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349 results for “buffer”
Evaluation of Slowfade Diamond as a Buffer for STORM Microscopy: raw data
<p>raw microscope data associated with the article "Evaluation of Slowfade Diamond as a Buffer for STORM Microscopy"</p> <p>See article for details about the imaging conditions.</p> <p> </p>
Connectivity among thermal habitats buffers the effects of warm climate on life-history traits and population dynamics
<p>1. Contemporary climate change affects population dynamics, but its influence varies with landscape structure. It is still unclear whether landscape fragmentation buffers or enhances the effects of climate on population size and on the age and body size of individuals composing these populations.</p> <p>2. This study aims to investigate the impacts of warm climates on lizard life-history traits and population dynamics in habitats varying in their connectivity.</p> <p>3. We monitored common lizard (<em>Zootoca vivipara</em>) populations for three years in an experimental system in which both climatic conditions and connectivity among habitats were simultaneously manipulated. We considered two climatic treatments (i.e., present-day climate and warm climate (+1.4°C than present-day climate)) and two connectivity treatments (i.e., a connected treatment in which individuals could move from one climate to the other and an isolated treatment in which movement between climates was not possible). We monitored survival, reproduction, growth, dispersal, age and body size of each individual in the system as well as population density through time.</p> <p>4. We found that the influence of warm climates on the life-history traits and population dynamics depended on the connectivity among thermal habitats. Populations in warm climates were i) composed of younger individuals only when isolated; ii) larger in population size only in connected habitats; and iii) composed of larger age-specific individuals independently of the landscape configuration. The connectivity among habitats altered population responses to climate warming likely through asymmetries in the flow and phenotype of dispersers between thermal habitats.</p> <p>5. Our results demonstrate that landscape fragmentation can drastically change the dynamics and persistence of populations facing climate change.</p>
Landscape simplification leads to loss of plant-pollinator interaction diversity and flower visitation frequency despite buffering by abundant generalist pollinators
<p>Global change, especially landscape simplification, is a main driver of species loss that can alter ecological interaction networks, with potentially severe consequences to ecosystem functions. Therefore, understanding how landscape simplification affects the rate of loss of plant-pollinator interaction diversity (i.e., number of unique interactions) compared to species diversity alone, and the role of persisting abundant pollinators, is key to assess the consequences of landscape simplification on network stability and pollination services. We analysed 24 landscape-scale plant-pollinator networks from standardised transect walks along landscape simplification gradients in three countries. We compared the rates of species and interaction diversity loss along the landscape simplification gradient and then stepwise excluded the top 1-20% most abundant pollinators from the data set to evaluate their effect on interaction diversity, network robustness to secondary loss of species, and flower visitation frequencies in simplified landscapes. Interaction diversity was not more vulnerable than species diversity to landscape simplification, with pollinator and interaction diversity showing similar rates of erosion with landscape simplification. We found that 20% of both species and interactions are lost with an increase of arable crop cover from 30 to 80% in a landscape. The decrease in interaction diversity was partially buffered by persistent abundant generalist pollinators in simplified landscapes, which were nested subsets of pollinator communities in complex landscapes, while plants showed a high turnover in interactions across landscapes. The top 5% most abundant pollinator species also contributed to network robustness against secondary species loss, but could not prevent flowers from a loss of visits in simplified landscapes. Although persistent abundant pollinators buffered the decrease in interaction diversity in simplified landscapes and stabilised network robustness, flower visitation frequency was reduced, emphasising potentially severe consequences of further ongoing land-use change for pollination services.</p>
Ants may buffer the Janzen–Connell effect in a tropical forest in Southwest China
<p>These files contain the datasets and R codes used in the data analyses in the paper " Ants may buffer the Janzen–Connell effect in a tropical forest in Southwest China" that will be published in Ecology</p>
FIGURE 4 in Southern Africa's Great Escarpment as an amphitheater of climate-driven diversification and a buffer against future climate change in bats
