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539 results for “disentangling”
FIG. 17. — Marasmius roseus J.S in Disentangling cryptic species in the Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. and M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. species complexes (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)
FIG. 17. — Marasmius roseus J.S. Oliveira, sp. nov. (JO352): A, Siccus-type broom cells of the pileipellis (type 1); B, Siccus- to Rotalis-type broom cells (type 2). Scale bar: 10 µm.
FIG. 16. — Marasmius roseus J.S in Disentangling cryptic species in the Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. and M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. species complexes (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)
FIG. 16. — Marasmius roseus J.S. Oliveira, sp. nov. (JO352): A, basidiomata; B, basidiospores; C, basidioles; D, pleurocystidia; E, cheilocystidia. Scale bar: A, 10.5 mm; B-E, 10 µm.
FIG. 6 in Disentangling cryptic species in the Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. and M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. species complexes (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)
FIG. 6. — Pictures of fresh basidiomata: A, Marasmius bambusinus (Fr.) Fr. (JO343); B, M. gardneri Singer (JO491). Scale bars: 10 mm.
FIG. 7 in Disentangling cryptic species in the Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. and M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. species complexes (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)
FIG. 7. — Marasmius bambusinus (Fr.) Fr. (JO343): A, basidiomata; B, basidiospores; C, basidia; D, basidioles; E, pleurocystidia; F, cheilocystidia; G, Siccus-type broom cells of the pileipellis. Scale bar: A, 10.3 mm; B-G, 10 µm.
FIG. 19 in Disentangling cryptic species in the Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. and M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. species complexes (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)
FIG. 19. — Marasmius cf. pallescens Murrill (JO426): A1, A2, basidiomata; B, basidiospores; C, basidioles; D, basidia; E, pleurocystidia; F, cheilocystidia; G, Siccus-type broom cells of the pileipellis. Scale bar: A1, 12.5 mm; A2, 10.5 mm; B-G, 10 µm.
FIG. 18 in Disentangling cryptic species in the Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. and M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. species complexes (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)
FIG. 18. — Marasmius rubicundus (Singer) J.S. Oliveira, stat. nov. (JO464): A, basidiomata; B, basidiospores; C, basidia; D, basidioles; E, pleurocystidia; F, cheilocystidia; G, Siccus-type broom cells of the pileipellis. Scale bar: A, 19.2 mm; B-G, 10 µm.
FIG. 15 in Disentangling cryptic species in the Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. and M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. species complexes (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)
FIG. 15. — Pictures of fresh basidiomata: A, Marasmius roseus J.S. Oliveira, sp. nov. (JO352); B, M. rubicundus (Singer) J.S. Oliveira, stat. nov. (JO464); C, M. cf. pallescens Murrill (JO426). Scale bars: 10 mm.
FIG. 14 in Disentangling cryptic species in the Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. and M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. species complexes (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)
FIG. 14. — Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. (JO533): A1, A2, basidiomata; B, basidiospores; C, basidioles; D, basidia; E, pleurocystidia; F, cheilocystidia; G, Siccus-type broom cells of the pileipellis. Scale bar: A1, 8.9 mm; A2, 5.9 mm; B-G, 10 µm.
FIG. 11. — Marasmius castanocephalus J.S in Disentangling cryptic species in the Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. and M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. species complexes (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)
FIG. 11. — Marasmius castanocephalus J.S. Oliveira, sp. nov. (JO523): A1, A2, basidiomata; B, basidiospores; C, basidioles; D, pleurocystidia; E, cheilocystidia; F, Siccus-type broom cells of the pileipellis. Scale bar: A1, 18 mm; A2, 10 mm; B-F, 10 µm.
FIG. 2 in Disentangling cryptic species in the Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. and M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. species complexes (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)
FIG. 2. — Best-scored Maximum Likelihood Tree (TL = 0.164547) built from multilocus (nrITS and nrLSU) analysis based on siccus_cp1 in Fig. 1 (DATASET 2a). Support values are BS (70 to 100 %) and PP (0.95 to 1.0). Black, thick stems indicate high support and gray, thick stems indicate weak to moderate support. The gray shades highlight siccus_cp2a, siccus_cp2b, and M. siccus s. str. Blue arrows indicate the geographic origin of the strains. Global map is based on Olson & Dinerstein (2002) with forested areas depicted in their biogeographic realms.
FIG. 10. — Marasmius auranticapitatus J.S in Disentangling cryptic species in the Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. and M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. species complexes (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)
FIG. 10. — Marasmius auranticapitatus J.S. Oliveira, sp. nov. (M. Capelari & L.A.S. Ramos 4554): A, basidiomata; B, basidiospores; C, basidioles; D, pleurocystidia; E, cheilocystidia; F, Siccus-type broom cells of the pileipellis. Scale bar: A, 10 mm; B-F, 10 µm.
FIG. 12. — Marasmius coasiaticus J.S in Disentangling cryptic species in the Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. and M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. species complexes (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)
FIG. 12. — Marasmius coasiaticus J.S. Oliveira, sp. nov. (JO323): A, basidiomata; B, basidiospores; C, basidia; D, basidioles; E, pleurocystidia; F, cheilocystidia; G, Siccus-type broom cells of the pileipellis. Scale bar: A, 12.8 mm; B-G, 10 µm.
