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102 results for “abiotic factors”
Data from: Biotic and abiotic factors shape the microbiota of wild-caught populations of the arbovirus vector Culicoides imicola
Biting midges of the genus Culicoides are known vectors of arboviruses affecting human and animal health. However, little is known about Culicoides imicola microbiota and its influence on this insect's biology. In this study, the impact of biotic and abiotic factors on C. imicola microbiota was characterized using shotgun-metagenomic sequencing of whole body DNA samples. Wild-caught C. imicola adult nulliparous females were sampled in two locations from Sicily, Italy. The climatic variables of temperature and soil moisture from both localities were recorded together with potential host blood meal sources. Shared core microbiome among C. imicola populations included Pseudomonas, Escherichia, Halomonas, Candidatus Zinderia, Propionibacterium, and Schizosaccharomyces. Specific and unique taxa were also found in C. imicola from each location, highlighting similarities and differences in microbiome composition between both populations. DNA and protein identification showed differences in host preferences between both populations with Homo sapiens and Canis lupus familiaris L. being the preferred blood meal source in both locations. A principal component analysis showed that the combined effect of host preferences (H. sapiens) and local soil moisture factors shape the microbiome composition of wild-caught populations of C. imicola. These results contribute to characterizing the role of the microbiome in insect adaptation and its utility in predicting geographic expansion of Culicoides species with potential implications for the control of vector-borne diseases.
Data from: The role of abiotic and biotic factors in determining coexistence of multiple pollinators in the yucca-yucca moth mutualism
The determinants of a species' geographic distribution are a combination of both abiotic and biotic factors. Environmental niche modeling of climatic factors has been instrumental in documenting the role of abiotic factors in a species' niche. Integrating this approach with data from species interactions provides a means to assess the relative roles of abiotic and biotic components. Here, we examine whether the high host specificity typically exhibited in the active pollination mutualism between yuccas and yucca moths is the result of differences in climatic niche requirements that limit yucca moth distributions or the result of competition among mutualistic moths that would co-occur on the same yucca species. We compared the species distribution models of two Tegeticula pollinator moths that use the geographically widespread plant Yucca filamentosa. Tegeticula yuccasella occurs throughout eastern North America whereas T. cassandra is restricted to the southeastern portion of the range, primarily occurring in Florida. Species distribution models demonstrate that T. cassandra is restricted climatically to the southeastern United States and T. yuccasella is predicted to be able to live across all of eastern North America. Data on moth abundances in Florida demonstrate that both moth species are present on Y. filamentosa; however, T. cassandra is numerically dominant. Taken together, the results suggest that moth geographic distributions are heavily influenced by climate, but competition among pollinating congeners will act to restrict populations of moth species that co-occur.
The role of abiotic and biotic factors in the unequal body shape diversification of a Gondwanan fish radiation (Otophysi:Characiformes)
<p>Understanding why some clades diversify greatly, while others do not, is a major goal of evolutionary biology. Both abiotic and biotic factors are important in driving unequal morphological diversity across the tree of life. However, few studies have quantified how differences in abiotic habitat and community composition influence unequal morphological diversification in spatiotemporally diffuse radiations. Here we use geometric morphometrics, abiotic habitat data generated by Geographic Information Systems (GIS) analyses, evolutionary simulations, and phylogenetic comparative methods to determine whether random evolution, habitat variation, competition for niches or a combination of factors influenced the unequal body shape diversity of a Gondwanan freshwater fish radiation. We find that neotropical characiform lineages, which exhibit substantially more body shape diversity than their African counterparts, occupy significantly more slope and elevation habitats than African lineages. Differences in habitat occupation between the continental radiations occur by a combination of competition with cypriniform fishes in Africa restricting access to higher slope and elevation habitats and significantly more low elevation and slope habitat available in the neotropics. Our findings suggest that spatiotemporally widespread radiations, like the Characiformes, do not diversify across homogenized habitats and biotic assemblages, with differences in community structure and physical habitat important in driving unequal morphological diversification. </p>
Figure 3 in Phenology and impact of abiotic factors with a temporal lag on the abundance of common crab spider, Xysticus cristatus (Clerck, 1757) (Araneae: Thomisidae) in the agroecosystems of Kashmir
Figure 3. Carapace width frequency distribution of the monthly catches of Xysticus cristatus from April to September 2019.
Figure 4 in Phenology and impact of abiotic factors with a temporal lag on the abundance of common crab spider, Xysticus cristatus (Clerck, 1757) (Araneae: Thomisidae) in the agroecosystems of Kashmir
Figure 4. Activity pattern in terms of number of females caught in pitfall traps and abdominal width from March to July 2019 during the reproductive period in females of Xysticus cristatus.
