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141 results for “calving”
Data from: Early-life conditions determine the between-individual heterogeneity in plasticity of calving date in reindeer
1. Phenotypic plasticity has become a key-concept to enhance our ability to understand the adaptive potential of species to track the pace of climate change by allowing a relatively rapid adjustment of life history traits. 2. Recently, population-level trends of an earlier timing of reproduction to climate change have been highlighted in many taxa but only few studies have explicitly taken into consideration between-individual heterogeneity in phenotypic plasticity. 3. Using a long-term data of a semi-domesticated reindeer (<i>Rangifer tarandus</i>) population, we demonstrated that females differed greatly in their mean calving date but only slightly in the magnitude of their plastic response to the amount of precipitation in April. We also showed that despite the absence of a population trend, females individually responded to the amount of precipitation in April by delaying their calving dates. 4. Females' calving date under average climatic conditions was best predicted by their birthdate, their physical condition in March-April-May before their first calving season and by their first calving date. The degree of their phenotypic plasticity was not dependent on any of the females' attributes early in life tested in this study. However, females who delayed their calving dates in response to a higher amount of precipitation in April slightly produced less calves over their reproductive life. 5. These findings confirmed that early life conditions of female reindeer can shape their phenotypic value during reproductive life, supporting the importance of maternal effects in shaping individuals' lifetime reproductive success. Whether females differed in the magnitude of their plastic response to climatic changes has received contrasted responses for various ungulate species. This calls for more research to enhance our understanding of the underlying mechanisms leading to the complexity of plastic responses among populations to cope with current climate change.
Data from: Joint estimation of survival and breeding probability in female dolphins and calves with uncertainty in state assignment
While the population growth rate in long-lived species is highly sensitive to adult survival, reproduction can also significantly drive population dynamics. Reproductive parameters can be challenging to estimate as breeders and non-breeders may vary in resighting probability and reproductive status may be difficult to assess. We extended capture–recapture (CR) models previously fitted for data on other long-lived marine mammals to estimate demographic parameters while accounting for detection heterogeneity between individuals and state uncertainty regarding reproductive status. We applied this model to data on 106 adult female bottlenose dolphins observed over 13 years. The detection probability differed depending on breeding status. Concerning state uncertainty, offspring were not always sighted with their mother, and older calves were easier to detect than young-of-the-year (YOY), respectively 0.79 (95% CI 0.59–0.90) and 0.58 (95% CI 0.46–0.68). This possibly led to inaccurate reproductive status assignment of females. Adult female survival probability was high (0.97 CI 95% 0.96–0.98) and did not differ according to breeding status. Young-of-the-year and 1-year-old calves had a significantly higher survival rate than 2-year-old (respectively 0.66 CI 95% 0.50-0.78 and 0.45 CI 95% 0.29–0.61). This reduced survival is probably related to weaning, a period during which young are exposed to more risks since they lose protection and feeding from the mother. The probability of having a new YOY was high for breeding females that had raised a calf to the age of 3 or lost a 2-year-old calf (0.71, CI 95% 0.45– 0.88). Yet this probability was much lower for non-breeding females and breeding females that had lost a YOY or a 1-year-old calf (0.33, 95% CI 0.26–0.42). The multievent CR framework we used is highly flexible and could be easily modified for other study questions or taxa (marine or terrestrial) aimed at modelling reproductive parameters.
Behavioural responses of dairy cows and calves to fenceline weaning after 4 or 6 months of full cow-calf contact
<p>Only the README file is available on zenodo; to access the full dataset and associated R scripts used for analysis, please visit the GitHub repository that is linked below.</p> <p>When using the dataset at the associated GitHub repository, please include the following citation: Wegner, C. S., Rönnegård, L., Agenäs, S. & Eriksson, H. K. (2025). Behavioural responses of dairy cows and calves to fenceline weaning after 4 or 6 months of full cow-calf contact<em>.</em> a<em>nimal</em>. 19(6), 101525. <a title="Persistent link using digital object identifier" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.animal.2025.101525" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><span><span>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.animal.2025.101525</span></span></a></p>
Additional Visualizations for Glacier Calving Front Delineation on Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery
<p>Additional visualizations showing the time series of each glacier included in the <a href="https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.940950" target="_blank" rel="noopener">CaFFe</a> dataset and comparing predictions from different deep learning models and human annotations for glacier calving front delineation on Synthetic Aperture Radar imagery.</p>
Personality and predictability in farmed calves using movement and space-use behaviours quantified by Ultra-wideband sensors
<p>Individuals within a population often show consistent between individual differences in their average behavioral expression (personality), and consistent differences in their within-individual variability of behavior around the mean (predictability). Where correlations between different personality traits and/or the predictability of traits exist, these represent behavioral or predictability syndromes. In wild populations, behavioral syndromes have consequences for individual's survival and reproduction and affect the structure and functioning of groups and populations. The consequences of behavioral syndromes for farm animals is less well explored, partly due to the challenges in quantifying behavior of many individuals across time and context in a farm setting. Here, we use Ultra-Wideband location sensors to provide precise measures of movement and space use for 60 calves over 40-48 days. We find that individuals show consistent within and between individual variation in movement and space use and show correlations in personality and predictability, indicating the existence of "exploratory" and "active" personality types in farmed calves. We consider the consequences of such individual variability for cattle behavior and welfare and how such data may be used to inform management decision in farm animals.</p>