FIGURE 4 (Continued)
FIGURE 2 in Southern Africa's Great Escarpment as an amphitheater of climate-driven diversification and a buffer against future climate change in bats
FIGURE 2 (Continued)
High buffering potential of winter wheat composite cross populations to rapidly changing environmental conditions
<p><span>A winter wheat composite cross population (CCP), created in the UK in 2001, has been grown in Germany, Hungary and the UK since 2005 (F<sub>5</sub> generation). In 2008/9 (F<sub>8</sub>), a cycling pattern for the populations was developed between partners to test the effects of rapidly changing environments on agronomic performance. One CCP was grown by eight partners for one year and subsequently sent to the next partner, creating "cycling CCPs" with different histories. In 2013, all eight cycling CCPs and the three non-cycling CCPs (from Germany, Hungary and UK) were included in a two-year experiment in Germany with three line varieties to compare agronomic performance and morphological characteristics. Differing seed weight of the F<sub>13</sub> at sowing affected some agronomic parameters under drought conditions in 2014/15, but not under less stressful conditions in 2013/14. In both experimental years, the CCPs were comparable to the line varieties in terms of agronomic performance, with some CCPs outyielding the varieties under drought conditions of 2015. The results highlight the potential of CCPs to compete with line varieties while the</span> <span>overall similarity of the CCPs based on their origin and cycling history for agronomic traits indicate a high buffering potential under highly variable environmental conditions. </span></p>
Selective Lactic Acid Synthesis via Ethylene Glycol Electrooxidation in Borate Buffer
<p>dataset for the corresponding publication in ChemComm</p>
Dataset for the paper "Haiyi Wang, Xiaoqian Lin, Anthony Kucernak, 'Avoid using Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) as an Electrolyte for Accurate OER Studies', ACS ENERGY LETTERS, 2024, doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.4c01589
<div>The data in this spreadsheet was used to produce the figures in the paper</div> <div>Authors: Haiyi Wang, Xiaoqian Lin, Anthony Kucernak</div> <div>Title: Avoid using Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) as an Electrolyte for Accurate OER Studies</div> <div>Journal: ACS Energy Letters</div> <div>DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.4c01589</div> <div>Please cite the above reference if you wish to use this data</div> <div> </div> <div>DOI of data: 10.5281/zenodo.12750914</div> <p> </p>
The process of HDAC11 Assay Development: buffer screening
<p>A buffer screen at various pH was performed to pick the buffer that gives the best activity for HDAC11. </p> <p>Note: 1. In the assay buffer, BSA conc. is 0.5 mg/ml (instead of 0.5%).</p> <p> 2. In the 7.5 ul developer solution, 40 uM of TSA (Trichostatin A) is also included.</p>
The process of HDAC11 Assay Development: Buffer optimization again
<p>The pH range used earlier was expanded for further optimization to check if the activity could improve.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Note: </strong>1. In the assay buffer, BSA conc. is 0.5 mg/ml (instead of 0.5%).</p> <p> 2. In the 7.5 ul developer solution, 40 uM of TSA (Trichostatin A) is also included.</p>
Data collection that describes the calibration of the temporal and displacement characteristics of an optical tweezers in buffered saline at room temperature.
<p><strong>Introduction</strong>. This data provides the calibration of an optical tweezers within the linear Hookian region. Once the laser was aligned, the power at the objective measured and a bead trapped the instrument was calibrated. <strong>Data Collection</strong>. Calibration was performed by moving a trapped bead by supplying a periodic square wave train input (amplitude: −800 to +800 nm, period: 80 ms) to an acousto-optical device, AOD and monitoring the trajectory of the bead in the 𝑋𝑌 plane with a quadrant photo diode, QPD for ~ one minute. Data was collected at 200 kHz from three (3) QPD channels: displacement in the 𝑋 (∆𝑋<sub>𝑀</sub>) (i) and 𝑌 directions (∆𝑌<sub>𝑀</sub>) (ii) and the sum of the fluorescent intensity (∑<sub>𝐿</sub>) (iii). Typically, each bead was stimulated with a train of square waves of constant amplitude in the 𝑋 direction. This stimulation was performed four (4) times at each of the different amplitudes i.e., −800, +800, −500, and +500 nm. The QPD signal in the dark, ∆𝑋<sub>𝐷</sub>, ∆𝑌<sub>𝐷</sub>, ∑<sub>𝐷</sub> was recorded and subtracted in real time, and the gain, 𝐺 of the QPD noted. The Stokes-Faxen coefficient, 𝛽 was calculated having recorded the height of the bead above the Petri dish, ℎ and the viscosity, 𝜂 of the saline solution. The detected fluorescent bead was excited either with a Xenon lamp or TLED transmitted light source. Some calibrations were performed with a TLED light that was borrowed from the manufacturer for testing, and the signal to noise of these measurements was significantly decreased.