Figure 2 in Phenology and impact of abiotic factors with a temporal lag on the abundance of common crab spider, Xysticus cristatus (Clerck, 1757) (Araneae: Thomisidae) in the agroecosystems of Kashmir
Figure 2. Circular histograms illustrating the frequency of age structure established for the population of Xysticus cristatus in agroecosystems of Kashmir from March 2018 to February 2020. The angular mean or direction of the data is indicated by the grey line vector inside the circle. The 95% confidence interval is indicated by the transverse line in the sector outside the circle.
Global quantitative synthesis of effects of biotic and abiotic factors on stemflow production in woody ecosystems
<p><span><b>Aim: </b>Stemflow has been increasingly recognized as an indispensable component in water and nutrient budgets within vegetated ecosystems. Here we aim to quantify the stemflow percentage (St, %) of incident precipitation (i.e., stemflow production) at a global scale, and to provide a systematic evaluation on how biotic and abiotic factors affect St.</span></p> <p><span><b>Location: </b>Global</span></p> <p><span><b>Time period: </b>1970 – 2019</span></p> <p><span><b>Major taxa studied: </b>Woody plants (trees and shrubs)</span></p> <p><span><b>Methods: </b>We compiled a global stemflow dataset from 234 peer-reviewed papers, which included 488 observations of St and the related biotic (stand characteristics) and abiotic factors (climate variables) at 283 sites within terrestrial woody plant ecosystems. We explored the global pattern of St and performed a machine learning method (boosted regression trees) to model the effects of biotic and abiotic variables on St.</span></p> <p><span><b>Results: </b>Globally, the median (interquartile range, IQR) St was 2.7 % (1.0 – 6.3 %). We found that St in arid zones (type B in Köppen-Geiger climate classification) was significant higher (<i>P</i> < 0.01) than in other climate types, and we also detected a significant difference (<i>P</i> < 0.01) in St between trees (median: 2.4 %; IQR: 1.0 – 5.3 %) and shrubs (median: 7.2 %; IQR: 5.2 – 11.9 %). Predictor variables that substantially accounted for the explained deviance of the final model included vegetation height (27.0 %), mean annual precipitation (16.1 %), mean annual temperature (14.4 %), stand density (10.8 %), stand age (8.9 %), and bark type (5.5 %). In contrast, leaf area index, diameter at breast height, basal area, phenology type, life form, and leaf type were classified as low importance.</span></p> <p><span><b>Main conclusions: </b>Our synthesis provides a cross-site comparison of St, and gives a holistic view on how climate variables and stand characteristics contribute to and affect global stemflow production.</span></p>
Megafruit and megafauna diversity are positively associated, while megafruit traits are related to abiotic factors, in Tropical Asia
<p class="Body"><b>Aim</b></p> <p class="Body">For tens of millions of years, herbivorous megafauna were abundant across the globe, fulfilling important ecological roles including seed dispersal. Megafruits are very large fruits that are dispersed most effectively by megafauna. However, megafruits also occur in ecosystems where megafauna are extinct or were never present, emphasizing our incomplete understanding of megafauna-megafruit relationships. Here we use the complex biogeography of tropical Asia to investigate how megafruit diversity and traits are associated with the diversity of megafauna, smaller animals, and abiotic factors.</p> <p class="Body"><b>Location</b></p> <p class="Body">Tropical Asia, from the Indian subcontinent in the west to tropical China in the north to the Maluku archipelago (Indonesia) in the east.</p> <p class="Body"><b>Time period</b></p> <p class="Body">Late Pleistocene to the present day.</p> <p class="Body"><b>Major taxa studied</b></p> <p class="Body">Megafauna (body weight >500 kg) that consume fruits, including stegodons, elephants, rhinoceroses, giant tapirs, and large bovids. Fleshy-fruited plant species across the region with a fruit width >40 mm (i.e., megafruits).</p> <p class="Body"><b>Methods</b></p> <p class="Body">We compiled a list of all megafruits along with selected plant, fruit, and seed traits in 16 subregions across tropical Asia. We explored biogeographic patterns in megafruit diversity and traits in relation to the diversities of past and present megafauna, large- and medium-sized animals and abiotic factors (mean temperature, mean precipitation, precipitation seasonality, insularity).</p> <p class="Body"><b>Results</b></p> <p class="Body">We identified 496 megafruits in tropical Asia. Megafruit diversity was highest in subregions with high megafaunal diversity, particularly extant species. Megafruit traits were influenced most strongly by abiotic factors (mainly temperature and land area), and weakly by megafauna and smaller dispersers.</p> <p class="Body"><b>Main conclusions</b></p> <p class="Body">Our results are consistent with megafauna maintaining or responding to megafruit diversity, but variation in megafruit traits is primarily associated with abiotic factors. Given the massive megafaunal losses in tropical Asia since the Late Pleistocene, it is important to identify fruit traits that can increase megafauna-dependence and thus vulnerability to these losses.</p>
Figure 1 in The effects of abiotic and biotic factors on web-decorating behaviour of an orb-weaving spider, Cyclosa octotuberculata Karsch (Araneae: Araneidae)
Figure 1. Cyclosa octotuberculata and its web decorations. (A) Close-up of female sitting at hub and facing down. (B) Spider on a web without decorations. (C) Spider at hub with a linear plant-detritus (arrows) decoration. (D) Spider at hub with a linear prey-remain (arrow) decoration. (E) Spider with a linear silk decoration. (F) Spider with a linear decoration consisting of moult (arrow), plant detritus and prey remains. (G) Spider at hub with a linear egg-sac (arrow) decoration. (H) Spider on its prey-remain-decorated web without spirals. The scale bars are 10 mm.