Dataset for: Evaluation of low-cost Raspberry Pi sensors for photogrammetry of glacier calving fronts
<p>Points clouds of Fjallsjökull calving front, as derived by a Raspberry Pi and a Unoccupied Aerial Vehicle. For each sensor, eight sub-sections are analysed. Point clouds are provided in .las format. Each sub-section is generated within its own spatial reference (matching that of the other sensor to allow for comparison). </p>
Graph neural network emulator for modeling of ice dynamics and calving in the Pine Island Glacier, Antarctica
<p>These files include the following codes and datasets for developing graph neural network (GNN) emulators for the Ice-sheet and Sea-level System Model (ISSM) for modeling ice sheet dynamics and calving in the Pine Island Glacier, Antarctica</p> <ul> <li>ISSM_DGL_PIG2.py: Python file for training GNN models (*single.py: code for single GPU environment)</li> <li>ISSM_CNN_PIG.py: Python file for training convolutional neural network (CNN) models</li> <li>*.mat: Datasets of the ISSM transient simulation results (graphs for GNNs)</li> <li>*.pkl: Datasets of the ISSM transient simulation results (grids for CNNs)</li> </ul>
Data from: Intrinsic traits of woodland caribou Rangifer tarandus caribou calves depredated by black bears Ursus americanus and coyotes Canis latrans
Individuals in substandard physical condition are predicted to be more vulnerable to predation. Support for this prediction is inconsistent partly as a result of differences across systems in the life histories of predator and prey species. Our objective was to examine the physical condition of woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) calves depredated by two predators with different life histories in Newfoundland, Canada. Black bears (Ursus americanus) are capable of chasing calves at high speeds over short distances and primarily prey on calves <1 month of age. Coyotes (Canis latrans) are cursorial predators that pursue prey over longer distances, which is expected to result in the selection of substandard individuals. We hypothesized that (i) black bears will kill calves in substandard physical condition, while (ii) coyotes will kill calves from across the distribution of individual conditions. We used mitochondrial DNA species identification tests to assign predator species to calf mortalities. We then used molecular identifications and field observations to build a predictive model using generalized boosted trees to predict the predator species where a molecular identification was unavailable. We tested our hypotheses using Cox proportional hazards models under a competing risks framework. Bears killed younger calves and lighter calves, while coyotes killed heavier calves. Coyotes also killed more late-born calves, which might suggest prey switching as calves become more abundant later in the season. Our findings suggest that the physical constraints of predators play a greater role than predator hunting strategies in this system, but other processes are likely influential. The tendency for coyotes to kill heavier calves might result from sustained coyote predation over time, following the removal by black bears of lighter calves during their first month of age. This research illuminates the complexity of predator-prey interactions in Newfoundland and highlights an important source of variability for predator-prey systems.
Humpback whale adult females and calves balance acoustic contact with vocal crypsis during periods of increased separation
<ol> <li>Acoustic communication is important for animals with dependent young, particularly when they are spatially separated. Maternal humpback whales (<i>Megaptera novaeangliae</i>) use acoustic calling to help minimise the risk of separation from their young calves during migration.</li> <li>These pairs also use acoustic crypsis to minimise detection by males. How they balance a restricted active space with the need to maintain acoustic contact during periods of separation is not yet understood.</li> <li>Here, we analysed movement metrics of tagged adult female-calf pairs during migration to identify two behavioural states, 'resting/milling' and 'travelling'. When travelling, these pairs dived synchronously and exhibited little to no spatial separation. Alternatively, adult females had significantly longer dive durations (p < 0.01) when resting, and while they spent prolonged times at depth, calves would surface several times independently. This demonstrated that these pairs are frequently separated during periods of rest.</li> <li>We then determined if the call rates and acoustic levels of these pairs increased with more frequent separation, finding that both adult females and calves significantly increased their call rates, but not levels, when resting.</li> <li>We also found that adult female-calf pairs have a restricted active space, with less than 15% of calls estimated to be detectable beyond 2 km. However, as with call level, detection distance did not differ significantly between the two behavioural states.</li> <li>In summary, adult female-calf pairs maintain successful communication during periods of separation by calling more frequently rather than by producing louder calls. This strategy aids in maintaining acoustic contact while simultaneously limiting detectability by conspecifics.</li> </ol>
Data from: Validation of 1-0 and instantaneous sampling for quantifying oral behaviors in milk-fed dairy calves
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Data from: Naïve domestic Bos Taurus calves recognize the scent of a canine predator
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Data from: Behavioral changes in calves 11 days after cautery disbudding: effect of local anesthesia
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Injury alters motivational trade-offs in calves during the healing period
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Personality and predictability in farmed calves using movement and space-use behaviours quantified by Ultra-wideband sensors
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Data from: Joint estimation of survival and breeding probability in female dolphins and calves with uncertainty in state assignment
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Data from: Early-life conditions determine the between-individual heterogeneity in plasticity of calving date in reindeer
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Humpback whale adult females and calves balance acoustic contact with vocal crypsis during periods of increased separation
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Data from: Intrinsic traits of woodland caribou Rangifer tarandus caribou calves depredated by black bears Ursus americanus and coyotes Canis latrans
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Data from: Forgotten Mediterranean calving grounds of gray and North Atlantic right whales: evidence from Roman archaeological records
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Impact of calving dynamics on Kangilernata Sermia, Greenland
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.