FIG. 5 in Disentangling cryptic species in the Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. and M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. species complexes (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)
FIG. 5. — Best-scored Maximum Likelihood trees (left side, TL = 0.111755; 0.135069) and 50 % majority-rule consensus trees (right side, TL = 0.106492; 0.120539) of Bayesian analyses built from multilocus (nrITS + rpb2 + ef1-α) analyses (DATASET 4) of the haemat_cp2a (Fig. 3). Black, thick stems indicate high support and gray, thick stems indicate weak to moderate support. Orange shade indicates M. auranticapitatus J.S. Oliveira, sp. nov. and the pink shade indicates M. rubicundus (Singer) J.S. Oliveira, stat. nov. Trees on the top includes MC4554 (holotype of M. auranticapitatus J.S. Oliveira, sp. nov.).
FIG. 1. — 50 in Disentangling cryptic species in the Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. and M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. species complexes (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)
FIG. 1. — 50 % majority-rule consensus tree (tree length – TL = 27.160273) of Bayesian analysis reconstructed from multilocus (nrITS and nrLSU) analysis of DATA- SET 1 (M. haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr., M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. and close species). Support values are PP (0.95 to 1.0) and BS (70 to 100 %). Black, thick stems indicate high support and gray, thick stems indicate weak to moderate support. Global map is based on Olson & Dinerstein (2002) with depicted forested areas in their biogeographic realms. The red area on the map is the putative distribution coverage of haemat_cp1 (in gray shade) on continental and insular terrestrial areas; the blue area represents the putative distribution coverage of siccus_cp1 (in gray shade) based on Fig. S1 in the Appendix, with branches colored accordingly.
FIG. 9 in Disentangling cryptic species in the Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. and M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. species complexes (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)
FIG. 9. — Pictures of fresh basidiomata: A, Marasmius auranticapitatus J.S. Oliveira, sp. nov. (M. Capelari & L.A.S. Ramos 4554); B, M. castanocephalus J.S. Oliveira, sp. nov. (JO523); C, M. coasiaticus J.S. Oliveira, sp. nov. (JO323). Scale bars: 10 mm.
FIG. 8 in Disentangling cryptic species in the Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. and M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. species complexes (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)
FIG. 8. — Marasmius gardneri Singer (JO491): A1, A2, basidiomata; B, basidiospores; C, basidioles; D, pleurocystidia; E, cheilocystidia; F, Siccus-type broom cells of the pileipellis. Scale bar: A1, 10.8 mm; A2, 5.9 mm; B-F, 10 µm.
FIG. 3 in Disentangling cryptic species in the Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. and M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. species complexes (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)
FIG. 3. — Best-scored Maximum Likelihood Tree (TL = 0.555713) built from multilocus (nrITS and nrLSU) analysis based on haemat_cp1 in Fig. 1 (DATASET 2b). Support values are BS (70 to 100 %) and PP (0.95 to 1.0). Black, thick stems indicate high support and gray, thick stems indicate weak to moderate support. The gray shades highlight the haemat_cp2a-e and the cryptic species in red rectangles if pileus color is a determinant constrain. Red arrows indicate the geographic origin of strains in the tree. Global map is based on Olson & Dinerstein (2002) with forested areas depicted in their biogeographic realms.
FIG. 4 in Disentangling cryptic species in the Marasmius haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr. and M. siccus (Schwein.) Fr. species complexes (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)
FIG. 4. — Best-scored Maximum Likelihood tree (left side, TL = 0.054576) and 50 % majority-rule consensus tree (right side, TL = 4.954404) of Bayesian analyses built from multilocus (nrLSU and nrITS) analyses (DATASET 3) of the haemat_cp2a (Fig. 3). Black, thick stems indicate high support and gray, thick stems indicate weak to moderate support. Dark red shade indicates M. haematocephalus (Mont.) Fr., the orange shade indicates M. auranticapitatus J.S. Oliveira, sp. nov. and the pink shade indicates M. rubicundus (Singer) J.S. Oliveira, stat. nov.
Data and code for the research work "Disentangling material, social, and cognitive determinants of human behavior and belief".
<p>This repository contains data files and Matlab and R code for the research work "Disentangling material, social, and cognitive determinants of human behavior and belief".</p>
Disentangling mechanical and sensory modules in the radiation of Noctilionoid bats
<p>The vertebrate cranium is a complex anatomical structure with diverse mechanical and sensory functions. Shifts between modularity and integration in both sets of functions, especially mechanical function, have been implicated in adaptive diversification. However, how mechanical and sensory systems and functions have coevolved and how their interrelationship contributes to phenotypic disparity remains largely unexplored. To examine the modularity, integration, and evolutionary rates of sensory and mechanical structures within the head, we analyzed hard and soft tissue scans from ecologically diverse bats from the superfamily Noctilionoidea, which range from generalized insectivores to derived frugivores and nectarivores. We identified eight cranial regions as distinct modules — five associated with bite force and three linked to the olfactory, visual, and auditory systems, respectively — whose interrelationships differ between Neotropical leaf-nosed bats (Family Phyllostomidae) and other noctilionoids. Our analyses suggest that the peak rates of sensory module evolution predate those of mechanical modules. This finding is consistent with transitions to new diets first involving changes in the detection of novel food items, followed by adaptations to process them. We propose the coevolution of structures influencing bite force, olfaction, vision, and hearing constituted a structural opportunity that allowed the phyllostomid ancestor to take advantage of existing ecological opportunity and the group to become a classic example of adaptive radiation.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.