Abiotic factors influence species co‐occurrence patterns of lake fishes
<p>This dataset contains the identity of the lakes used for the analyses performed in the paper: Cordero, R., & Jackson, D. (2021). Abiotic factors influence species co‐occurrence patterns of lake fishes. <i>Journal of Animal Ecology</i>. doi:10.1111/1365-2656.13587".</p> <p>This study analyzed the effect of habitat size (i.e., lake area and depth) on the pattern of co-occurrence of multiple fish species in lakes from two different regions, western and central, in Ontario, Canada.</p> <p>The main results of this study were that area and depth showed a significant influence across all the species co-occurrence patterns, in both regions. However, when analyzing groups of species involved in biotic interactions like predator-prey or species sharing similar habitat requirements, we found significant results only for lake area in the central region, which suggests a context-dependency on factors linked with region.</p> <p>Our results demonstrate the effect of environmental variables on species co-occurrence patterns, but the divergent results obtained between geographic regions suggest that such patterns are context-dependent. This study emphasizes the importance of considering abiotic factors in null models of species co-occurrence to obtain reliable and detailed information about the association patterns between species.</p>
Data from: Influence of abiotic and biotic factors on benthic marine community composition, structure and stability: a multidisciplinary approach to molluscan assemblages from the Miocene of northern Germany
<p><span>The Miocene mica-clay deposits of Groß Pampau (northern Germany) are well known for their diverse assemblages of marine mammals, particularly whales. Despite numerous systematic and biostratigraphic studies, an in-depth palaeoecological analysis of its diverse molluscan assemblages and a comprehensive palaeoenvironmental reconstruction are lacking. Here, we integrated new faunal, sedimentological, and geochemical data to reconstruct the marine palaeo-ecosystem of the late Miocene sedimentary succession of Groß Pampau, and to identify the drivers controlling the composition, ecological structure and temporal dynamics of its macrobenthic molluscan assemblages. Fossil evidence, coupled with analyses of clay mineral composition, grain size distribution, and geochemical data (total organic carbon, total nitrogen, δ<sup>13</sup>C, δ<sup>18</sup>O, δ<sup>15</sup>N of sediment and shells), suggest a warm-temperate, mesotrophic, low-energy, offshore marine setting mostly below storm wave base and a pronounced surface-to-bottom water temperature gradient. Low variability in sedimentological and geochemical signals indicates generally stable physico-chemical conditions, whereas occurrences of opportunistic species (<em>Varicorbula</em> <em>gibba</em>) point at </span><span>occasionally less favourable bottom conditions, possibly related to transient hypoxia</span><span>. Canonical correspondence analysis reveals that the distribution of molluscan assemblages correlates with total organic carbon and nitrogen content, suggesting organic matter availability at the seafloor as a controlling factor. A pattern of repetitive punctuated stasis of molluscan assemblages is defined by the temporal persistence in taxonomic and ecological composition, occasionally interrupted by shifts to a different faunal configuration. We suggest that both stable environmental conditions and biotic interactions, i.e. the top-down control exerted by carnivorous gastropods and environmental modification by ubiquitous burrowing deposit feeders, probably contributed to the observed temporal stability. Whereas comparison with Miocene molluscan assemblages of Gram, Denmark, revealed differences in the presence and relative abundance of genera, functional congruence indicates that offshore benthic ecosystems of the southern North Sea Basin functioned similarly.</span></p>
Data from: Influence of abiotic and biotic factors on benthic marine community composition, structure and stability: a multidisciplinary approach to molluscan assemblages from the Miocene of northern Germany
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Data from: Disease swamps molecular signatures of genetic-environmental associations to abiotic factors in Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii) populations
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Data from: Trophic interactions and abiotic factors drive functional and phylogenetic structure of vertebrate herbivore communities across the Arctic tundra biome
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Data from: Trophic niche breadth of pond zooplankton species using stable isotope analysis and the relationship with the abiotic and biotic factors
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Data from: Assembly of root-associated bacteria communities: interactions between abiotic and biotic factors
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Global quantitative synthesis of effects of biotic and abiotic factors on stemflow production in woody ecosystems
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Data from: The role of abiotic and biotic factors in determining coexistence of multiple pollinators in the yucca-yucca moth mutualism
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Data from: Biotic and abiotic factors shape the microbiota of wild-caught populations of the arbovirus vector Culicoides imicola
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Abiotic factors influence species co‐occurrence patterns of lake fishes
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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