities. Location: Southwest China. Methods: Samples of air, rock, sediment, and water were collected from eight caves in Southwest China. Using high-throughput sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer 1 region of fungal rDNA, we examined the cave fungal communities in Southwest China and studied their correlations with potentially influential factors, such as substrate, cave, location and environmental variables. Results: Approximately 10,000 fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) spanning 15 phyla were obtained. The highest diversity genus was Penicillium, while Mortierella had the highest relative abundance. Compared with air and rock samples, sediment and water samples harboured higher diversity and distinct communities. Substrate and cave were revealed to be the key determinants of the fungal communities in caves. Sample location and sampling distance from the entrance had more significant impacts on rock and sediment communities than on air and water assemblages. The fungal assemblages in air and water samples from the cave and outside cave environments were similar, while those of rock and sediment samples were significantly different. Main conclusions: Our results indicate that sediment and water harboured higher fungal diversity than air and rock, and substrate and spatial variables are key determinants of fungal communities in caves.
Data from: Partitioning the effects of regional, spatial and local variables on beta diversity of salt marsh arthropods in Chile
Aim: We examined the influence of regional, spatial and local variables (edaphic characteristics and vegetation structure) on patterns of arthropod variation along the Chilean coast by partitioning beta diversity into its turnover and nestedness components. Location: 2000 km along the coast of Chile Methods: We collected ground-dwelling arthropod samples from 9 marshes during two seasons. A clustering method was used to examine patterns of arthropod similarity across salt marshes. We also calculated multiple site beta diversity and partitioned it into its turnover and nestedness components. Variation partitioning was then used to identify the major drivers of their variation (regional, spatial and local variables). We compared results for the whole arthropod community and for the most abundant, speciose and functionally different groups, Crustacea, Coleoptera and Araneae. Results: Salt marsh arthropod similarities did not depend on the geographic proximity of sites. Arthropod beta diversity was mainly determined by its turnover component. A significant fraction of community variation was structured according to regional (i.e. climate differences) or local (i.e. soil salinity) differences among marshes depending on the studied group. However, the exclusive contribution of spatial variables had also a role. Main conclusions: Each salt marsh on the Chilean coast has the capacity to accommodate unique invertebrate taxa. Niche sorting along the climatic gradient together with dispersal-based processes seem the key structuring force of the arthropods and Crustacean variation in the marshes we studied, while niche sorting alone might be more important for Coleoptera variation.
Data from: Spatial scaling of environmental variables improves species-habitat models of fishes in a small, sand-bed lowland river
Habitat suitability and the distinct mobility of species depict fundamental keys for explaining and understanding the distribution of river fishes. In recent years, comprehensive data on river hydromorphology has been mapped at spatial scales down to 100 m, potentially serving high resolution species-habitat models, e.g., for fish. However, the relative importance of specific hydromorphological and in-stream habitat variables and their spatial scales of influence is poorly understood. Applying boosted regression trees, we developed species-habitat models for 13 fish species in a sand-bed lowland river based on river morphological and in-stream habitat data. First, we calculated mean values for the predictor variables in five distance classes (from the sampling site up to 4000 m up- and downstream) to identify the spatial scale that best predicts the presence of fish species. Second, we compared the suitability of measured variables and assessment scores related to natural reference conditions. Third, we identified variables which best explained the presence of fish species. The mean model quality (AUC = 0.78, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve) significantly increased when information on the habitat conditions up- and downstream of a sampling site (maximum AUC at 2500 m distance class, +0.049) and topological variables (e.g., stream order) were included (AUC = +0.014). Both measured and assessed variables were similarly well suited to predict species' presence. Stream order variables and measured cross section features (e.g., width, depth, velocity) were best-suited predictors. In addition, measured channel-bed characteristics (e.g., substrate types) and assessed longitudinal channel features (e.g., naturalness of river planform) were also good predictors. These findings demonstrate (i) the applicability of high resolution river morphological and instream-habitat data (measured and assessed variables) to predict fish presence, (ii) the importance of considering habitat at spatial scales larger than the sampling site, and (iii) that the importance of (river morphological) habitat characteristics differs depending on the spatial scale.
