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75 results for “ecological range”
Data from: Quaternary range and demographic expansion of Liolaemus darwinii (Squamata: Liolaemidae) in the Monte Desert of Central Argentina using Bayesian phylogeography and ecological niche modelling
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Data from: Integrating reproductive phenology in Ecological Niche Models changed the predicted future ranges of a marine invader
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A phylogenetic host-range index reveals ecological constraints in phage specialisation and virulence
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Data from: Forecasting range shifts of a cold-adapted species under climate change: are genomic and ecological diversity within species crucial for future resilience?
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Climate effects on the breeding ecology of pied flycatchers at the north of their range
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Rapid range expansion of a marine ectotherm reveals the demographic and ecological consequences of short-term variability in seawater temperature and dissolved oxygen
<p>The distributions of marine ectotherms are governed by physiological sensitivities to long-term trends in seawater temperature and dissolved oxygen. Short-term variability in these parameters has the potential to facilitate rapid range expansions, and the resulting ecological and socioeconomic consequences may portend those of future marine communities. Here, we combine physiological experiments with ecological and demographic surveys to assess the causes and consequences of sudden but temporary poleward range expansions of a marine ectotherm with considerable life history plasticity (California market squid, <i>Doryteuthis opalescens</i>). We show that sequential factors related to resource accessibility in the core range may drive these expansions—the buildup of large populations due to competitive release, and climate-associated temperature increase and oxygen loss that constrain aerobic activity. We also reveal that poleward range expansion alters the body size—and therefore trophic role—of invading populations, with potential negative implications for socioeconomically valuable resident species. To help forecast rapid range expansions of marine ectotherms, we advocate that research efforts focus on factors impacting resource accessibility in core ranges. Determining how environmental conditions in receiving ecosystems affect body size, and how body size is related to trophic role, will help refine estimates of the impacts of future marine communities.</p>
Climatic drivers and ecological impacts of a rapid range expansion by non-native smallmouth bass
<p>Smallmouth bass (<i>Micropterus dolomieu</i>) are a globally introduced fish species that have experienced widespread range expansions in recent decades and which can have deleterious effects on native fish communities. Rapidly assessing their expansions will aid conservation and management actions geared towards controlling their spread and mitigating their impacts. Smallmouth bass have recently experienced a rapid upstream expansion in a Great Plains river (Laramie River, Wyoming, USA), which provided an opportunity to evaluate the drivers and impacts of this expansion by using a modified before-after, control-impact (BACI) design. Our objectives were to test whether climatic drivers (temperature, precipitation, flow) were related to this range expansion and subsequent effects of the expansion on native fish communities. Smallmouth bass population size in Grayrocks Reservoir increased following a climatically extreme wet year, with statistically extreme amounts of spring-time and June precipitation creating high discharge events that coincided with the upstream expansion. Unlike previous studies highlighting the invasive nature of smallmouth bass, the modified BACI analysis revealed no declines in species richness induced by the expansion. However, there was evidence that native small-bodied minnow species (family <i>Leuciscidae</i>) declined in relative abundance and that community-level and species-level trophic niches were compressed for invaded sites. Our findings provide important insight into how climatic extremes can prompt biological invasions that can alter community composition and food web structure even if local extirpations do not occur.</p>
Ecological specialisation and range size determine intraspecific body size variation in a speciose clade of insect herbivores
<p><span>The body size of an adult insect is strongly determined by the environmental factors to which it is exposed during growth and development. Insect species confronted with a high environmental variability across their geographical range (i.e., wide ecological niche breadth) may therefore reveal broader variation in body size than those species which are more specialised (i.e., narrow ecological niche). </span><span>In this study, we aim to investigate whether characteristics related to the ecological niche breadth of a holometabolous insect species (i.e., its ecological specialisation) affect its intraspecific variation in adult body size. By using European geometrid moths as a model group, we specifically tested whether latitudinal range size, larval resource use, and voltinism affect intraspecific body size variation. We hypothesised that plasticity will increase along with latitudinal range and larval diet breadth. We further expected that univoltine species reveal a lower body size variation compared to those with multiple generations per year. To test these hypotheses, w</span><span>e compiled a comprehensive trait database for 631 species of European geometrid moths from literature, including information on adult body size, life history, and distribution. </span><span>We further </span><span>reconstructed a molecular phylogeny including all analysed geometrid species and applied </span><span>phylogenetic comparative methods in order to test our predictions. In support of our hypotheses, we found that intraspecific size variation is positively related to latitudinal range size and larval diet breadth, and that multivoltine species reveal a higher heterogeneity in body size than taxa with a strictly univoltine life style. </span><span>Based on our results, we demonstrated that intraspecific body size variation in geometrid moths is negatively related to ecological specialisation. We further suggest that increased variation in body size with increasing niche breadth is a general pattern, which likely applies to many other insect groups as well. This assumption, however, demands further empirical scrutiny.</span></p>