<strong> Data Transformation</strong>. For each of the two (2) channels the measured signal was normalized by the sum, and the ~750 waves were averaged for each pulse train stimulus. The reciprocal of the time constant (s<sup>-1</sup>) was determined from the exponential rise or decay of the back-ground subtracted averaged response. Spring constant (pN/nm) was determined from the product of this reciprocal time constant and the Stokes-Faxen coefficient (pNs/nm). The net displacement of the bead (nm) was calculated by determining the resultant vector of the 𝑋 and 𝑌 components of the QPD (V/V). For the four (4) stimuli determined for each bead the normalized displacement (V/V) was plotted as a function of net bead displacement and the slope (V/V/nm) calculated from best linear fit. For each calibration the mean spring constant, reciprocal time constant, and mean slope are provided. <strong>Data Format</strong>. The data was saved in LabView with the proprietary TDMS format (National Instruments, NI, Austin, TX). It was transformed to a text file and imported into MATLAB (The Mathworks, Natick, MA) and stored as struct and analyzed with a Python script. The collection contains raw and transformed results from 69 days for a total 153 beads. The data is provided with annotated descriptions in HDF5, a standard non-proprietary container storage format. Each file is about 1.1 GBs (HDF5).</p> <p> </p> <p>The package contains:</p> <p>1. Standard Container HDF5 with custom organization format of data with annotations.</p> <p>2. Python Script (calibrateopticaltweezers.py file) that describes how data is analyzed and written to HDF5 and .MAT formats. (1 file)<br> </p>
Buffer screen by DSF of C-HEAT and N-HEAT domains
<p>Raw data and summary of results of DSF data recorded for C-HEAT_2088-3144 (TOC019 C01), and constructs of the N-HEAT domain: N-HEAT_76-404 (TOC019 B02), <a href="https://zenodo.org/record/3462496#.XY4U1mYpA2x">N-HEAT_81-1643 (TOC019 B08)</a>, N-HEAT_76-1715 (TOC019 A08).</p>
Chromocenter image processing and data for "Volume buffering in multi-component phase separation"
<p>Contains image processing code and a csv of the image processing results for the images of chromocenters in mammalian cells for the paper "Volume buffering in multi-component phase separation".</p>
Analysis of Determining the Location of Public Electric Battery Exchange Stations (SPBKLU) using The Buffer Method in The Geographical Information System (GIS) in The Central Jakarta Region (Case Study of PT. XYZ)
<p>Figure 1. The Existing Station Map in the Central Jakarta Area</p> <p><strong><span>Figure 2.</span></strong><span> The Suitability of Battery Replacement Station Location and Closeness to Alfamart Supermarket </span></p> <p><strong><span>Figure 3.</span></strong><span> The Suitability of Battery Replacement Station Location and Closeness to District Office </span></p> <p><strong><span>Figure 4.</span></strong><span> The Suitability of Battery Replacement Station Location in the Central Jakarta Area</span></p> <p><span>Data (The Variable Weight & The Variable Criteria)</span></p>
Data from: Old-growth forests buffer climate-sensitive bird populations from warming
Aim: Habitat loss and climate change constitute two of the greatest threats to biodiversity worldwide, and theory predicts that these factors may act synergistically to affect population trajectories. Recent evidence indicates that structurally complex old-growth forest can be cooler than other forest types during spring and summer months, thereby offering potential to buffer populations from negative effects of warming. Old growth may also have higher food and nest-site availability for certain species, which could have disproportionate fitness benefits as species approach their thermal limits. Location: Pacific Northwestern United States. Methods: We predicted that negative effects of climate change on 30-year population trends of old-growth-associated birds should be dampened in landscapes with high proportions of old-growth forest. We modelled population trends from Breeding Bird Survey data for 13 species as a function of temperature change and proportion old-growth forest. Results: We found a significant negative effect of summer warming on only two species. However, in both of these species, this relationship between warming and population decline was not only reduced but reversed, in old-growth-dominated landscapes. Across all 13 species, evidence for a buffering effect of old-growth forest increased with the degree to which species were negatively influenced by summer warming. Main conclusions: These findings suggest that old-growth forests may buffer the negative effects of climate change for those species that are most sensitive to temperature increases. Our study highlights a mechanism whereby management strategies to curb degradation and loss of old-growth forests—in addition to protecting habitat—could enhance biodiversity persistence in the face of climate warming.
