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87 results for “coastal wetland”
Figure 2 in Factors influencing anuran distribution in coastal dune wetlands in southern Brazil
Figure 2. Mean anuran abundance of coastal dune wetlands in southern Brazil, from October 2007 to August 2008, considering tadpoles (A) and adults (B): P, permanent; TL, long-term temporary; TS, short-term temporary.
Figure 1 in Factors influencing anuran distribution in coastal dune wetlands in southern Brazil
Figure 1. Mean anuran richness of coastal dune wetlands in southern Brazil, from October 2007 to August 2008, considering tadpoles (A) and adults (B): P, permanent; TL, long-term temporary; TS, short-term temporary.
An invasive species erodes the performance of coastal wetland protected areas
<p><span>The world has increasingly relied upon protected areas (PAs) to rescue highly valued ecosystems from human activities, but whether PAs will fare well with bioinvasions remains unknown. By analyzing three decades of seven largest coastal PAs in China, including multiple World Natural Heritage and/or Wetlands of International Importance sites, we show that although PAs are achieving success in rescuing iconic wetlands and critical shorebird habitats from once widespread reclamation, this success is counteracted by escalating plant invasions. Plant invasions were not only more extensive in PAs than non-PA controls, but also undermined PA performance by, without human intervention, irreversibly replacing expansive native wetlands (primarily mudflats), and precluding successional formation of new native marshes. Exotic species are invading PAs globally. This rare study across large spatiotemporal scales highlights that the consequences of bioinvasions for humanity's major conservation tool may be more profound, far-reaching and critical for management than currently recognized. </span></p>
Data and model code for study: Mechanistic modelling of marsh seedling establishment provides a positive outlook for coastal wetland restoration under global climate change
<p>This folder will include data and model code for study: Mechanistic modelling of marsh seedling establishment provides a positive outlook for coastal wetland restoration under global climate change.</p>
Data for: Higher abundance of adult pike in Baltic Sea coastal areas adjacent to restored wetlands compared to reference bays
<p><span>The abundance of pike, a keystone top-predator, has declined dramatically in the Baltic Sea since the 1990s likely owing to recruitment failure. It has been proposed that wetland restoration can aid the recovery of the pike stock by increasing the number of recruits produced by anadromous populations. Yet, no previous studies have addressed whether wetland restorations are associated with higher abundances of adult pike in the coastal habitat. To address this, we performed standardised rod-and-reel survey fishing in paired bays with and without wetlands across three coastal areas and three years. To estimate dispersal and the contribution of wetland pike to the coastal stock, we tagged captured pike with passive integrated responders (PIT) and employed PIT-reader stations in wetland inlets. The results showed that pike abundances were on average 90% higher in bays with an adjacent wetland although the effect varied among areas. Moreover, PIT-data uncovered that wetland pike constituted a high proportion of the pike found in adjacent coastal habitats and that some wetland fish dispersed up to 10 km. These results support that wetland restoration is a valuable tool to aid the coastal pike stock and ultimately restore the function and services of the coastal ecosystem.</span></p>
Nitrous oxide emissions from eroding high-center polygons in an Arctic coastal wetland, 2021.
<p>This data contains nitrous oxide (N<sub>2</sub>O) and carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) fluxes from eroding polygon features located in a coastal wetland near Utqiaġvik, Alaska on the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO). Static chamber fluxes were measured with a Gasmet GT5000 Terra Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) greenhouse gas analyzer (GGA) and a clear, cylindrical polycarbonate chamber (50 cm height and 20cm diameter) in a closed system at a 1Hz sampling rate. The FTIR GGA is capable of measuring concentrations by scanning the full infrared spectrum and calculating the concentrations of each gas in the sample based on its absorption.Chamber collars were made of PVC (15 cm height and 20 cm diameter) and installed 3 days prior to greenhouse gas measurements at a depth of 10 cm. Fluxes were measured at 30 locations – 10 vegetated replicates and 20 unvegetated soil replicates – whenever weather permitted during July 2021 for a total of 263 measurements. Ancillary measurements included soil temperature, bulk density, thaw depth, soil water content, stable isotope ratios, and carbon to nitrogen (C:N) ratios. Soil water content, soil surface temperature, and thaw depth were measured at the time of each chamber measurement at the flux collar throughout the study period (n = 263). Soil water content was measured with a Fieldscout 300 TDR soil moisture meter. Soil surface temperature was measured with an infrared thermometer. Depth of thaw was measured with a small diameter metal rod. Bulk density was measured from soil samples from the top 15 cm of the soil column, collected at each collar location at the end of the study period, for a total of 30 samples. Soil samples were dried for 24 hours at 60 °C in a drying oven