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107 results for “carbon sequestration”
Observation‐based global soil heterotrophic respiration indicates underestimated turnover and sequestration of soil carbon by terrestrial ecosystem models
<p><span>Soil heterotrophic respiration (R<sub>h</sub>) refers to the flux of CO2 released from soil to atmosphere as a result of organic matter decomposition by soil microbes and fauna. As one of the major fluxes in the global carbon cycle, the estimation of global R<sub>h</sub> still exists large uncertainties, which further limited our current understanding of the carbon accumulation in soils. Here, we applied a Random Forest algorithm to create a global dataset of soil R<sub>h</sub>, by linking 761 field observations with both abiotic and biotic predictors. We estimated that the global R<sub>h</sub> was 48.8 ± 0.9 Pg C yr<sup>-1</sup> for 1982–2018, which was 16% less than the ensemble mean (58.6 ± 9.9 Pg C yr<sup>-1</sup>) of 16 terrestrial ecosystem models. By integrating our observational R<sub>h</sub> with independent soil carbon stock datasets, we obtained a global mean soil carbon turnover time of 38.3 ± 11 yr. Using observation-based turnover times as a constraint, we found that terrestrial ecosystem models simulated faster carbon turnovers, leading to a 30% (74 Pg C) underestimation of terrestrial ecosystem carbon accumulation for the past century, which was especially pronounced at high latitudes. This underestimation is equivalent to 45% of the total carbon emissions (164 Pg C) caused by global land use change at the same time. Our analyses highlight the need to constrain ecosystem models using observation-based and locally adapted R<sub>h</sub> values to obtain reliable predictions of the carbon sink capacity of terrestrial ecosystems. </span></p>
Assessment of carbon stocks and sequestration potential of urban bio- park under arid climatic conditions
<p>Assessment of carbon stocks and sequestration potential of urban bio- <br>park under arid climatic conditions </p>
Manganese limitations and the enhanced soil carbon sequestration of temperate rainforests
<p>Manganese (Mn) has been identified as a regulatory bottleneck in the accumulation of humus because of its role as an enzymatic co-factor in the breakdown of recalcitrant C by Mn-peroxidase (MnP). We tested this abiotic limit on decay via contrasting soils along a podzolization gradient of coastal British Columbia, where an inverse exponential relationship between soil organic carbon (SOC) and exchangeable Mn had been observed. Moderately weathered soils (Brunisols) had an average 3.6-fold increase in MnP activity within the upper soil profile in comparison to highly weathered Podzols. An ordination of the Agaricomycete fungal community, which are responsible for MnP production in soils, confirmed significant differences in assemblages across soil types for saprotrophic fungi, particularly species within the Agaricales, Trechisporales and Auriculariales. Ectomycorrhizal fungi of <i>Pseudotsuga</i> <i>menziesii</i> were equally aligned with soil type and select taxa more abundant on Brunisols may have supplemented MnP activity. A laboratory incubation with an Mn amendment produced significant interactions in MnP activity by soil type. Surprisingly, MnP activity of both Brunisol substrates declined substantially with an amendment (-56% and -40% for forest floor and mineral soil, respectively), in contrast to Podzols (-30% and +26%, respectively). This inhibitory response was linked to considerable uptake of the amendment, and underscores how Mn<sup>2+</sup> operates directly on fungi as a regulator of <i>mnp</i> transcription for MnP production. Our study highlights a new perspective concerning the abiotic drivers underpinning the large, expansive soil C stocks across perhumid temperate rainforests of the Pacific Northwest.</p>
Methane emissions in seagrass meadows as a small offset to carbon sequestration
<p>Station P: Masterfile includes environmental data and CO2, CH4 and radon concentration at Station P </p> <p>Station S: Masterfile includes the environmental data and CO2, CH4 and radon concentration at Station S </p> <p>Sediment Core: Master file includes the porewater DIC and CH4 concentration</p> <p>Survey: Master file of spatial survey includes GPS location, CH4 concentration </p>
Data for: Exogenous carbon turnover within the soil food web strengthens soil carbon sequestration through microbial necromass accumulation
<p>Exogenous carbon turnover within soil food web is important in determining the trade-offs between soil organic carbon (SOC) storage and carbon emission. However, it remains largely unknown how soil food web influences carbon sequestration through mediating the dual roles of microbes as decomposers and contributors, hindering our ability to develop policies for soil carbon management. Here, we conducted a 13C-labeled straw experiment to demonstrate how soil food web regulated the residing microbes to influence the soil carbon transformation and stabilization process after 11 years no-tillage. Our work demonstrated that soil fauna, as a "temporary storage container", indirectly influenced the SOC transformation processes and mediated the SOC sequestration through feeding on soil microbes. Soil biota communities acted as both drivers of and contributors to SOC cycling, with 32.0% of exogenous carbon being stabilizing in the form of microbial necromass as "new" carbon. Additionally, the proportion of mineral-associated organic carbon and particulate organic carbon showed that the "renewal effect" driven by the soil food web promoted the SOC to be more stable. Our study clearly illustrated that soil food web regulated the turnover of exogenous carbon inputs and mediated soil carbon sequestration through microbial necromass accumulation.</p>
Phytolith-occluded carbon sequestration potential in three major steppe types along a precipitation gradient in Northern China
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Data from: Indirect human impacts reverse centuries of carbon sequestration and salt marsh accretion
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Data from: Coastal landforms and accumulation of mangrove peat increase carbon sequestration and storage
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Manganese limitations and the enhanced soil carbon sequestration of temperate rainforests
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Data from: Differential impacts of nitrogen addition on rhizosphere and bulk-soil carbon sequestration in an alpine shrubland
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Data from: Do microorganism stoichiometric alterations affect carbon sequestration in paddy soil subjected to phosphorus input?
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Functional traits and size interact to influence growth and carbon sequestration among trees in urban greenspaces
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Observation‐based global soil heterotrophic respiration indicates underestimated turnover and sequestration of soil carbon by terrestrial ecosystem models
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Data from: Experimental herbivore exclusion, shrub introduction, and carbon sequestration in alpine plant communities
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Data for: Exogenous carbon turnover within the soil food web strengthens soil carbon sequestration through microbial necromass accumulation
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Data from: Drivers of landscape evolution: multiple regimes and their influence on carbon sequestration in a sub-tropical peatland
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Data from: Geochemical analyses reveal the importance of environmental history for blue carbon sequestration
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Heavy metal contamination and blue carbon sequestration in mangrove ecosystems of Puerto Rico
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Data from: Foliar fungal pathogen inhibition increases ecosystem carbon sequestration independently of nitrogen enrichment in a Tibetan alpine meadow
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Data from: Plant community dynamics and carbon sequestration in Sphagnum-dominated peatlands in the era of global change
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.