Data from: Spatial variability in size at maturity of golden king crab (Lithodes aequispinus) and implications for fisheries management
Many crab fisheries around the world are managed by size, sex and season, where males are given at least one opportunity to reproduce before being harvested. Golden king crab (Lithodes aequispinus) supports a commercial fishery in Southeast Alaska and legal size is based on growth and maturity information from other parts of their range. Size at maturity estimates varied for crabs among seven management areas in Southeast Alaska, where male maturity estimates increased in size with increases in latitude while maturity estimates across their North Pacific range decreased in size with increases in latitude. Depth, temperature, and harvest history were not related to variation observed in male maturity estimates. Management implications from this research include reducing legal size in some areas to maximize harvest potential and increasing in others to allow male crab the opportunity to reproduce before being harvested. A more conservative strategy would incorporate the largest maturity estimate thus, increasing the legal size which would have a negative impact to the commercial fishery, but allow male crab the opportunity to reproduce before being harvested. This study shows the importance of understanding how life history characteristics change over space and the challenge incorporating spatial variability for improved fisheries management.
Data from: Fine scale spatial variability in the influence of environmental cycles on the occurrence of dolphins at coastal sites
Environmental cycles often influence the presence of animals, creating patterns at different temporal scales, which may mean that their effects overlap and/or interact. Interactions between diel and seasonal cycles have been reported to influence fish behaviour but little is known about such interactions in marine top predators. Here, we studied the combined effect of seasonal, tidal and diel cycles on the occurrence of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) within a Marine Protected Area in Scotland. Our analyses were based on echolocation detections from passive acoustic devices (CPODs) deployed at three coastal sites between 2010 and 2016. We described patterns of dolphins' occurrence using circular statistics and then used generalised additive mixed models to explore the relative importance of each cycle and any interactions between them. We found site-specific cyclical patterns of presence that remained constant across years. There was a highly significant interaction between seasonal and diel cycles at two sites around deep channels, where occurrence was diurnal in summer but became nocturnal in autumn. The study demonstrates the highly plastic behaviour of bottlenose dolphins and shows a previously unreported behaviour that has management implications for this and other marine protected areas.
Data from: Spatial and temporal patterns of larval dispersal in a coral-reef fish metapopulation: evidence of variable reproductive success
Many marine organisms can be transported hundreds of kilometers during their pelagic larval stage, yet little is known about spatial and temporal patterns of larval dispersal. Although traditional population-genetic tools can be applied to infer movement of larvae on an evolutionary time scale, large effective population sizes and high rates of gene-flow present serious challenges to documenting dispersal patterns over shorter, ecologically-relevant, time scales. Here, we address these challenges by combining direct parentage analysis and indirect genetic analyses over a four-year period to document spatial and temporal patterns of larval dispersal in a common coral-reef fish: the bicolor damselfish (Stegastes partitus). At four island locations surrounding Exuma Sound, Bahamas, including a long-established marine reserve, we collected 3,278 individuals and genotyped them at 10 microsatellite loci. Using Bayesian parentage analysis, we identified eight parent-offspring pairs, thereby directly documenting dispersal distances ranging from 0 km (i.e., self-recruitment) to 129 km (i.e., larval connectivity). Despite documenting substantial dispersal and gene-flow between islands, we observed more self-recruitment events than expected if the larvae were drawn from a common, well-mixed pool (i.e., a completely open population). Additionally, we detected both spatial and temporal variation in signatures of sweepstakes and Wahlund effects. The high variance in reproductive success (i.e., "sweepstakes") we observed may be influenced by seasonal mesoscale gyres present in the Exuma Sound, which play a prominent role in shaping local oceanographic patterns. This study documents the complex nature of larval dispersal in a coral-reef fish, and highlights the importance of sampling multiple cohorts and coupling both direct and indirect genetic methods in order disentangle patterns of dispersal, gene-flow, and variable reproductive success.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.