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108 results for “asynchrony”
Portfolio effect and asynchrony as drivers of stability in plant-pollinator communities along a gradient of landscape heterogeneity
<p>Understanding how pollination services can be maintained in increasingly anthropogenic landscapes is a current challenge for basic and applied ecology. The stability of plant-pollinator communities might increase in heterogeneous landscapes with a high diversity of species and alternative habitats, both through increased portfolio effect (property of communities to fluctuate less than the sum of its counterparts) and decreased synchrony (coincident changes in species abundance). However, how these drivers of stability (portfolio effect and synchrony) vary along land-use gradients remains largely unknown. Using independent samplings for plants, pollinators, and their interactions in Mediterranean communities along a gradient of landscape heterogeneity, we assessed the relationships between within-year stability and its drivers; and between the drivers of stability, landscape heterogeneity, and species diversity. Besides, we evaluated the relationships between the drivers of interaction stability and the structure of mutualistic networks (modularity, nestedness, connectance). Stability increased with larger portfolio effects and asynchronies. Interaction stability was positively related to pollinator stability, but not to plant stability. Landscape evenness increased the stability of plants, pollinators, and their interactions, through increased portfolio effects. However, for plants and pollinators, the landscape effect was detected at a smaller scale (1-km) than for interactions (2-km); and for pollinators and interactions, the effect was only evident from medium-to-high levels of landscape evenness. Temporal synchrony of species/pairwise interactions was an important driver of stability, tightly linked to species/interaction diversity. More asynchronous communities showed a larger portfolio effect and were also those with higher species evenness for all plants, pollinators, and their interactions; while synchrony was also weakly positively related to species richness for plants. Interestingly, more modular network structures conferred enhanced overall community stability, through higher portfolio effect and asynchrony. Preserving diverse communities within the heterogeneous Mediterranean landscapes helps maintain the stability of pollination services, both through increased asynchrony and portfolio effect.</p>
Processed Data, Code, & Supplementary Material for de la Torre Cerro et al. (2024) Modelling asynchrony in phenology using a dynamic representation of meteorological variables
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Files used in the analyses from A role of asynchrony of seasons in explaining genetic differentiation in a Neotropical toad
<p>The process of diversification can be studied at the phylogeographic level by attempting to identify the environmental features that promote and maintain population divergence. Here we investigate diversification in <i>Rhinella granulosa</i>, a Neotropical toad from northeastern Brazil, by testing a range of hypotheses that encompass different putative mechanisms reducing gene flow among populations. We sequenced single nucleotide polymorphisms and examined individual predictions related to the role of geographic barriers (rivers), ecological gradients, historical habitat stability, and spatial variation in climate seasonality, also known as the asynchrony of seasons hypothesis. This hypothesis postulates that temporal asynchrony of wet and dry seasons over short distances causes parapatric populations to become isolated by time. After determining genetic structure, inferring past distributions, ranking demographic models, and estimating the power of monthly climatic variables, our results identified two populations that are not associated with geographic barriers, biome gradients, or historical refugia. Instead, they are predicted by spatial variation in monthly rainfall and minimum temperature, consistent with the asynchrony of seasons hypothesis, supported also by our comparative framework using multiple matrix regression and linear mixed effects modeling. Due to the toad's life history, climate likely mediates gene flow directly, with genetic differentiation being provoked by neutral mechanisms related to climate driven population isolation, and/or by natural selection against migrants from populations with different breeding times. The asynchrony of seasons hypothesis is seldom considered in phylogeographic studies, but our results indicate that it should be tested in systems where breeding is tightly coupled with climate. </p>
Drivers of amphibian population dynamics and asynchrony at local and regional scales
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Data from: Phenological asynchrony in plant–butterfly interactions associated with climate: a community-wide perspective
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Data from: Eggshell spotting pattern is related to hatching asynchrony, hematocrit value and growth of nestling great tits (Parus major)
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Species asynchrony stabilises productivity under extreme drought across Northern China grasslands
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Data from: Plant phenological asynchrony and community structure of gall-inducing insects associated with a tropical tree species
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Data from: Breeding timed to maximize reproductive success for a migratory songbird: the importance of phenological asynchrony
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Data from: The role of partial incubation and egg repositioning within the clutch in hatching asynchrony and subsequent effects on breeding success
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Data from: Nitrogen addition does not reduce the role of spatial asynchrony in stabilizing grassland communities
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Portfolio effect and asynchrony as drivers of stability in plant-pollinator communities along a gradient of landscape heterogeneity
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Files used in the analyses from A role of asynchrony of seasons in explaining genetic differentiation in a Neotropical toad
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Data from: Hatching asynchrony aggravates inbreeding depression in a songbird (Serinus canaria): an inbreeding-environment interaction
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Synchrony and asynchrony between an epigenetic clock and developmental timing
GEO Series GSE124569. Homo sapiens. 81 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing; Methylation profiling by genome tiling array.