Data from: Amelioration of ocean acidification and warming effects through physiological buffering of a macroalgae
<p>Concurrent anthropogenic global climate change and ocean acidification is expected to have a negative impact on calcifying marine organisms. While knowledge of biological responses of organisms to oceanic stress has emerged from single species experiments, these do not capture ecologically relevant scenarios where the potential for multi-organism physiological interactions is assessed. Marine algae provide an interesting case study, as their photosynthetic activity elevates pH in the surrounding microenvironment, potentially buffering more acidic conditions for associated epiphytes. We present findings that indicate increased tolerance of an important epiphytic foraminifera, <em>Marginopora vertebralis</em>, to the effects of increased temperature (±3 °C) and pCO<sub>2</sub> (~1000 µatm) when associated with its common algal host, <em>Laurencia intricata</em>. Specimens of <em>M. vertebralis </em>were incubated for 15 days in flow-through aquaria simulating current and end-of-century temperature and pH conditions. Physiological measures of growth (change in wet weight), calcification (measured change in total alkalinity in closed bottles), photochemical efficiency (<em>Fv/Fm</em>), total chlorophyll, photosynthesis (oxygen flux), and respiration, were determined. When incubated in isolation, <em>M. vertebralis </em>exhibited reduced growth in end-of-century projections of ocean acidification conditions, while calcification rates were lowest in the high-temperature, low-pH treatment. Interestingly, association with<em> L. intricata</em> ameliorated these stress effects with the growth and calcification rates of<em> M. vertebralis </em>being similar to those observed in ambient conditions. Total chlorophyll levels in <em>M. vertebralis</em> decreased when in association with <em>L. intricata</em>, while maximum photochemical efficiency increased in ambient conditions. Net production estimates remained similar between <em>M. vertebralis </em>in isolation and in association with <em>L. intricata</em>, although both production and respiration rates of<em> M. vertebralis</em> were significantly higher when associated with <em>L. intricata</em>. These results indicate that the association with <em>L. intricata</em> increases the resilience of <em>M. vertebralis</em> to stress, providing one of the first examples of physiological buffering by a marine alga that can ameliorate the negative effects of changing ocean conditions.</p>
Study on corrosion behavior and corrosion scale characteristics of P110S steel in CO2-H2S saturated high-salt aqueous with pH buffer
<p>The corrosion behavior of P110S steel in CO<sub>2</sub>-H<sub>2</sub>S saturated high-salt aqueous with pH buffer was investigated using an autoclave. SEM, EDS, XRD, and Pourbaix diagrams were used to analyze the corrosion scale characteristics. P110S steel experienced severe localized corrosion in high-salt aqueous containing saturated with CO<sub>2</sub>-H<sub>2</sub>S despite the addition of pH buffer. The main component of the corrosion scale was mackinawite and FeCO<sub>3</sub>. The corrosion scale with mackinawite as the main component was dense and had a good protective effect. The corrosion was very light in the area covered by this corrosion scale. However, this corrosion scale was poorly bonded to the matrix and is prone to partial cracking and peeling, which was the cause of severe localized corrosion of P110S steel.</p>
Supporting Data - Shallow Fracture Buffers High Elevation Runoff in Northwest Greenland
<p>This dataset contains supporting data accompanying Culberg, Chu, & Schroeder, "Shallow Fracture Buffers High Elevation Runoff in Northwest Greenland", <em>Geophysical Research Letters</em>, 2022. It includes the following:</p> <ul> <li>Ice-penetrating radar-derived mappings of transient firn aquifers and buried refrozen ice complexes (ice blobs) beneath ice slabs in Northwest Greenland.</li> <li>Porosity estimates derived from the inversion of ice-penetrating radar reflectivity for the 20150510_01 Ultrawideband MCoRDS transect flow in Northwest Greenland as part of NASA OIB.</li> <li>An NDWI stack image showing the maximum NDWI on a per pixel basis from all Landsat images between 2000 and 2016 for the region.</li> <li>Data for a time series of NDWI within the upslope catchment of each aquifer or blob.</li> <li>Locations of moulins, supraglacial lakes, and drained supraglacial lakes from high resolution optical imagery.</li> <li>Linear features extracted from the high resolution optical imagery.</li> <li>Surface crevasse densities and surface water feature densities inferred from the extracted linear features for the northern and southern portions of the ice slab region.</li> <li>Resistive stress and fracture toughness data for each location where fractures are inferred from the high resolution optical imagery.</li> <li>Full resolution image files for WorldView imagery used in the Supporting Information Figure S6.</li> </ul>
Eyes on the future: buffering increased costs of incubation by abandoning offspring
Abstract Life history theory states that the resources invested in current reproduction must be traded off against resources needed for survival and future reproduction. Long-lived organisms have a higher residual reproductive value and are therefore expected to be sensitive to reproductive investments that may reduce survival and future reproduction. Individuals within a population may vary in phenotypic quality, experience, access to resources etc. This may affect their optimal reproductive investment level. In this study we manipulated reproductive costs by shortening and extending the incubation period in common eiders Somateria mollissima without altering clutch size. Females whose incubation time was prolonged experimentally, suffered higher mass loss and increased clutch loss/nest desertion. These females were also more prone to abandon their brood after hatching. Both clutch loss and brood abandonment decreased with clutch size in all treatment categories, indicating higher phenotypic quality and/or better access to resources for females producing more eggs. However, although females with prolonged incubation were lighter at hatching, their return rate and breeding performance in the following year were unaffected. These results show that individual quality as expressed through clutch size and body mass is affecting current reproductive investment level as well as future survival and breeding performance. The results also show that individual birds are sensitive to changes in their own condition, and when reproductive effort is approaching a level where survival or future survival may be compromised, they respond by terminating their current reproductive attempt.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
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The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
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