and results expressed as weighed per unit volume. </p> <p>Soil samples from the top 15 cm of the soil column were removed at both vegetated and unvegetated areas near where fluxes were measured using a handheld soil sampling corer (7 cm diameter, 15 cm height) at the end of the experiment. Soil samples consisted of four profiles with three depths for a total of 24 samples. Samples were then separated into 5 cm depth segments (to check relationship with depth) using a band saw, placed in a drying oven at 65 C for 48 hours, then homogenized with a vibratory ball mill. The abundance of <sup>15</sup>N, <sup>13</sup>C, and C:N ratios were measured using a continuous flow isotope ratio mass spectrometer (IRMS, Delta V Advantage, Thermo Fisher Scientific). A laboratory standard (USGS41, L-glutamic acid) was used as a reference material for the calibration of stable carbon and nitrogen measurements. Isotope values are reported in standard δ notation (‰) relative to Vienna PeeDee Belemnite (δ <sup>13</sup>C) and air-N2 (δ <sup>15</sup>N). </p> <p>Files in this repository:</p> <p>This dataset consists of four files: (1) 'chamber_fluxes.csv' contains measurements for individual flux data; (2) 'collar_means.csv' contains measurements averaged per collar location and include discrete bulk density measurements; (3) 'soil_content.csv' contains measurements of carbon content, nitrogen content, and isotope content; and (4) 'metadata.csv' contains a description of column headers and units.</p>
Data for: Higher abundance of adult pike in Baltic Sea coastal areas adjacent to restored wetlands compared to reference bays
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Data from: Biogeographic consequences of nutrient enrichment for plant-herbivore interactions in coastal wetlands
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Data from: Habitat mapping of coastal wetlands using expert knowledge and Earth observation data
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Global patterns in leaf stoichiometry across coastal wetlands
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Datasets relating (i) A wetland fish multimetric index to variation in agricultural stress among Laurentian Great Lakes coastal wetlands, (ii) Cyanobacteria biomass to total phosphorus concentrations among Canadian lakes
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Long-term Spartina alterniflora invasion simplified soil seed bank and regenerated community in a coastal marsh wetland
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Foliar water uptake by coastal wetland plants: a novel water acquisition mechanism in arid and humid subtropical mangroves
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An invasive species erodes the performance of coastal wetland protected areas
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Data from: Contrasting effects of nutrient enrichment on below-ground biomass in coastal wetlands
Anthropogenically-enhanced nutrient availability is often cited among the most important drivers of altered ecosystem function and loss of services worldwide. Although the above-ground consequences of nutrient enrichment on plant growth patterns are numerous and well-documented, below-ground impacts are less clear but nonetheless critical from a global change perspective. In coastal wetlands, for example, plant-soil-nutrient dynamics directly affect the capacity to sequester carbon as soil organic matter, keep pace with sea level rise, and resist storm-induced erosion. Here, we investigate the effects of excess nutrient loading on below-ground plant growth in an oligohaline marsh fertilized for seven years with a factorial combination of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). We used two common assessment procedures, the ingrowth and standing crop methods, to simultaneously quantify distinct aspects of below-ground plant growth: 1) below-ground biomass accumulation into unexploited open resource space, and 2) in situ, or maintenance, below-ground biomass of plants in equilibrium with their environment, respectively. Our objective was to determine if plant growth responses to nutrient enrichment differed depending on process and/or biomass component measured. We show that excess N concurrently increased live root biomass accumulation in ingrowth cores and reduced in situ live root standing crop. Similar, albeit non-significant, response trajectories were apparent for other below-ground biomass pools using both methods, excepting dead biomass and total standing crop. A review of previously published research supports our results and suggests that nutrient enrichment consistently has contrasting effects on below-ground plant growth depending on whether biomass accumulation or standing crop is measured, and that living biomass components are most responsive to enhanced nutrient availability. Synthesis. We conclude that eutrophic conditions can be both beneficial and detrimental to ecosystem function by either stimulating below-ground biomass accumulation in unexploited soil or reducing the below-ground standing crop required to sustain the nutritional needs of established plants in mature communities. Thus, nutrient enrichment may, in the short-term, contribute to soil organic matter (i.e., carbon) accumulation by increasing below-ground growth as plants exploit new resource space. Over the long-term, however, nutrient enrichment has the potential to negatively impact soil organic matter content as plants equilibrate to excess nutrient availability by down-regulating below-ground standing crop.