Synchrony and asynchrony between an epigenetic clock and developmental timing [RNA-Seq]
GEO Series GSE124252. Homo sapiens. 15 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Data from: Environmental changes drive the temporal stability of semi-arid natural grasslands through altering species asynchrony
Stability is an important property of ecological systems, many of which are experiencing increasing levels of anthropogenic environmental changes. However, how these environmental changes influence ecosystem stability remains poorly understood. We conducted an 8-year field experiment in a semi-arid natural grassland to explore the effects of two common environmental changes, precipitation and nitrogen enrichment, on the temporal stability of plant above-ground biomass. A split-plot design, with precipitation as the main plot factor and nitrogen as the sub-plot factor, was used. Temporal stability was related to potential explanatory abiotic and biotic variables using regressions and structural equation modelling. Increase in growing season precipitation enhanced plant species richness and promoted temporal stability of plant above-ground biomass. Nitrogen fertilization, however, reduced both plant species richness and temporal stability of plant above-ground biomass. Contrary to expectations, species richness was not an important driver of stability. Instead, community temporal stability was mainly driven by water and nitrogen availability that modulated the degree of species asynchrony, and, to a lesser extent, by the stability of dominant plant species. Synthesis. Our results highlight the importance of limiting resources for regulating community biomass stability, and suggest that the projected increase in growing season precipitation may potentially offset negative effects of increased atmospheric nitrogen deposition on species diversity and community stability in semi-arid grasslands.
Plant litter influences the temporal stability of plant community biomass in an alpine meadow by altering the stability and asynchrony of plant functional groups
<p>The stability of a plant community is defined as its ability to resist and be resilient to changes. Plant community stability can be driven by a range of external perturbations as well as by plant community traits. Plant litter traits (species or mass) are widely recognized drivers for plant community composition and diversity changes in grasslands. Yet, the effects of litter traits on the temporal stability of plant communities in natural grasslands are largely unknown. </p> <p>In this study, a field experiment was conducted at an alpine meadow on the Qinghai Tibetan Plateau to quantify the effects of litter from <i>Elymus nutans</i>, <i>Kobresia setchwanensis</i> and <i>Ligularia virgaurea</i> on the temporal stability of plant community biomass at five different mass levels (0, 100, 200, 400 and 600 g m<sup>−2</sup>). The experiment was conducted over the period from the pre-growth to peak–growth stage between 2017 and 2019, during which temporal stability of plant community biomass was assessed in relation to plant community characteristics.</p> <p>The effects of litter on temporal stability of plant community biomass were mainly driven by the litter mass rather than the litter species. A hump-shaped relationship between litter mass and temporal stability of plant community biomass was found, with the highest stability under intermediate litter mass treatment (200 g m<sup>−2</sup>). A structural equation model identified this response was driven by the indirect effects of litter mass on the temporal stability of the biomass of the dominant (forbs) and subdominant (grasses) functional groups in the community and the asynchrony of plant functional groups.</p> <p>The results of this study demonstrate that plant litter traits are important drivers for maintaining plant community stability in natural grasslands, highlighting the importance of grassland management decisions (e.g., grazing intensity) relating to the quantity and quality of litter accumulation. </p>
KAP Asynchrony Survey
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03439683. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Clinical Impact of Patient-ventilator Asynchrony
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05796297. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
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