Staying close to home: Ecological constraints on space use and range fidelity of a mountain ungulate
<p>Understanding patterns of animal space use and range fidelity has important implications for species and habitat conservation. For species that live in highly seasonal environments, such as mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus), spatial use patterns are expected to vary in relation to seasonal changes in environmental conditions and sex‐ or age-specific selection pressures. To address hypotheses about sex, age, and seasonality influence on space use ecology, we collected GPS location data from 263 radio‐collared mountain goats (males, n = 140; females, n =123) in coastal Alaska during 2005 – 2016. Location data were analyzed to derive seasonal and sex‐specific fixed-kernel home range estimates, and to quantify the degree of seasonal range and utilization distribution overlap. Overall, we determined that home range size was smallest during winter, expanded coincident with the onset of green-up and parturition, and were largest during summer. Home range size of males and females did not differ significantly during winter, but females had larger home ranges than males during summer; a relationship that was switched during the mating season. Pairwise comparisons involving individual females across subsequent years indicated home ranges were significantly smaller during years when they gave birth to offspring. Mountain goats exhibited a strong degree of range fidelity, and 99% (n =138) of individual animals returned to their previous year's seasonal range with an average annual Bhattacharyya's Affinity utilization distribution overlap index of 68%. Similarity of seasonal home range utilization distributions varied in relation to sex and season in some respects. Home range overlap was highest during the summer vegetation growing season, particularly among females. These findings advance our understanding about how environmental variation and sex- and age-related reproductive constraints influence space use and range fidelity among alpine ungulates. Documentation of the high degree of range fidelity among mountain goats has important conservation implications in landscapes increasingly altered by anthropogenic activities.</p>
Climatic drivers and ecological impacts of a rapid range expansion by non-native smallmouth bass
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Rapid range expansion of a marine ectotherm reveals the demographic and ecological consequences of short-term variability in seawater temperature and dissolved oxygen
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Ecological specialisation and range size determine intraspecific body size variation in a speciose clade of insect herbivores
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Staying close to home: Ecological constraints on space use and range fidelity of a mountain ungulate
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Data from: Genetic consequences of post-glacial range expansion in two codistributed rodents (genus Dipodomys) depend on ecology and genetic locus
How does range expansion affect genetic diversity in species with different ecologies, and do different types of genetic markers lead to different conclusions? We addressed these questions by assessing the genetic consequences of post-glacial range expansion using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and nuclear restriction site associated DNA (RAD) sequencing in two congeneric and co-distributed rodents with different ecological characteristics: the desert kangaroo rat (Dipodomys deserti), a sand specialist, and the Merriam's kangaroo rat (D. merriami), a substrate generalist. For each species, we compared genetic variation between populations that retained stable distributions throughout glacial periods and those inferred to have expanded since the last glacial maximum. Our results suggest that expanded populations of both species experienced a loss of private mtDNA haplotypes and differentiation among populations, as well as a loss of nuclear SNP private alleles and polymorphism. However, only D. deserti experienced a loss of nucleotide diversity (both mtDNA and nuclear) and nuclear heterozygosity. For all indices of diversity and differentiation that showed reduced values in the expanded areas, D. deserti populations experienced a greater degree of loss than did D. merriami populations. Additionally, patterns of loss in genetic diversity in expanded populations were substantially less extreme (by two orders of magnitude in some cases) for nuclear SNPs in both species compared to that observed for mitochondrial data. Our results demonstrate that ecological characteristics may play a role in determining genetic variation associated with range expansions, yet mtDNA diversity loss is not necessarily accompanied by a matched magnitude of loss in nuclear diversity.
Data from: Genetic consequences of post-glacial range expansion in two codistributed rodents (genus Dipodomys) depend on ecology and genetic locus
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.