Coastal Wetland Crab Image Dataset and Image Processing Model Weights
<p>This data was collected from the distribution range of mangroves along the coast of China and has been randomly selected and manually corrected to be labeled as a crab image analysis dataset. The weights of deep learning models trained on YOLOv5/v8 and EfficientNet are also uploaded simultaneously. Additionally, it includes the necessary test datasets and some test results. Please cite when using this dataset, and contact the administrator if you need help. The specific directories are as follows:</p> <p>- R-crab: Contains code needed to test model performance, with the subfolder data containing the test dataset required. It includes (1) crab-man as human-marked references, crab-ref as model detection results. (2) luoyuan-burrow for the detection results of crab burrows in the Luoyuan area case study, and luoyuan-crab for crab detection results, including crab classification, localization, and carapace width information. (3) method-test for testing different methods, i.e., whether to use a two-stage detection model. (4) size-conf-test records the model detection results under different image input sizes and confidence threshold levels. (1), (3), and (4) are completed in Out-of-sample data, while (2) is completed in Luoyuan. fig_attr.csv records the test results of image attributes on detection accuracy. label_results.csv records the comparison results between traits measured manually using ImageJ software and our designed model for detecting crab carapace width. luoyuan_list.csv records the numbering information of Luoyuan sampling plots.<br>- Aiweights: Contains model weights trained based on Object detection data, with cpm-model under v8n-seg-crab.pt for YOLOv8 trained to extract crab carapace width. Sfc-model under adam20.pth is a two-stage detection model trained based on EfficientNet. Trained_weights under burrow-baseline is a crab burrow detection model trained based on our improved YOLOv5 (improvements stored at https://github.com/GuuX29/crab-yolo-add, same below); frame-s6-2560.pt is a plot frame detection model for obtaining standard 50*50cm plot images; s-simam-20.pt and x-simam-20.pt are both for crab detection and classification models, with x having higher accuracy.<br>- Luoyuan: crop stores standardized processed Luoyuan image data, numbered as above, test stores detection results, same as R-crab.<br>- Object detection: Contains cropped 640 pixels crab field sampling images, with images in the images folder and bounding box labels in the labels folder, divided into training and testing at a 9:1 ratio, train.txt and val.txt record the allocation information.<br>- Out-of-sample: Records 100 independent test images not used to train the model, stored in images, crab-man, and crab-ref are the same as in R-crab.<br>- Segmentation: Stores image data used to test model detection of crab carapace width, with results also stored in R-crab.</p> <p>We hope this data and method will benefit the progress of research in this field. For any suggestions for improvement and help with usage, please contact the administrator. guuxuan1994@gmail.com </p>
Patterns and drivers of soil organic carbon fractions and persistence in coastal wetlands in China
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Hydrodynamics at Coastal Wetland Edges (HyWEdges)
<p> </p> <p>In this flume experiment, we aimed to quantify the way in which salt marsh and mangrove vegetation edges attenuate incident wave and current energy, modify the nature of the turbulent kinetic energy (TKE), and thus control the sediment transport which determines the rate of progradation or landward retreat. Our results will complement recent work (Maza et al. 2013, Losada et al. 2016, Maza et al. 2013) in order to obtain a better understanding of wave-current flow features at vegetation edges. They will increase our understanding of coastal wetland dynamics, and deliver information that could be used for efforts to increase coastal resilience and therefore protection.</p> <p>References<br>Maza, M., J.L. Lara, and I.J. Losada, A coupled model of submerged vegetation under oscillatory flow using Navier–Stokes equations. Coastal Engineering, 2013. 80: p. 16-34.<br>Losada, I.J., M. Maza, and J.L. Lara, A new formulation for vegetation-induced damping under combined waves and currents. Coastal Engineering, 2016. 107: p. 1-13.<br>Maza, M., J.L. Lara, and I.J. Losada, Solitary wave attenuation by vegetation patches. Advances in Water Resources, 2016. 98: p. 159-172.</p> <p> </p>
Salinity, not genetic incompatibilities, limits the establishment of the invasive hybrid cattail Typha × glauca in coastal wetlands
<p>A single pair of co-existing species that can successfully hybridize may produce many more hybrids in some regions than in others. The reasons for this are not well understood, but could help explain processes such as species diversification or the range expansion of invasive hybrids. The widespread cattails <i>Typha latifolia </i>and <i>T. angustifolia </i>seldom hybridize in some parts of their range, but in other areas produce the dominant hybrid <i>T. </i>× <i>glauca. </i>We used a combination of field and greenhouse experiments to investigate why <i>T. </i>× <i>glauca </i>has invaded wetlands in the Laurentian Great Lakes region of southern Ontario, Canada, but is much less common in the coastal wetlands of NS in eastern Canada. One potentially important environmental difference between these two regions is salinity. We therefore tested three hypotheses: 1) <i>T. latifolia </i>and <i>T. angustifolia </i>in NS are genetically incompatible; 2) the germination or growth of <i>T. </i>× <i>glauca </i>is reduced by salinity;<i> </i>and 3) <i>T. latifolia, </i>a main competitor of <i>T. </i>× <i>glauca</i>, is locally adapted to saline conditions in NS. Our experiments showed that NS <i>T. latifolia </i>and <i>T. angustifolia </i>are genetically compatible, and that saline conditions do not impede growth of hybrid plants. However, we also found that under conditions of high salinity, germination rates of hybrid seeds were substantially lower than those of NS <i>T. latifolia. </i> In addition, germination rates of NS<i> T. latifolia </i>were higher than those of Ontario <i>T. latifolia, </i>suggesting local adaptation to salinity in coastal wetlands. This study adds to the growing body of literature which identifies the important roles that local habitat and adaptation can play in the distributions and characteristics of hybrid zones. </p>
Data from: Contrasting effects of nutrient enrichment on below-ground biomass in coastal wetlands
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.